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Rome Fiumicino Airport

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Leonardo da Vinci Rome Fiumicino Airport (Italian: Aeroporto Leonardo da Vinci di Roma–Fiumicino) (IATA: FCO, ICAO: LIRF) is an international airport in Fiumicino, Italy, serving Rome. It is the busiest airport in the country, the 9th-busiest airport in Europe and the world's 46th-busiest airport with over 40.5 million passengers served in 2023.[2] It covers an area of 16 square kilometres (6.2 sq mi).[3]

Leonardo da Vinci
Rome Fiumicino Airport

Aeroporto Internazionale di
Roma-Fiumicino "Leonardo da Vinci"
Summary
Airport typePublic
OwnerMundys
OperatorAeroporti di Roma
ServesRome metropolitan area
LocationFiumicino, Lazio, Italy
Opened15 January 1961; 63 years ago (1961-01-15)
Hub for
Operating base for
Elevation AMSL15 ft / 5 m
Coordinates41°48′01″N 012°14′20″E / 41.80028°N 12.23889°E / 41.80028; 12.23889
Websiteadr.it
Maps
Airport map
Airport map
Map
Click on the map to see marker
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
07/25 3,800 12,467 Asphalt
16R/34L 3,900 12,795 Asphalt
16L/34R 3,900 12,795 Asphalt
Statistics (2023)
Passengers40 545 240
Passenger change 22–23Increase 38.1%
Aircraft movement266,489
Movements change 22–23Increase 25.4%
Cargo (tons)25,862,550
Cargo change 22–23Increase 33.2%
Source:[1]

Rome-Fiumicino Airport "Leonardo da Vinci" serves as the principal hub for ITA Airways, the Italian flag carrier and the largest airline in the country. It was previously the hub for Alitalia, the defunct airline that was Italy's largest. It is also an operating base for several other airlines, such as Neos, AeroItalia, Ryanair, Vueling and Wizz Air.

Opened in 1961, it is in Fiumicino, 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of Rome, and is named for Italian polymath Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519). Reproductions of some of his most famous works and inventions are on display inside the airport.

History

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Check-in hall at Fiumicino in 1964
 
Air traffic control tower
 
Interior of Terminal 1
 
Aerial view of the Satellite Ovest, Terminal 3

Early years

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During construction, the remains of some Roman ships were found.[4]

The airport was officially opened on 15 January 1961, with two runways, replacing the smaller Rome Ciampino Airport, which remains in service for some low-cost airlines as well as domestic and charter operations. Despite being officially opened in 1961, Leonardo da Vinci–Fiumicino Airport had actually been in use since 20 August 1960. This was to help relieve air traffic that was congesting Rome Ciampino Airport during the 1960 Summer Olympics.[5]

During the 1960s, former home-based Alitalia invested heavily in the new airport, building hangars and maintenance centres; in the same period a third runway was added (16L/34R).

Later development

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Security Services transferred from the Polizia di Stato (Italian State Police) to Aeroporti di Roma S.p.A. in 2000. Aeroporti di Roma created ADR Security S.r.l. (100%-owned) to provide these services as well as security services to airlines (in competition with other security companies such as IVRI). Airport Security is supervised by Polizia di Stato, Guardia di Finanza (Italian Customs Police), Italian Civil Aviation Authority and Aeroporti di Roma S.p.A..[citation needed] Ground handling services were provided by Aeroporti di Roma until 1999, when it created Aeroporti di Roma Handling (to serve all airlines except for Alitalia, which continued to be handled by Aeroporti di Roma itself). Alitalia provided passenger assistance even before 1999. In 2001, Alitalia created "Alitalia Airport" and started providing ground handling for itself and other airlines. Aeroporti di Roma Handling remains the biggest handler in terms of airlines handled, but Alitalia Airport is the biggest handler in terms of airplanes handled as Alitalia aircraft account for 50% of the ones at Fiumicino. In May 2006, Italy's Civil Aviation Authority announced that it took off the limitation of three ramp handlers in Rome Leonardo da Vinci airport. ARE Group and Aviapartner announced that they would create a company called Aviapartner (51% Aviapartner; 49% ARE Group) to serve Milan Malpensa and Rome Leonardo da Vinci.[citation needed]

Since 2005, the airport operates a category III B instrument landing system (ILS). Further improvement work was implemented in 2007 to enable the airport to handle 30 takeoffs/landings per hour, up from 10, in the event of thick fog. Three runways presently operate at Leonardo da Vinci airport: 16L/34R and 16R/34L (separated by a distance of 4,000 m (13,000 ft)), and 07/25, used only westwards for takeoffs owing to the prevailing winds. The airport used to have a fourth runway, 16C/34C which was located alongside 16L/34R, it was mostly used as a taxiway or as a backup for 16L/34R; the runway is now designated as Taxiway "D".[6]

In 2010, the new single baggage handling system for more efficient luggage delivery began operations.

