View source for Lyssavirus

You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reasons:

This IP address has been blocked from editing Wikipedia.
This does not affect your ability to read Wikipedia pages.
Most people who see this message have done nothing wrong. Some kinds of blocks restrict editing from specific service providers or telecom companies in response to recent abuse or vandalism, and can sometimes affect other users who are unrelated to that abuse. Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.

The IP address or range 34.204.0.0/16 has been blocked by ‪JJMC89‬ for the following reason(s):

The IP address that you are currently using has been blocked because it is believed to be a web host provider or colocation provider. To prevent abuse, web hosts and colocation providers may be blocked from editing Wikipedia.
You will not be able to edit Wikipedia using a web host or colocation provider because it hides your IP address, much like a proxy or VPN.
We recommend that you attempt to use another connection to edit. For example, if you use a proxy or VPN to connect to the internet, turn it off when editing Wikipedia. If you edit using a mobile connection, try using a Wi-Fi connection, and vice versa. If you are using a corporate internet connection, switch to a different Wi-Fi network. If you have a Wikipedia account, please log in.
If you do not have any other way to edit Wikipedia, you will need to request an IP block exemption.

How to appeal if you are confident that your connection does not use a colocation provider's IP address:
If you are confident that you are not using a web host, you may appeal this block by adding the following text on your talk page: {{unblock|reason=Caught by a colocation web host block but this host or IP is not a web host. My IP address is _______. Place any further information here. ~~~~}}. You must fill in the blank with your IP address for this block to be investigated. Your IP address can be determined here. Alternatively, if you wish to keep your IP address private you can use the unblock ticket request system. There are several reasons you might be editing using the IP address of a web host or colocation provider (such as if you are using VPN software or a business network); please use this method of appeal only if you think your IP address is in fact not a web host or colocation provider.

Administrators: The IP block exemption user right should only be applied to allow users to edit using web host in exceptional circumstances, and requests should usually be directed to the functionaries team via email. If you intend to give the IPBE user right, a CheckUser needs to take a look at the account. This can be requested most easily at SPI Quick Checkuser Requests. Unblocking an IP or IP range with this template is highly discouraged without at least contacting the blocking administrator.

This block will expire on 05:17, 2 January 2025. Your current IP address is 34.204.199.43.

Even when blocked, you will usually still be able to edit your user talk page, as well as email administrators and other editors.

For information on how to proceed, please read the FAQ for blocked users and the guideline on block appeals. The guide to appealing blocks may also be helpful.

Other useful links: Blocking policy · Help:I have been blocked
This IP address range has been globally blocked.
This does not affect your ability to read Wikipedia pages.
Most people who see this message have done nothing wrong. Some kinds of blocks restrict editing from specific service providers or telecom companies in response to recent abuse or vandalism, and can sometimes affect other users who are unrelated to that abuse. Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.

This block affects editing on all Wikimedia wikis.
The IP address or range 34.204.0.0/16 has been globally blocked by ‪Jon Kolbert‬ for the following reason(s):

Open proxy/Webhost: See the help page if you are affected

This block will expire on 05:38, 21 February 2029. Your current IP address is 34.204.199.43.

Even while globally blocked, you will usually still be able to edit pages on Meta-Wiki.

If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the No open proxies global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please post a request for review on Meta-Wiki. You could also send an email to the stewards VRT queue at stewards@wikimedia.org including all above details.

Other useful links: Global blocks · Help:I have been blocked

You can view and copy the source of this page:

{{short description|Genus of viruses}}
{{cs1 config|name-list-style=vanc}}
{{about|the rabiform virus|the hemorrhagic fever-causing virus|Lassa virus}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}
{{Virusbox
| image = CSIRO ScienceImage 1977 Bat Lyssavirus.jpg
| image_alt = Colored transmission electron micrograph of "Australian bat lyssavirus". The bullet-like objects are the virions, and some of them are budding off from a cell.
| image_caption = Colored [[transmission electron micrograph]] of ''[[Australian bat lyssavirus]]''. The bullet-like objects are the virions, and some of them are budding off from a cell.
| taxon = Lyssavirus
| synonyms =
| synonyms_ref =
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
* ''[[Aravan lyssavirus]]''
* ''[[Australian bat lyssavirus]]''
* ''[[Bokeloh bat lyssavirus]]''
* ''[[Duvenhage lyssavirus]]''
* ''[[European bat 1 lyssavirus]]''
* ''[[European bat 2 lyssavirus]]''
* ''[[Gannoruwa bat lyssavirus]]''
* ''[[Ikoma lyssavirus]]''
* ''[[Irkut lyssavirus]]''
* ''[[Khujand lyssavirus]]''
* ''[[Kotalahti bat lyssavirus]]''
* ''[[Lagos bat lyssavirus]]''
* ''[[Lleida bat lyssavirus]]''
* ''[[Madagascar bat lyssavirus]]''
* ''[[Mokola lyssavirus]]''
* ''[[Rabies lyssavirus]]''
* ''[[Shimoni bat lyssavirus]]''
* ''[[Taiwan bat lyssavirus]]''
* ''[[West Caucasian bat lyssavirus]]''
}}

'''''Lyssavirus''''' (from the [[Ancient Greek|Greek]] {{lang|el|λύσσα}} ''lyssa''  "rage, fury, rabies" and the [[Latin]] ''[[Virus#Etymology|vīrus]]'')<ref>{{LSJ|lu/ssa^|λύσσα|ref}}.</ref><ref>{{L&S|virus|vīrus|ref}}</ref> is a genus of [[RNA virus]]es in the family ''[[Rhabdoviridae]]'', order ''[[Mononegavirales]]''. Mammals, including humans, can serve as natural [[Host (biology)|host]]s.<ref name=ViralZone>{{cite web|title=Viral Zone|url=http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/22.html |publisher=[[ExPASy]] |access-date=15 June 2015}}</ref><ref name=ICTV>{{cite web|last1=ICTV|title=Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release|url=http://ictvonline.org/virusTaxonomy.asp|access-date=15 June 2015}}</ref> The genus ''Lyssavirus'' includes the [[causative agent]] ([[rabies virus]]) of [[rabies]].<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia
|title=Virus - Annotated classification
|encyclopedia=Britannica
|url=https://www.britannica.com/science/virus/Annotated-classification
|date=2024-06-18
}}</ref>

