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Further services are very often given by lay readers or other non-ordained members of the church community (most often called assistant readers).
In the [[Church of England]], the [[legal right]] to appoint or recommend a parish [[priest]] is called an [[advowson]], and its possessor is known as a [[Patronage#Anglican|patron]]. The patron can be a person or else or jointly or by rotation, [[the Crown]], a [[bishop]], a [[Educational institution|college]], other Christian body, or a [[Charitable organization|charity]]. Appointment (being invested as) a parish priest gave the incumbent many more privileges than today of having their [[benefice]] also termed a living – notably a wide range of lower to upper middle class incomes, depending on the type of benefice, hence most old summaries of parishes state the gross or net value of a living, whether present or in the Tudor-period King's Books which is an indicative starting point. The strength of the rights waned markedly after the [[Tudor period]]. However, Oxford and Cambridge colleges if enjoying status as improprietors of the foregoing rectory of the parish would often nominate a candidate theologian to the diocesan bishop. Appointment is governed under the Patronage (Benefices) Rules 1987.<ref name="opsi">{{cite web|url=http://www.opsi.gov.uk/si/si1987/Uksi_19870773_en_1.htm|website=opsi.gov.uk|title=The Patronage (Benefices) Rules 1987|access-date=2018-10-26}}</ref>
Until the 19th century rise of literacy especially, such patronage (advowson) might well help sway local opinions. However, a patron's candidate has always had to be approved by the [[diocesan bishop]].
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