Several projects are planned. These include the construction of an environmentally-friendly cogeneration system, which would allow the airport to produce its own energy; the "Masterplan Fiumicino Nord", involving four new terminals and two new runways to be built in the future handling 100 million passengers per year.[citation needed]

Terrorist attacks

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See also: 1973 Rome airport attacks and hijacking and 1985 Rome and Vienna airport attacks

Rome-Fiumicino airport has been hit twice by terrorist attacks: the first in 1973 (34 deaths) following the expulsion of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) from Jordan and the Jordanian-Palestinian civil war, and the second in 1985 (19 deaths +4 terrorists) part of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, presumably linked to Abu Nidal Organization.[7][8]

Terminals

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Overview

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As of 2021, after major expansion and refurbishment works, the airport now features two terminals:

  • Terminal 1 (Gates A1–A83)[9] home base to ITA Airways
  • Terminal 3 (Gates E1–E52)[9] is the largest terminal. It also incorporates the former Terminal 5 as well as the satellite building for non-Schengen departures. A new central airside hall has been built as its middle part in recent years.

Development

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The terminals were upgraded during the 1990s and 2000s.[10] In 1991, the domestic Pier A with 12 gates opened, followed in 1995 by the international Pier B with 10 gates and in 1999 by the international Satellite C with 14 gates. In 2000, the new domestic Terminal A opened, and the terminal buildings, then consisting of Terminal A (with Pier A), Terminal AA, Terminal B (with Pier B) and Terminal C (with Satellite C), were reorganized.[citation needed]

The dedicated Cargo City terminal was added in 2004, while the check-in counters for Northwest Airlines, Delta Air Lines, Continental Airlines, United Airlines, US Airways, American Airlines and El Al in Terminal 5 opened in 2008, with passengers then being bused to what was then called Satellite C.[citation needed]

In 2009, the terminals were renamed. Terminal A was renamed Terminal 1, Terminal AA was renamed T2, Terminals B and C were consolidated into Terminal 3, and Terminal 5 remained unchanged.[citation needed]

In January 2017, Terminal 5 was closed for renovations; a new central airside hall is currently being built in the middle section. The former Terminal 2 closed permanently on 15 December 2017 to make way for the north-west expansion of Terminal 1. A new three-storey boarding and waiting area, as well as a new Pier A with 13 boarding and 10 remote gates, have been built.[11][12]

From 17 March 2020 to 6 August 2021, Terminal 1 was closed due to decreased passenger traffic amidst the COVID-19 pandemic;[13] this pause was used to perform a redesign of the main hall layout, which increased the available passenger space.[11]

Future plans include a new Terminal 4, expansion of runways, and new buildings for car parking, services, and airport facilities.[14][15][16]

SkyBridge

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An automated people mover (APM) called SkyBridge (Innovia APM 100) opened in 1999 along with the Satellite C.[17] It consists of two stations, one on the third floor of Terminal 3, and the other on the second floor of gate area E31–44. This shuttle train is the only means of transport for passengers between the two sections of the terminal. The westbound service, from T3 to Gates E31–44, is for departing passengers only, while the eastbound service is for arriving passengers only. Arriving passengers are not permitted to take the train back, as they need to pass through a transfer security checkpoint to re-enter the departure area. Likewise, departing passengers are not permitted to take the train back to Terminal 3.