==Taxonomy==
<!-- This table is missing two viruses: [[Kotalahti bat lyssavirus]] and [[Taiwan bat lyssavirus]], neither of which have been sufficiently studied to have been assigned a phylogroup. -->
{| class="sortable wikitable"
|+ Genus ''Lyssavirus'': species and their viruses<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Afonso CL, Amarasinghe GK, Bányai K, Bào Y, Basler CF, Bavari S, Bejerman N, Blasdell KR, Briand FX, Briese T, Bukreyev A, Calisher CH, Chandran K, Chéng J, Clawson AN, Collins PL, Dietzgen RG, Dolnik O, Domier LL, Dürrwald R, Dye JM, Easton AJ, Ebihara H, Farkas SL, Freitas-Astúa J, Formenty P, Fouchier RA, Fù Y, Ghedin E, Goodin MM, Hewson R, Horie M, Hyndman TH, Jiāng D, Kitajima EW, Kobinger GP, Kondo H, Kurath G, Lamb RA, Lenardon S, Leroy EM, Li CX, Lin XD, Liú L, Longdon B, Marton S, Maisner A, Mühlberger E, Netesov SV, Nowotny N, Patterson JL, Payne SL, Paweska JT, Randall RE, Rima BK, Rota P, Rubbenstroth D, Schwemmle M, Shi M, Smither SJ, Stenglein MD, Stone DM, Takada A, Terregino C, Tesh RB, Tian JH, Tomonaga K, Tordo N, Towner JS, Vasilakis N, Verbeek M, Volchkov VE, Wahl-Jensen V, Walsh JA, Walker PJ, Wang D, Wang LF, Wetzel T, Whitfield AE, Xiè JT, Yuen KY, Zhang YZ, Kuhn JH | display-authors = 6 | title = Taxonomy of the order Mononegavirales: update 2016 | journal = Archives of Virology | volume = 161 | issue = 8 | pages = 2351–2360 | date = August 2016 | pmid = 27216929 | pmc = 4947412 | doi = 10.1007/s00705-016-2880-1 }}</ref><ref name="ICTV18">{{cite web |title=Genus: ''Lyssavirus'' |url=https://talk.ictvonline.org/ictv-reports/ictv_online_report/negative-sense-rna-viruses/mononegavirales/w/rhabdoviridae/795/genus-lyssavirus |website=International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) |access-date=18 December 2018}}{{dead link|date=January 2023|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
| '''[[Genus]]'''
| [[Phylogroup]]
| '''[[Species]]'''
| '''Virus (Abbreviation)'''
|- valign="TOP"
| rowspan="17" | ''Lyssavirus''
| rowspan="11" | I
| rowspan="1" | ''[[Aravan lyssavirus]]''
| rowspan="1" | [[Aravan virus]] (ARAV)
|- valign="TOP"
| rowspan="1" | ''[[Australian bat lyssavirus]]''
| rowspan="1" | Australian bat lyssavirus (ABLV)
|- valign="TOP"
| rowspan="1" | ''[[Bokeloh bat lyssavirus]]''
| rowspan="1" | Bokeloh bat lyssavirus (BBLV)
|- valign="TOP"
| rowspan="1" | ''[[Duvenhage lyssavirus]]''
| rowspan="1" | [[Duvenhage virus]] (DUVV)
|- valign="TOP"
| rowspan="1" | ''[[European bat 1 lyssavirus]]''
| rowspan="1" | [[European bat lyssavirus 1]] (EBLV-1)
|- valign="TOP"
| rowspan="1" | ''[[European bat 2 lyssavirus]]''
| rowspan="1" | [[European bat lyssavirus 2]] (EBLV-2)
|- valign="TOP"
| rowspan="1" | ''[[Gannoruwa bat lyssavirus]]''
| rowspan="1" | Gannoruwa bat lyssavirus (GBLV)
|- valign="TOP"
| rowspan="1" | ''[[Irkut  lyssavirus]]''
| rowspan="1" | [[Irkut virus]] (IRKV)
|- valign="TOP"
| rowspan="1" | ''[[Khujand lyssavirus]]''
| rowspan="1" | [[Khujand virus]] (KHUV)
|- valign="TOP"
| rowspan="1" | ''[[Madagascar bat lyssavirus]]''
| rowspan="1" | [[Madagascar bat lyssavirus]] (MABV)
|- valign="TOP"
| rowspan="1" | ''[[Rabies lyssavirus]]''
| rowspan="1" | [[Rabies virus]] (RABV)
|- valign="TOP"
| rowspan="3" | II
| rowspan="1" | ''[[Lagos bat lyssavirus]]''
| rowspan="1" | [[Lagos bat virus]] (LBV)
|- valign="TOP"
| rowspan="1" | ''[[Mokola lyssavirus]]''
| rowspan="1" | [[Mokola virus]] (MOKV)
|- valign="TOP"
| rowspan="1" | ''[[Shimoni bat lyssavirus]]''
| rowspan="1" | [[Shimoni bat virus]] (SHIBV)
|- valign="TOP"
| rowspan="1" | III
| rowspan="1" | ''[[West Caucasian bat lyssavirus]]''
| rowspan="1" | [[West Caucasian bat virus]] (WCBV)
|- valign="TOP"
| rowspan="2" | IV
| rowspan="1" | ''[[Ikoma lyssavirus]]''
| rowspan="1" | Ikoma lyssavirus (IKOV)
|- valign="TOP"
| rowspan="1" | ''[[Lleida bat lyssavirus]]''
| rowspan="1" | Lleida bat lyssavirus (LLEBV)
|}

