Lexifier: Difference between revisions
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== Structure == |
== Structure == |
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[[Pidgin]] and [[creole language]] names are often written as the following: Location spoken + Stage of Development + Lexifier language. For example: [[Malaysian Creole Portuguese]], with [[Portuguese]] being the lexifier and the [[superstrate]] language at the time of the [[Creole language|creole]] development. <ref name=": |
[[Pidgin]] and [[creole language]] names are often written as the following: Location spoken + Stage of Development + Lexifier language. For example: [[Malaysian Creole Portuguese]], with [[Portuguese]] being the lexifier and the [[superstrate]] language at the time of the [[Creole language|creole]] development. <ref name=":" /> |
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Often the [[autoglossonym]], or the name the speakers give their [[contact language]], is written Broken + Lexifier, e.g. Broken English. This becomes confusing when multiple [[contact languages]] have the same lexifier, as different languages could be called the same name by their speakers. Hence, the names are as stated above in the literature to reduce this confusion.<ref name=": |
Often the [[autoglossonym]], or the name the speakers give their [[contact language]], is written Broken + Lexifier, e.g. Broken English. This becomes confusing when multiple [[contact languages]] have the same lexifier, as different languages could be called the same name by their speakers. Hence, the names are as stated above in the literature to reduce this confusion.<ref name=":" /> |
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== Name == |
== Name == |
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**[[Haitian Creole]] <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/hat|title=Haitian Creole|work=Ethnologue|access-date=2018-10-11|language=en}}</ref> |
**[[Haitian Creole]] <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/hat|title=Haitian Creole|work=Ethnologue|access-date=2018-10-11|language=en}}</ref> |
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** [[Kreyol La Lwizyan|Louisiana Creole]] <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/lou|title=Louisiana Creole|work=Ethnologue|access-date=2018-10-11|language=en}}</ref> |
** [[Kreyol La Lwizyan|Louisiana Creole]] <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/lou|title=Louisiana Creole|work=Ethnologue|access-date=2018-10-11|language=en}}</ref> |
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** [[Antillean Creole French|Antillean Creole]] |
** [[Antillean Creole French|Antillean Creole]] |
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* [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] is the lexifier of [[Portuguese-based creole languages]], such as: |
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** [[Malaysian Creole Portuguese]]<ref name=":8" /> |
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** [[Cape Verdean Creole of Brava]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ingentaconnect.com.ezproxy.library.ubc.ca/content/jbp/sl/2005/00000029/00000001/art00016#|title=UBC Library {{!}} EZproxy Login|website=www.ingentaconnect.com.ezproxy.library.ubc.ca|language=en|access-date=2018-10-12}}</ref> |
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** [[Korlai Creole Portuguese]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ingentaconnect.com.ezproxy.library.ubc.ca/content/jbp/jpcl/2002/00000017/00000002/art00002#|title=UBC Library {{!}} EZproxy Login|website=www.ingentaconnect.com.ezproxy.library.ubc.ca|language=en|access-date=2018-10-12}}</ref> |
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* [[Spanish language|Spanish]] is the lexifier of [[Spanish-based creole languages]], such as: |
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** [[Philippine Creole Spanish]]<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lipski|first=John M.|date=2012-04-11|title=Remixing a mixed language: The emergence of a new pronominal system in Chabacano (Philippine Creole Spanish)|url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1367006912438302?utm_source=summon&utm_medium=discovery-provider|journal=International Journal of Bilingualism|language=en|volume=17|issue=4|pages=448–478|doi=10.1177/1367006912438302|issn=1367-0069}}</ref> |
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** [[Palenquero]]<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lipski|first=John M.|date=2012|title=Free at Last: From Bound Morpheme to Discourse Marker in Lengua ri Palenge (Palenquero Creole Spanish)|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/23621075|journal=Anthropological Linguistics|volume=54|issue=2|pages=101–132}}</ref> |
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* [[Dutch language|Dutch]] is the lexifier of [[Dutch-based creole languages]], such as: |