Airlines and destinations

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The following airlines operate regular scheduled, seasonal and charter flights to and from Fiumicino:[18]

AirlinesDestinationsRefs
Aegean Airlines Athens, Larnaca (begins 1 April 2025),[19] Thessaloniki [20]
Aer Lingus Dublin
AeroItalia Bergamo,[21] Brno (begins 23 March 2025),[22] Catania, Comiso, Lublin (begins 22 March 2025), Olbia, Palermo[23]
Aerolíneas Argentinas Buenos Aires–Ezeiza
Aeroméxico Mexico City [24]
Air Algérie Algiers
Air Cairo Sharm El Sheikh
Seasonal: Luxor[citation needed] 		[25]
Air Canada Montréal–Trudeau, Toronto–Pearson
Air China Beijing–Capital, Hangzhou [26]
Air Corsica Seasonal: Ajaccio,[citation needed] Bastia[citation needed] [27]
Air Europa Madrid [28]
Air France Paris–Charles de Gaulle [29]
Air Montenegro Podgorica [30]
Air Mountain Seasonal: Sion[citation needed]
Air Serbia Belgrade [31]
Air Transat Seasonal: Montréal–Trudeau,[citation needed] Toronto–Pearson[citation needed] [32]
airBaltic Riga
AJet Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen [33][34]
American Airlines Philadelphia[35]
Seasonal: Charlotte,[citation needed] Chicago–O'Hare,[citation needed] Dallas/Fort Worth,[35] Miami (begins 5 June 2025),[35] New York–JFK[35]
Arkia Tel Aviv [36]
Asiana Airlines Seoul–Incheon
Austrian Airlines Vienna [37]
Biman Bangladesh Airlines Dhaka [38]
British Airways London–Heathrow [39]
Brussels Airlines Brussels [40]
Bulgaria Air Sofia [41]
China Airlines Taipei–Taoyuan [42]
China Eastern Airlines Shanghai–Pudong,[43] Wenzhou
China Southern Airlines Guangzhou [44]
Condor Frankfurt (begins 1 May 2025) [45]
Croatia Airlines Split, Zagreb[46]
Seasonal: Dubrovnik[citation needed]
Cyprus Airways Seasonal: Larnaca[citation needed] [47]
Dan Air Bacău [48]
Delta Air Lines Atlanta, New York–JFK
Seasonal: Boston,[citation needed] Detroit,[citation needed] Minneapolis/St. Paul (resumes 24 May 2025)[49]
easyJet Basel/Mulhouse, Berlin, Bordeaux (begins 21 February 2025),[50] Bristol, Brussels (begins 30 March 2025),[51] Frankfurt (begins 30 March 2025),[51] Geneva, Hamburg (begins 30 March 2025),[51] London–Gatwick, Lyon, Manchester, Munich (begins 30 March 2025),[51] Nantes, Nice, Paris–Orly, Zürich (begins 30 March 2025),[51]
Egyptair Cairo
El Al Tel Aviv [52]
Emirates Dubai–International
Ethiopian Airlines Addis Ababa [53][54]
Etihad Airways Abu Dhabi [55][56]
Eurowings Cologne/Bonn, Düsseldorf, Hamburg, Prague, Stuttgart
Seasonal: Nuremberg[57] 		[58]
Finnair Helsinki [59]
Fly Lili Brașov
FlyOne Chișinău [60]
Gulf Air Bahrain
Hainan Airlines Chongqing, Shenzhen
HiSky Chișinău [61]
Iberia Madrid [62]
Icelandair Reykjavik–Keflavík [63]
Israir Airlines Seasonal: Tel Aviv[citation needed] [64]