==Virology==
=== Structure ===
Lyssavirions are enveloped, with bullet shaped geometries. These virions are about 75&nbsp;nm wide and 180&nbsp;nm long.<ref name=ViralZone /> Lyssavirions have helical symmetry, so their infectious particles are approximately cylindrical in shape. This is typical of plant-infecting viruses. Virions of human-infecting viruses more commonly have cubic symmetry and take shapes approximating [[regular polyhedron|regular polyhedra]].{{cn|date=January 2023}}

The structure consists of a spiked outer [[envelope (biology)|envelope]], a middle region consisting of matrix protein M, and an inner [[ribonucleocapsid]] complex region, consisting of the genome associated with other proteins.{{cn|date=January 2023}}

===Genome===
Lyssavirus [[genome]]s consist of a negative-sense, single-stranded [[RNA]] molecule that encodes five viral proteins: [[polymerase]] L, matrix [[protein]] M, [[phosphoprotein]] P, [[nucleoprotein]] N, and [[glycoprotein]] G. Genomes are linear, around 11kb in length.<ref name=ViralZone />

Based on recent phylogenetic evidence, lyssaviruses have been categorized into seven major [[species]]. In addition, five more species have recently been discovered: West Caucasian bat virus, Aravan virus, Khujand virus, Irkut virus and Shimoni bat virus.<ref>[http://ictvonline.org/virusTaxonomy.asp Virus Taxonomy: 2013 Release]. ictvonline.org</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kuzmin IV, Hughes GJ, Botvinkin AD, Orciari LA, Rupprecht CE | title = Phylogenetic relationships of Irkut and West Caucasian bat viruses within the Lyssavirus genus and suggested quantitative criteria based on the N gene sequence for lyssavirus genotype definition | journal = Virus Research | volume = 111 | issue = 1 | pages = 28–43 | date = July 2005 | pmid = 15896400 | doi = 10.1016/j.virusres.2005.03.008 | url = https://zenodo.org/record/1259441 }}</ref> The lyssavirus genus can be divided into four [[phylogroup]]s based upon DNA sequence homology. Phylogroup I includes viruses, such as Rabies virus, Duvenhage virus, European bat lyssavirus types 1 and 2, Australian bat lyssavirus, Khujand virus, Bokeloh bat lyssavirus, Irkut virus, and Aravan virus. Phylogroup II contains Lagos bat virus, Mokola virus, and Shimoni bat virus. West Caucasian bat lyssavirus is the only virus that is a part of phylogroup III. Ikoma lyssavirus and Lleida bat lyssavirus are examples in phylogroup IV. West Caucasian bat lyssavirus was classified within its own phylogroup because it is the most divergent lyssavirus that has been discovered.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Gould AR, Kattenbelt JA, Gumley SG, Lunt RA | title = Characterisation of an Australian bat lyssavirus variant isolated from an insectivorous bat | journal = Virus Research | volume = 89 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–28 | date = October 2002 | pmid = 12367747 | doi = 10.1016/s0168-1702(02)00056-4 }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Genus !! Structure || Symmetry !! Capsid !! Genomic arrangement !! Genomic segmentation
|-
|''Lyssavirus''||Bullet-shaped||||Enveloped||Linear||Monopartite
|}

