Endothelin 1

EDN1
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1EDN, 1EDP, 1T7H, 1V6R, 6DK5, 5GLH
Identifiers
Aliases	EDN1, ARCND3, ET1, HDLCQ7, QME, endothelin 1, PPET1
External IDs	MGI: 95283; HomoloGene: 1476; GeneCards: EDN1; OMA:EDN1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 6 (human)
End	12,297,194 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 13 (mouse)
End	42,461,466 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	lower lobe of lung; ; buccal mucosa cell; ; right lung; ; subcutaneous adipose tissue; ; upper lobe of left lung; ; skin of hip; ; human penis; ; islet of Langerhans; ; tibial nerve; ; rectum;
	Top expressed in
	pharynx; ; vasculature of trunk; ; aortic arches; ; right lung lobe; ; dorsal aorta; ; endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel; ; left colon; ; vascular endothelium; ; left lung lobe; ; external carotid artery;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	hormone activity; signaling receptor binding; cytokine activity; endothelin B receptor binding; protein binding; endothelin A receptor binding;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; Weibel-Palade body; basal part of cell; extracellular region; rough endoplasmic reticulum lumen; extracellular space; transport vesicle;
Biological process	skeletal system development; response to amino acid; positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration involved in phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled signaling pathway; positive regulation of MAP kinase activity; regulation of sensory perception of pain; vasoconstriction; body fluid secretion; positive regulation of sarcomere organization; positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy; cell surface receptor signaling pathway; multicellular organism aging; artery smooth muscle contraction; cellular response to interferon-gamma; positive regulation of chemokine-mediated signaling pathway; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling; response to leptin; positive regulation of mitotic nuclear division; cellular response to hypoxia; response to muscle stretch; cellular response to calcium ion; cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus; positive regulation of renal sodium excretion; blood vessel morphogenesis; negative regulation of blood coagulation; response to nicotine; in utero embryonic development; neutrophil chemotaxis; heart development; positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion; vein smooth muscle contraction; cartilage development; rhythmic excitation; protein kinase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; cellular response to glucocorticoid stimulus; branching involved in blood vessel morphogenesis; negative regulation of hormone secretion; positive regulation of smooth muscle contraction; negative regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process; positive regulation of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity; positive regulation of urine volume; positive regulation of JUN kinase activity; leukocyte activation; membrane depolarization; negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; response to ozone; respiratory gaseous exchange by respiratory system; positive regulation of heart rate; regulation of blood pressure; response to lipopolysaccharide; response to prostaglandin F; regulation of vasoconstriction; cellular response to interleukin-1; response to salt; positive regulation of cell size; middle ear morphogenesis; sensory perception of pain; prostaglandin biosynthetic process; dorsal/ventral pattern formation; phospholipase D-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of odontogenesis; regulation of pH; positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation; protein kinase C deactivation; histamine secretion; maternal process involved in parturition; intracellular signal transduction; response to hypoxia; neural crest cell development; regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by endothelin; nitric oxide transport; positive regulation of cell migration; response to testosterone; positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration; epithelial fluid transport; positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process; cell-cell signaling; cellular response to tumor necrosis factor; response to activity; response to dexamethasone; superoxide anion generation; positive regulation of endothelial cell migration; cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus; cellular response to fatty acid; peptide hormone secretion; cellular response to mineralocorticoid stimulus; positive regulation of cell population proliferation; inositol phosphate-mediated signaling; positive regulation of hormone secretion; negative regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process; calcium-mediated signaling; response to transforming growth factor beta; positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity; positive regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development; positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis; regulation of signaling receptor activity; G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; regulation of glucose transmembrane transport; negative regulation of gene expression; positive regulation of NIK/NF-kappaB signaling; positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	1906
	13614
	ENSG00000078401
	ENSMUSG00000021367
	P05305
	P22387
	NM_001168319; NM_001955
	NM_010104
	NP_001161791; NP_001946; NP_001161791; NP_001946
	NP_034234
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Endothelin 1 (ET-1), also known as preproendothelin-1 (PPET1), is a potent vasoconstrictor peptide produced by vascular endothelial cells,^[5] as well as by cells in the heart (affecting contractility) and kidney (affecting sodium handling).^[6] The protein encoded by this gene – EDN1 – is proteolytically processed to release endothelin 1. Endothelin 1 is one of three isoforms of human endothelin.

Sources

Preproendothelin is precursor of the peptide ET-1. Endothelial cells convert preproendothelin to proendothelin and subsequently to mature endothelin, which the cells release.^[5]^[7]

Clinical significance

Patients with salt-sensitive hypertension have higher plasma ET-1.^[6] Endothelin-1 receptor antagonists (Bosentan) are used in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension.^[5] Use of these antagonists prevents pulmonary arterial constriction and thus inhibits pulmonary hypertension.^[5]

As of 2020, the role of endothelin-1 in affecting lipid metabolism and insulin resistance in obesity mechanisms was under clinical research.^[8]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000078401 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000021367 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Davenport AP, Hyndman KA, Dhaun N, Southan C, Kohan DE, Pollock JS, et al. (April 2016). "Endothelin". Pharmacological Reviews. 68 (2): 357–418. doi:10.1124/pr.115.011833. PMC 4815360. PMID 26956245.
^ ^a ^b Jankowich M, Choudhary G (2020). "Endothelin-1 levels and cardiovascular events". Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine. 30 (1): 1–8. doi:10.1016/j.tcm.2019.01.007. PMID 30765295.
^ Boulpaep EL, Boron WF (2009). Medical physiology: a cellular and molecular approach. Saunders/Elsevier. ISBN 978-1-4160-3115-4.
^ Jenkins HN, Rivera-Gonzalez O, Gibert Y, Speed JS (December 2020). "Endothelin-1 in the pathophysiology of obesity and insulin resistance". Obesity Reviews. 21 (12): e13086. doi:10.1111/obr.13086. PMC 7669671. PMID 32627269.

External links

Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: P05305 (Endothelin-1) at the PDBe-KB.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

This article on a gene on human chromosome 6 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000078401 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000021367 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[dav-5] Davenport AP, Hyndman KA, Dhaun N, Southan C, Kohan DE, Pollock JS, et al. (April 2016). "Endothelin". Pharmacological Reviews. 68 (2): 357–418. doi:10.1124/pr.115.011833. PMC 4815360. PMID 26956245.

[pmid30765295-6] Jankowich M, Choudhary G (2020). "Endothelin-1 levels and cardiovascular events". Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine. 30 (1): 1–8. doi:10.1016/j.tcm.2019.01.007. PMID 30765295.

[isbn1-4160-3115-4-7] Boulpaep EL, Boron WF (2009). Medical physiology: a cellular and molecular approach. Saunders/Elsevier. ISBN 978-1-4160-3115-4.

[jenkins-8] Jenkins HN, Rivera-Gonzalez O, Gibert Y, Speed JS (December 2020). "Endothelin-1 in the pathophysiology of obesity and insulin resistance". Obesity Reviews. 21 (12): e13086. doi:10.1111/obr.13086. PMC 7669671. PMID 32627269.

[5]