ITA Airways Accra, Alghero, Algiers, Amsterdam, Athens, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,[65] Barcelona, Bari, Bologna, Boston, Brindisi, Brussels, Buenos Aires–Ezeiza, Cagliari, Cairo, Catania, Dakar–Diass, Delhi, Dubai–International,[66] Florence, Frankfurt, Geneva, Genoa, Jeddah, [67] Lamezia Terme, London–City,[68] Los Angeles, Madrid, Miami, Milan–Linate, Munich, Naples, New York–JFK, Nice, Palermo, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Reggio Calabria, Rio de Janeiro–Galeão, Riyadh, São Paulo–Guarulhos, Tel Aviv, Tokyo–Haneda, Trieste, Tripoli–Mitiga (begins 12 January 2025),[69] Tunis, Turin, Venice, Zürich
Seasonal: Chicago–O'Hare,[citation needed] Corfu,[citation needed] Heraklion,[citation needed] Ibiza,[citation needed] Kefalonia,[citation needed] Lampedusa,[citation needed] Malé,[citation needed] Malta,[citation needed] Menorca,[citation needed] Palma de Mallorca,[citation needed] Pantelleria,[70] Rhodes,[citation needed] San Francisco,[citation needed] Sofia,[citation needed] Split[citation needed], Tirana,[71] Toronto–Pearson,[citation needed] Washington–Dulles[72]
Charter: Fort-de-France,[citation needed] Sharm El Sheikh[citation needed] 		[73][74][75]
Jet2.com Birmingham,[76] Edinburgh,[77] Glasgow, Leeds/Bradford, London–Stansted, Manchester, Newcastle upon Tyne [78]
KLM Amsterdam [79]
KM Malta Airlines Malta [80][81]
Korean Air Seoul–Incheon [82]
Kuwait Airways Kuwait City
LATAM Brasil São Paulo–Guarulhos
LOT Polish Airlines Warsaw–Chopin, Warsaw–Radom[83]
Lufthansa Frankfurt, Munich [84]
Luxair Luxembourg
MedSky Airways Tripoli–Mitiga
Middle East Airlines Beirut
Neos Amritsar, Boa Vista, Dakar–Diass, Havana, Malé, Marsa Alam, Mombasa, Sal, Sharm El Sheikh, Tenerife–South
Seasonal: Cancún (begins 22 December 2024),[85] Djerba,[citation needed] Fuerteventura,[citation needed] Heraklion,[citation needed] Ibiza,[citation needed] Karpathos,[citation needed] La Romana,[citation needed] Marsa Matruh,[citation needed] Mauritius,[citation needed] Menorca,[citation needed] Monastir,[citation needed] Mykonos,[citation needed] Nosy Be,[citation needed] Palma de Mallorca,[citation needed] Rhodes,[citation needed] Salalah,[citation needed] Zanzibar[citation needed] 		[86]
Nile Air Seasonal charter: Cairo,[citation needed] Luxor[citation needed] [87]
Norse Atlantic Airways Seasonal: Los Angeles (begins 1 April 2025),[88] New York–JFK[citation needed] [89][90]
Norwegian Air Shuttle Copenhagen, Oslo, Stockholm–Arlanda
Seasonal: Bergen[citation needed]
Oman Air Muscat (begins 20 December 2024) [91]
Pegasus Airlines Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen
Qantas Seasonal: Perth,[92] Sydney[citation needed]
Qatar Airways Doha [93]
Royal Air Maroc Casablanca
Royal Jordanian Amman–Queen Alia [94]
Ryanair Alicante, Asturias, Athens, Barcelona, Bari, Beauvais,[95] Berlin, Brindisi, Brussels, Catania, Charleroi (begins 30 March 2025),[96] Cologne/Bonn, Copenhagen, Dublin, Eindhoven, Faro,[97] Gothenburg,[98] Gran Canaria, Hahn, Katowice,[99] Lisbon,[98] Madrid, Málaga, Malta,[98] Marseille, Memmingen, Palermo, Paphos,[100] Porto,[101] Santander, Seville,[101] Stockholm–Arlanda, Tel Aviv, Tenerife–South, Thessaloniki (begins 30 March 2025),[96] Toulouse, Trapani, Valencia, Vienna, Vilnius, Wrocław,[102] Zagreb[103]