===Evolution===
Phylogenetic studies suggest that the original hosts of these viruses were bats.<ref name=Banyard2011>{{cite journal | vauthors = Banyard AC, Hayman D, Johnson N, McElhinney L, Fooks AR | title = Bats and lyssaviruses | journal = Advances in Virus Research | volume = 79 | pages = 239–289 | year = 2011 | pmid = 21601050 | doi = 10.1016/B978-0-12-387040-7.00012-3 | isbn = 978-0-12-387040-7 }}</ref> However, the recent discovery of lyssavirus sequences from amphibians and reptiles challenges the mammalian origin of lyssaviruses.<ref name="Oberhuber2021">{{cite journal |last1=Oberhuber |first1=Martina |last2=Schopf |first2=Anika |last3=Hennrich |first3=Alexandru Adrian |last4=Santos-Mandujano |first4=Rosalía |last5=Huhn |first5=Anna Gesine |last6=Seitz |first6=Stefan |last7=Riedel |first7=Christiane |last8=Conzelmann |first8=Karl-Klaus |title=Glycoproteins of Predicted Amphibian and Reptile Lyssaviruses Can Mediate Infection of Mammalian and Reptile Cells |journal=Viruses |date=September 2021 |volume=13 |issue=9 |pages=1726 |doi=10.3390/v13091726|pmid=34578307 |pmc=8473393 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="Horie2021">{{cite journal |last1=Horie |first1=Masayuki |last2=Akashi |first2=Hiroshi |last3=Kawata |first3=Masakado |last4=Tomonaga |first4=Keizo |title=Identification of a reptile lyssavirus in Anolis allogus provided novel insights into lyssavirus evolution |journal=Virus Genes |date=1 February 2021 |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=40–49 |doi=10.1007/s11262-020-01803-y|pmid=33159637 |s2cid=226276694 }}</ref> The greater antigenic diversity of lyssaviruses from [[Africa]] has led to the assumption that Africa was the origin of these viruses. An examination of 153 viruses collected between 1956 and 2015 from various geographic locations has instead suggested a [[Palearctic]] origin (85% likelihood) for these viruses.<ref name=Hayman2016>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hayman DT, Fooks AR, Marston DA, Garcia-R JC | title = The Global Phylogeography of Lyssaviruses - Challenging the 'Out of Africa' Hypothesis | journal = PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases | volume = 10 | issue = 12 | pages = e0005266 | date = December 2016 | pmid = 28036390 | pmc = 5231386 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005266 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Date estimates (95% likelihood) for the most recent common ancestor were very broad – between 3,995 and 166,820 years before present – which suggests there is further work to be done in this area. Although bats evolved in the Palearctic,<ref name=Teeling2005>{{cite journal | vauthors = Teeling EC, Springer MS, Madsen O, Bates P, O'brien SJ, Murphy WJ | title = A molecular phylogeny for bats illuminates biogeography and the fossil record | journal = Science | volume = 307 | issue = 5709 | pages = 580–584 | date = January 2005 | pmid = 15681385 | doi = 10.1126/science.1105113 | s2cid = 25912333 | bibcode = 2005Sci...307..580T }}</ref> their origins antedate that of the lyssaviruses by millions of years, which argues against their co-speciation. The evolution rate in the N gene in the Africa 2 lineage has been estimated to be 3.75×10<sup>−3</sup> substitutions per site per year.<ref name=He2017>{{cite journal | vauthors = He W, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Wang R, Lu S, Ji Y, Liu C, Yuan P, Su S | display-authors = 6 | title = Codon usage bias in the N gene of rabies virus | journal = Infection, Genetics and Evolution | volume = 54 | pages = 458–465 | date = October 2017 | pmid = 28818621 | doi = 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.08.012 }}</ref> This rate is similar to that of other RNA viruses.

==Life cycle==
Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral G glycoproteins to host receptors, which mediates [[receptor-mediated endocytosis|clathrin-mediated endocytosis]]. Replication follows the negative stranded RNA virus replication model. Negative stranded RNA virus transcription, using [[polymerase stuttering]], is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by budding and by  tubule-guided viral movement.
Wild mammals, especially bats and certain carnivores, serve as natural hosts. Transmission routes are typically via bite wounds.<ref name=ViralZone />

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Genus !! Host details !! Tissue tropism !! Entry details !! Release details !! Replication site !! Assembly site !! Transmission
|-
|''Lyssavirus''||bats, ''[[Crocidura]]'' shrews and certain carnivores||Neurons||Clathrin-mediated endocytosis||Budding||Cytoplasm||Cytoplasm||Bite wounds
|}