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** [[Negerhollands]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www-cambridge-org.ezproxy.library.ubc.ca/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/BD3C8DE75744F3640704D79D6B0F9F58/S1470542714000063a.pdf/three_dutch_creoles_in_comparison.pdf|title=UBC Library {{!}} EZproxy Login|website=www-cambridge-org.ezproxy.library.ubc.ca|language=en|access-date=2018-10-12}}</ref> |
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** [[Berbice Dutch Creole]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ac-els-cdn-com.ezproxy.library.ubc.ca/S0388000116301942/1-s2.0-S0388000116301942-main.pdf?_tid=64038f53-aeaf-44b9-9a9d-33a1dcc0fb04&acdnat=1539376037_71de29f581b1ce602f620fce7f57eb60|title=UBC Library {{!}} EZproxy Login|website=ac-els-cdn-com.ezproxy.library.ubc.ca|language=en|access-date=2018-10-12}}</ref> |
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[[Category:Pidgins and creoles]] |
[[Category:Pidgins and creoles]] |
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Revision as of 01:54, 14 November 2018
A lexifier is the language that provides the basis for the majority of contact language's vocabulary, or lexicon.[1] Often this language is also the dominant, or superstrate language, though this is not always the case, and can be seen in the language called Lingua Franca.[2] In mixed languages, there are no superstrates or substrates, but instead two or more adstrates. One adstrate still contributes the majority of the lexicon in most cases, and would be considered the lexifier. However, it is not the dominant language, as there are none in the development of mixed languages, such as in Michif. [1]
Structure
Pidgin and creole language names are often written as the following: Location spoken + Stage of Development + Lexifier language. For example: Malaysian Creole Portuguese, with Portuguese being the lexifier and the superstrate language at the time of the creole development. [1]
Often the autoglossonym, or the name the speakers give their contact language, is written Broken + Lexifier, e.g. Broken English. This becomes confusing when multiple contact languages have the same lexifier, as different languages could be called the same name by their speakers. Hence, the names are as stated above in the literature to reduce this confusion.[1]
Name
The word lexifier is derived from the modern latin word lexicon, meaning a catalogue of the vocabulary or units in a given language.[3]
Examples
- English is the lexifier of English-based creole languages, such as:
- French is the lexifier of French-based creole languages, such as:
- Portuguese is the lexifier of Portuguese-based creole languages, such as:
- Spanish is the lexifier of Spanish-based creole languages, such as:
- Dutch is the lexifier of Dutch-based creole languages, such as:
 | This sociolinguistics article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
- ^ a b c d e Velupillai, Viveka (2015). Pidgins, Creoles & Mixed Languages. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company. p. 519. ISBN 978 90 272 5272 2.
- ^ Rachel, Selbach,. "2. The superstrate is not always the lexifier: Lingua Franca in the Barbary Coast 1530-1830". Creole Language Library.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "UBC Library | EZproxy Login". www.oed.com.ezproxy.library.ubc.ca. Retrieved 2018-10-12.
- ^ "Inside the Bilingual Writer on JSTOR" (PDF). doi:10.7588/worllitetoda.92.3.0030.pdf.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "PDF file from Editorial Manager". Retrieved 2018-10-11.
- ^ "Nicaragua Creole English". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2018-10-11.
- ^ "Islander Creole English". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2018-10-19.
- ^ "Haitian Creole". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2018-10-11.
- ^ "Louisiana Creole". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2018-10-11.
- ^ "Saint Lucian Creole French". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2018-10-11.
- ^ "UBC Library | EZproxy Login". www.ingentaconnect.com.ezproxy.library.ubc.ca. Retrieved 2018-10-12.
- ^ "UBC Library | EZproxy Login". www.ingentaconnect.com.ezproxy.library.ubc.ca. Retrieved 2018-10-12.
- ^ Lipski, John M. (2012-04-11). "Remixing a mixed language: The emergence of a new pronominal system in Chabacano (Philippine Creole Spanish)". International Journal of Bilingualism. 17 (4): 448–478. doi:10.1177/1367006912438302. ISSN 1367-0069.
- ^ Lipski, John M. (2012). "Free at Last: From Bound Morpheme to Discourse Marker in Lengua ri Palenge (Palenquero Creole Spanish)". Anthropological Linguistics. 54 (2): 101–132.
- ^ "UBC Library | EZproxy Login" (PDF). www-cambridge-org.ezproxy.library.ubc.ca. Retrieved 2018-10-12.
- ^ "UBC Library | EZproxy Login" (PDF). ac-els-cdn-com.ezproxy.library.ubc.ca. Retrieved 2018-10-12.