Seasonal: Billund,[citation needed] Chania,[citation needed] Corfu (begins 3 May 2025),[96] Dubrovnik,[104] Fuerteventura,[citation needed] Ibiza,[citation needed] Kefalonia,[citation needed] Kos,[citation needed] Menorca,[citation needed] Palma de Mallorca,[105] Preveza,[citation needed] Rhodes (begins 1 May 2025),[96] Santorini,[citation needed] Skiathos,[citation needed] Split,[citation needed] Zadar (begins 3 May 2025),[96] Zakynthos[citation needed] 		[106][107][108][109]
Saudia Jeddah,[110] Riyadh[110]
Scandinavian Airlines Copenhagen,[111] Stockholm–Arlanda
Seasonal: Oslo[112]
Sichuan Airlines Chengdu–Tianfu [113]
Singapore Airlines Singapore [114]
Sky Alps Ancona (ends 31 January 2025),[115] Crotone,[116] Cuneo,[117] Verona[118]
Seasonal: Mostar[citation needed]
Sky Express Athens [119]
SpiceJet Seasonal: Amritsar[citation needed] [120]
SunExpress Seasonal: İzmir[citation needed] [121]
Swiss International Air Lines Zürich [122]
TAP Air Portugal Lisbon
TAROM Bucharest–Otopeni [123]
Transavia Nantes, Paris–Orly, Rotterdam/The Hague
Seasonal: Montpellier[citation needed]
Tunisair Tunis
Turkish Airlines Istanbul
T'way Air Seoul–Incheon [124]
United Airlines Newark, Washington–Dulles
Seasonal: Chicago–O'Hare,[citation needed] San Francisco[citation needed]
Uzbekistan Airways Tashkent, Urgench (resumes 30 March 2025) [125]
Volotea Bordeaux, Nantes, Strasbourg
Seasonal: Bilbao,[citation needed] Brest,[126] Lille,[citation needed] Lourdes,[citation needed] Olbia[citation needed] 		[127]
Vueling Alicante, Barcelona, London–Gatwick, Málaga, Paris–Orly, Valencia
Seasonal: Bilbao,[citation needed] Dubrovnik,[citation needed] Ibiza,[citation needed] Mykonos,[citation needed] Palma de Mallorca,[citation needed] Santorini,[citation needed] Split[citation needed] 		[128]
WestJet Seasonal: Calgary[citation needed] [129]
Wizz Air Abu Dhabi (ends 13 January 2025),[130] Alicante,[131] Bacău,[132] Baku, Barcelona, Basel/Mulhouse, Berlin,[131] Bucharest–Otopeni, Budapest, Castellón, Chișinău,[133] Cluj-Napoca,[134] Dammam, Dortmund, Eindhoven, Funchal, Gdańsk,[131][135] Giza, Gothenburg, Gran Canaria (begins 1 February 2025),[131][136] Hamburg,[131] Iași, Jeddah, Kraków, Larnaca, Lisbon,[137] London–Gatwick, Lyon, Madrid, Málaga, Memmingen, Nice, Paris–Orly, Porto, Poznań,[138] Prague, Riyadh (ends 12 January 2025), Rzeszów, Sarajevo, Seville, Sharm El Sheikh, Sofia (ends 28 March 2025), Suceava, Tel Aviv,[139] Tenerife–South, Tirana, Turku, Valencia, Vienna, Vilnius, Warsaw–Chopin, Yerevan
Seasonal: Corfu,[citation needed] Heraklion,[citation needed] Ibiza,[citation needed] Kos,[citation needed] Lampedusa,[citation needed] Marrakesh,[citation needed] Marsa Alam,[140] Mykonos,[citation needed] Palma de Mallorca,[citation needed] Santorini,[citation needed] Skiathos,[citation needed] Split,[citation needed] Zakynthos[citation needed] 		[141]