==Testing==
As of 2018 the [[direct fluorescent antibody]] (DFA) test is still the gold standard to detect lyssavirus infection. Since the new millennium [[reverse transcription PCR]] (RT-PCR) tests have been developed for rabies but only been used as a confirmatory test. [[Real-time PCR]]-based tests which have higher sensitivity and objective diagnostic thresholds and allow samples to be stored at room temperature have been promising since 2005, but require a real-time PCR machine and skilled workers with experience in molecular diagnostics. In an international evaluation a single [[TaqMan]] LN34 assay could detect Lyssavirus with high sensitivity (99.90%) across the genus and high specificity (99.68%) when compared to the DFA test. It will become the primary post-mortem rabies diagnostic test where possible.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Gigante CM, Dettinger L, Powell JW, Seiders M, Condori RE, Griesser R, Okogi K, Carlos M, Pesko K, Breckenridge M, Simon EM, Chu MY, Davis AD, Brunt SJ, Orciari L, Yager P, Carson WC, Hartloge C, Saliki JT, Sanchez S, Deldari M, Hsieh K, Wadhwa A, Wilkins K, Peredo VY, Rabideau P, Gruhn N, Cadet R, Isloor S, Nath SS, Joseph T, Gao J, Wallace R, Reynolds M, Olson VA, Li Y | display-authors = 6 | title = Multi-site evaluation of the LN34 pan-lyssavirus real-time RT-PCR assay for post-mortem rabies diagnostics | journal = PLOS ONE | volume = 13 | issue = 5 | pages = e0197074 | date = 16 May 2018 | pmid = 29768505 | pmc = 5955534 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0197074 | doi-access = free | bibcode = 2018PLoSO..1397074G }}</ref>

==Epidemiology==
Classic [[rabies]] virus is prevalent throughout most of the world and can be carried by any warm blooded mammal. The other lyssaviruses have much less diversity in carriers. Only select [[host (biology)|host]]s can carry each of these [[viral species]]. Also, these other species are particular only to a specific geographic area. Bats are known to be an animal [[Vector (epidemiology)|vector]] for all identified lyssaviruses except the ''[[Mokola virus]]''.<ref>{{cite web |author=WHO Rabnet/CDC Map Production |title=Rabies, countries or areas at risk |date=2008 |publisher=World Health Organization |url=https://www.who.int/rabies/Global_Rabies_ITH_2008.png |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101009093201/http://www.who.int/rabies/Global_Rabies_ITH_2008.png |archive-date=9 October 2010 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Bat-borne virus]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Further reading ==
{{Refbegin}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Botvinkin AD, Poleschuk EM, Kuzmin IV, Borisova TI, Gazaryan SV, Yager P, Rupprecht CE | title = Novel lyssaviruses isolated from bats in Russia | journal = Emerging Infectious Diseases | volume = 9 | issue = 12 | pages = 1623–1625 | date = December 2003 | pmid = 14720408 | pmc = 3034350 | doi = 10.3201/eid0912.030374 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Arai YT, Kuzmin IV, Kameoka Y, Botvinkin AD | title = New lyssavirus genotype from the Lesser Mouse-eared Bat (Myotis blythi), Kyrghyzstan | journal = Emerging Infectious Diseases | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 333–337 | date = March 2003 | pmid = 12643828 | pmc = 2958534 | doi = 10.3201/eid0903.020252 }}
* {{cite book |author=World Health Organization |title=WHO Expert Consultation on Rabies |url=https://www.who.int/rabies/ExpertConsultationOnRabies.pdf  |series=WHO technical report series |year=2005 |publisher=World Health Organization |location=Geneva, Switzerland |isbn=978-92-4-120931-1}}
{{Refend}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|Lyssavirus}}
* [https://www.bv-brc.org/view/Taxonomy/11270 Rhabdoviridae]
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=11286 Lyssavirus]
* [https://viralzone.expasy.org/22.html '''Viralzone''': Lyssavirus]
* [http://ictvonline.org/virusTaxonomy.asp '''ICTV''']
{{Baltimore classification}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q940434}}