Statistics

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Graph

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Annual passenger traffic on the two Rome airports. See Wikidata query.

Busiest domestic routes

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Busiest domestic routes from/to Rome–Fiumicino (2023)[142]
Rank Rank
(v. 2022)		 Airport Passengers Airline(s)
1  

Catania, Sicily

  1,559,129

Aeroitalia, ITA Airways, Ryanair

2  

Palermo, Sicily

  1,392,419

Aeroitalia, ITA Airways, Ryanair

3   1

Milan-Linate, Lombardy

  870,619

ITA Airways

4   1

Cagliari, Sardinia

  720,227

ITA Airways

5  

Bari, Apulia

  624,548

ITA Airways, Ryanair

6  

Brindisi, Apulia

  448,344

ITA Airways, Ryanair

7  

Olbia, Sardinia

  396,178

Aeroitalia, Volotea

8   3

Turin, Piedmont

  331,136

ITA Airways

9   3

Venice, Veneto

  322,263

ITA Airways

10  

Genoa, Liguria

  298,846

ITA Airways

Busiest European routes

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Busiest European routes from/to Rome–Fiumicino (2023)[142]
Rank Rank
(v. 2022)		 Airport Passengers Airline(s)
1  

  Madrid, Spain

  1,751,366

Air Europa, Iberia, ITA Airways, Wizz Air

2  

  Barcelona, Spain

  1,484,641

ITA Airways, Ryanair, Vueling, Wizz Air

3   2

  Paris–Orly, France

  1,092,396

easyJet, Transavia, Vueling, Wizz Air

4   1

  Paris–Charles de Gaulle, France

  929,334

ITA Airways, Air France

5   3

  London-Gatwick, United Kingdom

  797,330

easyJet, Vueling, Wizz Air

6  

  Athens, Greece

  746,210

Aegean Airlines, ITA Airways, Ryanair, Sky Express

7  

  London–Heathrow, United Kingdom

  722,036

ITA Airways, British Airways

8   4

  Amsterdam, Netherlands

  732,897

ITA Airways, KLM

9  

  Brussels, Belgium

  606,155

Brussels Airlines, ITA Airways, Ryanair

10   1

  Frankfurt, Germany

  569,076

ITA Airways, Lufthansa

11   1

  Munich, Germany

  568,457

ITA Airways, Lufthansa

12  

  Vienna, Austria

  553,646

Austrian Airlines, Ryanair, Wizz Air

13  

  Istanbul, Turkey

  476,857

Turkish Airlines

14  

  Lisbon, Portugal

  441,989

Ryanair, TAP Air Portugal

15   1

  Zürich, Switzerland

  449,450

ITA Airways, Swiss International Air Lines

16   6

  Dublin, Ireland

  432,117

Aer Lingus, Ryanair

17   1

  Nice, France

  390,372

ITA Airways, easyJet, Wizz Air

18   3

  Prague, Czech Republic

  388,174

Eurowings, Ryanair, Wizz Air

19   6

  Valencia, Spain

  376,570

Ryanair, Vueling, Wizz Air

20   1

  Tirana, Albania

  349,489

ITA Airways, Air Albania, Wizz Air

Busiest intercontinental routes

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Busiest intercontinental routes from/to Rome–Fiumicino (2023)[142]
Rank Rank
(v. 2022)		 Airport Passengers Airline(s)
1  

  New York–JFK, United States

  981,030

ITA Airways, American Airlines, Delta Air Lines, Norse Atlantic Airways

2  

  Tel Aviv, Israel

  579,317

ITA Airways, El Al, Vueling, Ryanair

3  

  Dubai–International, United Arab Emirates

  520,871

Emirates

4  

  Doha, Qatar

  426,492

Qatar Airways

5   11

  Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

  366,058

Etihad Airways

6   8

  São Paulo–Guarulhos, Brazil

  351,907

ITA Airways, LATAM Brasil

7   5

  Buenos Aires–Ezeiza, Argentina

  316,967

Aerolíneas Argentinas, ITA Airways

8   1

  Toronto–Pearson, Canada

  312,095

Air Canada, Air Transat, ITA Airways

9   6

  Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen, Turkey

  308,053

Pegasus Airlines, Turkish Airlines

10   4

  Atlanta, United States

  291,981

Delta Air Lines

11   6

  Newark, United States

  279,049

United Airlines

12   16

  Seoul–Incheon, South Korea

  266,282

Asiana Airlines, Korean Air

13   5

  Montréal–Trudeau, Canada

  264,307

Air Canada, Air Transat

14   1

  Cairo, Egypt

  257,794

ITA Airways, EgyptAir

15   5

  Chicago–O'Hare, United States

  266,117

American Airlines, United Airlines

16   7

  Boston, United States

  216,286

Delta Air Lines, ITA Airways

17   6

  Tunis, Tunisia

  195,603

ITA Airways, Tunisair

18   4

  Washington–Dulles, United States

  192,329

ITA Airways, United Airlines

19   1

  Dallas, United States

  180,299

American Airlines

20   2

  Miami, United States

  168,185

ITA Airways

Ground transportation

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Fiumicino Aeroporto railway station. On the left is the Leonardo Express and on the right is the FL1 line of the Lazio regional railways.
 
The high-speed train Frecciarossa 1000 at the station
 
Leonardo da Vinci Airport welcome signboard from the A91 highway

Leonardo Express

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Fiumicino Aeroporto railway station is served by the Leonardo Express train operated by Trenitalia, available at the airport terminal. It takes 30 minutes to get to Termini Station in the city center of Rome, with a non-stop trip that is provided every 15 minutes.[143] The railway section to the airport was opened in May 1990, and uses the Rome-Fiumicino railway infrastructure.[144]

FL lines

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Leonardo da Vinci airport is also connected to Rome by the FL1 line, a suburban commuter and rapid transit line. Departing every 15 minutes, stopping at all stations. The FL1 line does not stop at Termini station, connects the airport with the other main stations of Rome where it is possible to change to the metro network, Trastevere (Tram lines 3 and 8), Ostiense (Metro Piramide), Tuscolana (Metro Ponte Lungo) or Roma Tiburtina (Metro Tiburtina).[145]

High-speed

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The airport is also connected to the Italian high-speed network, the following connections depart from Fiumicino Aeroporto station:[146]

Road

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Leonardo da Vinci is about 35 km (22 mi) by car from Rome's historic city centre. The airport is also served by different categories of transport: buses, shuttle buses, car sharing and taxis.

The airport is a terminus for local and national bus lines:

Added to these are the national connections operated by the companies Flixbus and Itabus.

It can be reached from the highways:

And also from the following streets:

Rome Fiumicino airport is equipped with:

  • Multi-storey car parks P-Terminal (A-B-C-D)
  • Long-term parking
  • Executive parking
  • Parking for motorcycles (available on the ground floor of the Multi-storey P-Terminal A).[149]

Leonardo da Vinci has improved the real-time info mobility service that is provided to passengers and airport operators on the leading connections from the airport. This new layout makes it easier for passengers to interpret information on connections to and from the airport. They have also upgraded road surfaces in the arrival areas of Terminal 1 and Terminal 3 to let taxis pull up to the platform more easily and make it easier for passengers to get off.[150]

Incidents and accidents

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From the 1960s until the 1980s, the airport experienced significant aircraft hijackings as well as being the scene of two major terrorist attacks and the port of origin for an aircraft bombing in flight—some engendered by Palestinians as part of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.

  • On 23 November 1964, TWA Flight 800, operated by a Boeing 707, had an engine catch fire during takeoff. 50 of the 73 passengers and crew on board were killed.[citation needed]
  • On 15 January 1973, a number of extremists planned to attack Prime Minister Golda Meir's plane at Fiumicino airport. They placed Strela missiles inside a number of vehicles at certain locations around the airport, but Italian and Israeli authorities were able to intercept them.[151]
  • On 17 December 1973, during the 1973 Rome airport attacks and hijacking, a Boeing 707-321B operating as Pan American World Airways (Pan Am) Flight 110 was attacked by Palestinian assailants. 30 passengers were killed when phosphorus bombs were thrown aboard the aircraft as it was preparing for departure.[152] During the same incident a Lufthansa Boeing 737 (D-ABEY)[153] was hijacked and landed at Athens, Damascus and finally in Kuwait. All remaining passengers and crew were then released.[152] Two people died in the incident.[153]
  • On 25 December 1974, while flying from Beirut to Rome, Air India Flight 105, a Boeing 747-237B, was hijacked by a 31-year-old male passenger. The crew was able to subdue the hijacker, who was handed over to top Italian police officers after landing.[154]
  • On 19 November 1977, an Ethiopian Airlines Boeing 707-360C, a cargo flight, crashed after takeoff 0.5 km (0.3 mi) W of FCO. The plane barely gained height after takeoff from runway 25, reaching a height of 7–8 m (23–26 ft), contacting treetops, and struck the ground 280 m (920 ft) further on. All five occupants (three crew, two passengers) were killed. Unconfirmed reports indicated the plane was overloaded.[155]
  • On 27 December 1985, during the Rome and Vienna airport attacks, assailants shot and killed 16 people and wounded 99 others at the check-in counter. Most perpetrators were shot by security and police officers.[citation needed]
  • On 17 October 1988, Uganda Airlines Flight 775 from London Gatwick to Entebbe International Airport via Fiumicino, crashed short of the runway after two missed approaches. Twenty-six of the 45 passengers aboard, as well as all seven crew members, died.[citation needed]
  • On 2 February 2013, Alitalia Flight 1670, operated by a leased ATR 72, en route from Pisa International Airport to Rome, overran the runway during landing. 16 occupants were injured, two of them seriously. The aircraft was subsequently written off.[156][157][158]
  • On 8 June 2013, Wizz Air Flight 3141, an Airbus A320-232 (registration HA-LWM) from Bucharest – Henri Coandă Airport, Romania to Rome-Ciampino, Italy, made an emergency landing at Fiumicino Airport when the crew encountered problems lowering one of the main undercarriages and locking it into position. The aircraft diverted to Fiumicino because of the longer runway, and firefighters applied foam after landing as a precautionary measure. The aircraft was evacuated using slides. Initial reports of injured passengers were denied by both Wizz Air and Rome Fiumicino Airport, who said some passengers requested medical checkups but reported no injuries.[159]
  • On 29 September 2013 at 20:10, an Alitalia Airbus A320 flying from Madrid Barajas Airport to Rome Fiumicino Airport failed to deploy the landing gear during a storm on landing and the aircraft toppled, skidded off the runway, and crashed. Ten passengers suffered minor injuries, and all 151 passengers and crew were evacuated and taken to hospital.[citation needed]

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