[[Category:Lyssaviruses]]
[[Category:Virus genera]]
[[Category:Chiroptera-borne diseases]]

Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):

Template:; (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:About (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Anglicise rank (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Baltimore (virus classification) (view source) (semi-protected)
Template:Baltimore classification (view source) (semi-protected)
Template:CS1 config (view source) (extended confirmed protected)
Template:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Template:Cbignore (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Citation needed (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite book (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite encyclopedia (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite journal (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite web (view source) (protected)
Template:Cn (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Commons category (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Cs1 config (view source) (extended confirmed protected)
Template:DMCA (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Dated maintenance category (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Dated maintenance category (articles) (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Dead link (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Delink (view source) (protected)
Template:Don't edit this line always display (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Don't edit this line extinct (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Don't edit this line link target (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Don't edit this line link text (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Don't edit this line parent (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Don't edit this line rank (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Don't edit this line same as (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Edit taxonomy (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:FULLROOTPAGENAME (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Fix (view source) (protected)
Template:Fix/category (view source) (protected)
Template:Hlist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:Is italic taxon (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:L&S (edit)
Template:LSJ (view source) (semi-protected)
Template:Lang (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Main other (view source) (protected)
Template:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Navbox with collapsible groups (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Ns has subpages (view source) (protected)
Template:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Template:Plainlist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:Principal rank (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Px2 (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Refbegin (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Refbegin/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Refend (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Reflist (view source) (protected)
Template:Reflist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:Replace (view source) (protected)
Template:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Template:Short description (view source) (protected)
Template:Short description/lowercasecheck (view source) (protected)
Template:Side box (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Sister project (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Sister project/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Str left (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Taxobox/Error colour (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Taxobox/core (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Taxobox/core/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Taxobox colour (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Taxon info (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Taxonbar (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Taxonbar/candidate (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Taxonomy/Haploviricotina (edit)
Template:Taxonomy/Life (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Taxonomy/Lyssavirus (edit)
Template:Taxonomy/Monjiviricetes (edit)
Template:Taxonomy/Mononegavirales (edit)
Template:Taxonomy/Negarnaviricota (edit)
Template:Taxonomy/Orthornavirae (edit)
Template:Taxonomy/Rhabdoviridae (edit)
Template:Taxonomy/Riboviria (edit)
Template:Taxonomy/Virus (view source) (semi-protected)
Template:Two pixel space (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Use dmy dates (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Virusbox (view source) (semi-protected)
Template:Zero width joiner (view source) (extended confirmed protected)
Module:About (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Arguments (view source) (protected)
Module:Autotaxobox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Autovirusbox (view source) (semi-protected)
Module:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/blacklist (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/shared (view source) (protected)
Module:Check for unknown parameters (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1 (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/COinS (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Delink (view source) (protected)
Module:Disambiguation/templates (view source) (protected)
Module:Exponential search (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Format link (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Hatnote (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Hatnote/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Hatnote list (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:InfoboxImage (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Italic title (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang/ISO 639 synonyms (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang/configuration (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang/data/iana languages (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang/data/iana regions (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang/data/iana scripts (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang/data/iana suppressed scripts (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang/data/iana variants (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Namespace detect/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/configuration (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox with collapsible groups (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox with collapsible groups/configuration (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Ns has subpages (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/disambiguation (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/rfd (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/setindex (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/softredirect (view source) (protected)
Module:ResolveEntityId (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Module:Side box (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Side box/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:String (view source) (protected)
Module:TableTools (view source) (protected)
Module:TaxonItalics (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Taxonbar (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Taxonbar/candidate (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Taxonbar/conf (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Taxonbar/exists (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Taxonbar/whitelist (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Template redirect regex (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Unicode data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Unicode data/scripts (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Unsubst (view source) (protected)
Module:WikidataIB (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:WikidataIB/nolinks (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:WikidataIB/titleformats (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Wikitext Parsing (view source) (protected)
Module:Yesno (view source) (protected)

Return to Lyssavirus.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyssavirus"