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[[File:World heads of state in 1889.jpg|right|thumb|upright=1.35|alt=Photograph of people|Photomontage depicting some of the world's prominent heads of state in 1889]]

In [[international relations]], a '''regional power''' is a [[Sovereign state|state]] that has [[Power (international)|power]] within a [[Geography|geographic]] [[region]].<ref name=es>[http://www.webarchive.org.uk/wayback/archive/20070202120000/http://www.essex.ac.uk/ECPR/events/jointsessions/helsinki/long_ws_outlines/ws9.doc www.essex.ac.uk]</ref><ref name=po>[http://www.giga-hamburg.de/content/forumregional/pdf/giga_conference_RegionalPowers_0612/giga_RegPowers0612_paper_beck.pdf www.giga-hamburg.de]</ref>  States which wield unrivalled power and influence within a region of the world possess [[regional hegemony]].

== Definition ==
[[File:Caricature gillray plumpudding.jpg|right|thumb|upright=1.35|alt=Photograph of people|The Earth is delicious]]

Regional powers shape the [[Polarity (international relations)|polarity]] of a regional area. Typically, regional powers have capabilities which are important in the [[region]] but do not have capabilities at a global scale. Slightly contrasting definitions differ as to what makes a regional power. The [[European Consortium for Political Research]] defines a regional power as: "A state belonging to a geographically defined region, dominating this region in [[economics|economic]] and [[military]] terms, able to exercise [[Hegemony|hegemonic]] [[Power in international relations|influence]] in the region and considerable influence on the world scale, willing to make use of power [[resource (types and developments)|resources]] and recognized or even accepted as the regional leader by its neighbours".<ref name=es/>{{Dead link|date=April 2012}}

The [[German Institute of Global and Area Studies]] states that a regional power must:<ref name=po/>

* form part of a definable region with its own identity
* claim to be a regional power (self-image of a regional power)
* exert decisive influence on the geographic extension of the region as well as on its ideological construction
* dispose over comparatively high [[military]], [[economic]], [[demographics|demographic]], [[politics|political]] and [[ideology|ideological]] capabilities
* be well integrated into the region
* define the regional security agenda to a high degree
* be appreciated as a regional power by other powers in the region and beyond, especially by other regional powers
* be well connected with regional and global fora

==Current regional powers==
Below are states that have been described as regional powers by international relations and [[political science]] [[academics]], analysts, or other experts. These states to some extent meet the criteria to have regional power status, as described above. Different experts have differing views on exactly which states are regional powers. States are arranged by their region, and in alphabetic order. Primary, or major, regional powers are placed in the major regions as identified by analysts. Secondary, or minor, regional powers are listed within their sub regions. Major regional powers in bold, and minor regional powers in normal font.

===Africa===
[[Nigeria]], [[Egypt]] and [[South Africa]] are generally regarded as the major regional powers in the African continent.

====[[Horn of Africa]]====
* {{flagcountry|Ethiopia}}<ref name="Africa 2006 p. 31">"And in the Horn of Africa, there is Ethiopia as the regional power." See Godfrey Mwakikagile, ''Africa is in a Mess'' (Pretoria: New Africa Press, 2006), p. 31.</ref><ref name="South Africa 2009 p. 263">"Regional powers, typically Nigeria and South Africa, but also including Algeria, Ethiopia, Kenya, and Senegal, that are perceived as crucial to the maintenance of regional stability and therefore as "regional anchors" of counterterrorism effors." See U.S. Naval War College, ''American Foreign Policy: Regional Perspectives'' (Newport, USA: Ruger Workshop: 2009), p. 263.</ref>

====[[East Africa]]====
* {{flagcountry|Kenya}}<ref name="Africa 2006 p. 31"/><ref name="South Africa 2009 p. 263"/>
* {{flag|Tanzania}}<ref name="Magill2014">{{cite book|author=Frank N. Magill|title=The 20th Century Go-N: Dictionary of World Biography|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I3sBAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA2775|year=1999|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-74060-5|pages=2775–}}</ref><ref name="Bizimana1999">{{cite book|author=Ladislas Bizimana|title=Conflict in the African Great Lakes Region: A critical analysis of regional and international involvement|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sqAnjOXk6q4C&pg=PA55|year=1999|publisher=Universidad de Deusto|isbn=978-84-9830-536-4|pages=55–}}</ref>

====[[North Africa]]====
* {{flagcountry|Algeria}}
* '''{{flagcountry|Egypt}}'''{{ref|reference_name_A|a}}<ref name=po/><ref name="The United States and the Great Powers" /><ref>[http://www.defenselink.mil/transcripts/transcript.aspx?transcriptid=1863 www.defenselink.mil]</ref><ref>[http://archive.is/20120529125617/http://www.biu.ac.il/Besa/efraim_inbar/oped050606.doc www.biu.ac.il]</ref>
* {{flagcountry|Morocco}}

====[[Southern Africa]]====
* {{flagcountry|Angola}}<ref>Historical Dictionary of Angola By W. Martin James page 17</ref>
* '''{{flagcountry|South Africa}}'''{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}{{Ref label|BRICS|BRICS}}<ref name="The United States and the Great Powers" /><ref name=ai/><ref>[http://www.iss.co.za/Pubs/ASR/9No3/SAMiddlePower.html www.iss.co.za]{{dead link|date=October 2014}}</ref><ref>"Southern Africa is home to the other of sub-Saharan Africa's regional powers: South Africa. South Africa is more than just a regional power; it is by far the most developed and economically powerful country in Africa, and now it is able to use that influence in Africa more than during the days of apartheid (white rule), when it was ostracized." See David Lynch, ''Trade and Globalization'' (Lanham, USA: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2010), p. 51.</ref>

====[[West Africa]]====
* {{flagcountry|Ghana}}<ref>Zones of Peace in the Third World: South America and West Africa in ...By Arie Marcelo page 144 Kacowicz</ref>
* '''{{flagcountry|Nigeria}}'''<ref>"West Africa, with its strong French influence, is home to one of Africa's two regional giants, Nigeria, and the region has seen the scene of much political and ethnic unrest." See David Lynch, ''Trade and Globalization'' (Lanham, USA: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2010), p. 51.</ref><ref>"South Africa is not the sole regional power on the continent, though; Nigeria is the other widely acknowledge centre of power in Africa and likewise a sub-regional superpower in West Africa." See Deon Geldenhuys, "South Africa: The Idea-driven Foreign Policy of a Regional Power," in ''Regional Leadership in the Global System'', edited by Daniel Flemes (Farnham, UK: Ashgate, 2010),senegal is a recognised as a power  p. 151.</ref>



===North America===
* {{flagcountry|Mexico}}{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}<ref>{{cite web|last=James Scott, Matthias vom Hau and David Hulme|title=Beyond the BICs: Strategies of influence|url=https://www.escholar.manchester.ac.uk%2Fapi%2Fdatastream%3FpublicationPid%3Duk-ac-man-scw%3A105725%26datastreamId%3DSUPPLEMENTARY-1.DOC&ei=fMKFT7SMKIye8gS71NHACA&usg=AFQjCNHKPFxJk5bu6Qs5R2SKSUs8IwidWw&sig2=_lt4YNVT-1ECYQBh61EWgA|publisher=The University of Manchester|accessdate=11 April 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=How to compare regional powers: analytical concepts and research topics|url=http://www.giga-hamburg.de/dl/download.php?d=/content/staff/nolte/publications/how_to_compare_nolte.pdf|publisher=British International Studies Association|accessdate=11 April 2012}}</ref><ref>[http://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/other/bluebook/2006/05.pdf Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan]</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Dadush|first=Uri|title=China’s Rise and Latin America: A Global, Long-Term Perspective|url=http://www.thedialogue.org/page.cfm?pageID=32&pubID=2892|publisher=Inter-American Dialogue|accessdate=17 April 2012|quote=Moreover, the rise of regional powers Brazil and Mexico, and their burgeoning middle classes, could be a boon for other Latin American economies.}}</ref>
* '''{{flagcountry|United States}}''' {{Ref label|GP|GP|}}{{Ref label|G7|G7}}{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}<ref>http://www.internationalpolicydigest.org/2012/04/16/chinese-cyber-information-profusion-anti-access-area-denial-in-summative-context/</ref>



===South America===
* {{flagcountry|Argentina}}{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}<ref>"Argentina has been the leading military and economic power in the Southern Cone in the Twentieth Century." See Michael Morris, "The Srait of Magellan," in ''International Straits of the World'', edited by Gerard Mangone (Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff Publishes, 1988), p. 63.</ref><ref name="Huntington 2001 p. 61">"Secondary regional powers in Huntington's view include Great Britain, Ukraine, Japan, South Korea, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Argentina." See Tom Nierop, "The Clash of Civilisations," in ''The Territorial Factor'', edited by Gertjan Dijkink and Hans Knippenberg (Amsterdam: Vossiuspers UvA, 2001), p. 61.</ref><ref>"The US has created a foundation upon which the regional powers, especially Argentina and Brazil, can developed their own rules for further managing regional relations." See David Lake, "Regional Hierarchies," in ''Globalising the Regional'', edited by Rick Fawn (UK: Cambridge University Press, 2009), p. 55.</ref><ref>"The southern cone of South America, including Argentina and Brazil, the two regional powers, has recently become a pluralistic security community." See Emanuel Adler and Patricia Greve, "Overlapping regional mechanisms of security governance," in ''Globalising the Regional'', edited by Rick Fawn (UK: Cambridge University Press, 2009), p. 78.</ref><ref>"[...] notably by linking the Southern Cone's rival regional powers, Brazil and Argentina." See Alejandra Ruiz-Dana, Peter Goldschag, Edmundo Claro and Hernan Blanco, "Regional integration, trade and conflicts in Latin America," in ''Regional Trade Integration and Conflict Resolution'', edited by Shaheen Rafi Khan (New York: Routledge, 2009), p. 18.</ref><ref name="Samuel P. Huntington 2000 p. 6">Samuel P. Huntington, "Culture, Power, and Democracy," in ''Globalization, Power, and Democracy'', edited by Marc Plattner and Aleksander Smolar (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2000), p. 6.</ref><ref>""The driving force behind the adoption of the MERCOSUR agreement was similar to that of the establishment of the EU: the hope of limiting the possibilities of traditional military hostility between the major regional powers, Brazil and Argentina." See Anestis Papadopoulos, ''The International Dimension of EU Competition Law and Policy'' (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010), p. 283.</ref>
* '''{{flagcountry|Brazil}}'''{{Ref label|BRICS|BRICS}}{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}<ref>{{cite web|last1=Arnson|first1=Cynthia|last2=Sotero|first2=Paulo|title=Brazil as a Regional Power: Views from the Hemisphere|url=http://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/Brazil-as-a-Regional-Power3.pdf|publisher=Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars|accessdate=16 April 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=De Lima|first1=Maria Regina Soares|last2=Hirst|first2=Monica|title=Brazil as an intermediate state and regional power: action, choice and responsibilities|url=http://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/public/International%20Affairs/Blanket%20File%20Import/inta_513.pdf|publisher=Chatham House|accessdate=16 April 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Wigell|first=Mikael|title=Assertive Brazil, an emerging power and its implications|url=http://www.fiia.fi/assets/publications/bp82.pdf|publisher=Finnish Institute of International Affairs|accessdate=16 April 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Flemes, Daniel|title=Brazil’s strategic options in a multiregional world order|url=http://www.giga-hamburg.de/dl/download.php?d=/english/content/rpn/conferences/flemes.pdf|publisher=German Institute of Global and Area Studies|accessdate=16 April 2012}}</ref>


===Asia===
Historically, [[China]] was the dominant power in eastern Asia. Japan became a key player in World War II as one of the [[Axis powers]] and China became a key player in World War II as one of the [[Allies of World War II|Allies Powers]]. In recent years, a re-balancing of military and economic might towards countries such as [[China]] and [[India]] has made significant changes in the geopolitics of Asia. [[China]], [[South Korea]] and [[Japan]] have also earned greater influence over regions outside Asia.

====East Asia====
* '''{{flagcountry|China}}'''{{Ref label|GP|GP|}}{{Ref label|BRICS|BRICS}}{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}<ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,503050425-1051243,00.html Living With The Giants - TIME]</ref><ref>[http://www.au.af.mil/au/aul/bibs/cgrp.htm China: Global/Regional Power]</ref><ref>[http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/1999/china.50/asian.superpower/neighbors/ CNN In-Depth Specials - Visions of China - Asian Superpower: Regional 'godfather' or local bully?]</ref><ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/correspondents/content/2006/s1642878.htm www.abc.net]</ref><ref>http://www.aseanfocus.com/asiananalysis/article.cfm?articleID=780 www.aseanfocus.com</ref><ref name=alla>[http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/3/6/0/7/9/p360796_index.html]</ref>
* '''{{flagcountry|Japan}}'''{{Ref label|GP|GP|}}{{Ref label|G7|G7|}}{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}<ref name=alla>http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/3/6/0/7/9/p360796_index.html</ref><ref>[http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract;jsessionid=2EE3EF674E08CB40D5050A82CE8B22BD.tomcat1?fromPage=online&aid=392746# Japan and the Myanmar Stalemate: Regional Power and Resolution of a Regional Problem]</ref><ref name=cbs>[http://www.csbaonline.org/4Publications/PubLibrary/R.20000200.Transforming_Ameri/R.20000200.Transforming_Ameri.php www.csbaonline.org]</ref>
* '''{{flagcountry|South Korea}}'''{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}<ref name="alla"/><ref>http://www.springerlink.com/content/nrnnj1f163kaxye3/</ref><ref>http://www.hudsonny.org/2010/03/the-korean-incident-changing-dynamics-in-asia.php</ref><ref>http://www.ndu.edu/inss/Press/jfq_pages/editions/i47/19.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Files/events/2009/0416_korea/20090416_korea.pdf</ref><ref name="books.google.co.uk">[https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=XvtS5hKg9jYC&oi=fnd&pg=PR8&dq=The+United+States+and+the+Great+Powers&ots=A3H1zZvfp4&sig=qSCxRlF4ImYrrKmiSNarSxTQTyE#v=onepage&q&f=false The United States and the great powers: world politics in the twenty-first century]</ref>

====South Asia====
* '''{{flagcountry|India}}'''{{Ref label|BRICS|BRICS}}{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}<ref name="The United States and the Great Powers" /><ref name="Regions and powers"/><ref>{{cite journal| url=http://www.twq.com/04winter/docs/04winter_perkovich.pdf| title=Is India a Major Power?|last=Perkovich|first=George|journal=The Washington Quarterly|issue=27.1 Winter 2003-04|accessdate=2007-12-13|format=PDF}}</ref><ref name="Encarta">[http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761590309/Great_Powers.html Encarta - Great Powers]</ref><ref>{{cite paper| author =Dilip Mohite| title =Swords and Ploughshares- India: The Fourth Great Power?| version =Vol. 7, No. 3| publisher =Arms Control, Disarmament, and International Security (ACDIS)| date =Spring 1993| url =http://www.acdis.uiuc.edu/Research/S&Ps/1993-Sp/S&P_VII-3/great_power.html| accessdate = 2007-12-13}}</ref>
* {{flagcountry|Pakistan}}{{Ref label|Next 11|N11}}<ref name="books.google.co.uk"/>

====Southeast Asia====
* '''{{flagcountry|Indonesia}}'''{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}{{Ref label|Next 11|N11}}<ref name=ai/><ref name="ref">{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}
[http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/0/7/3/9/2/p73921_index.html]</ref>

====West Asia====
* '''{{flagcountry|Iran}}'''{{Ref label|Next 11|N11}}<ref name="The United States and the Great Powers">{{cite book | last =Buzan | first =Barry | coauthors = | title=The United States and the Great Powers | publisher=Polity Press | year=2004 | location=Cambridge, United Kingdom | pages =71 | isbn =0-7456-3375-7 | url=}}</ref><ref name="Regions and powers">{{Cite book | last1 = Buzan | first1 = Barry| last2 = Wæver | first2 = Ole| title = Regions and powers: the structure of international security| location = Cambridge| publisher = Cambridge University Press| year= 2003| pages = 55| isbn = 0-521-89111-6 }}</ref><ref>""Iran is a strong regional power, in a far better shape than Pakistan because f its economic capabilities, rich mineral and energy resources, and internal stability, added to its far greater geostrategic importance." In Hooman Peimani, ''Nuclear Proliferation in the Indian Subcontinent'' (Westport: Praeger Publishers, 2000), p. 30.</ref>
* '''{{flagcountry|Israel}}'''{{ref|reference_name_A|a}}<ref name="The United States and the Great Powers" /><ref>[http://www.lrb.co.uk/v28/n06/mear01_.html www.lrb.co.uk]</ref><ref>[http://www.acronym.org.uk/dd/dd76/76actg.htm www.acronym.org.uk]</ref>
* '''{{flagcountry|Saudi Arabia}}''' {{Ref label|G20|G20|}}<ref name="The United States and the Great Powers" /><ref name="Regions and powers"/><ref>[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0XPQ/is_2002_Sept_23/ai_92080737 findarticles.com]</ref><ref>[http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/display.article?id=4349 yaleglobal.yale.edu]</ref>

===Europe===
{{Main|European balance of power}}
[[France]], [[Germany]], [[Italy]] and the [[UK]] are regarded as the [[Big Four (European Union)|Big Four]] of Europe. Historically, dominant powers in this region created large colonial empires worldwide (such as the [[British Empire]] or the [[French colonial empire|French Empire]]). Most of the continent is now integrated as a consequence of the enlargement of the [[EU]].

====Western Europe====
* '''{{flagcountry|France}}'''{{ref|reference_name_A|a}}{{Ref label|GP|GP|}}{{Ref label|G7|G7|}}{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}<ref name="ai"/><ref name=cbs/><ref>[http://www.globalpolicy.org/security/oil/2003/0206regi.htm globalpolicy.org]</ref>
* '''{{flagcountry|Germany}}'''{{Ref label|GP|GP|}}{{Ref label|G7|G7|}}{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}<ref name=ai>[http://www.aims.ca/library/huntington.pdf www.aims.ca''dead link'']</ref><ref name="cbs"/><ref>[https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/2181/6/lecture010.pdf tspace.library.utoronto.ca]</ref>
* '''{{flagcountry|Italy}}'''{{ref|reference_name_A|a}}{{Ref label|G7|G7|}}{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}<ref>"[[Operation Alba]] may be considered one of the most important instances in which Italy has acted as a regional power, taking the lead in executing a technically and politically coherent and determined strategy." See Federiga Bindi, ''Italy and the European Union'' (Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 2011), p. 171.</ref><ref>"Italy plays a prominent role in European and global military, cultural and diplomatic affairs. The country's European political, social and economic influence make it a major regional power." See ''Italy: Justice System and National Police Handbook'', Vol. 1 (Washington, D.C.: International Business Publications, 2009), p. 9.</ref><ref>[http://www.ladocumentationfrancaise.fr/catalogue/3303331600596/index.shtml ...L'Italie est avant tout une grande puissance européenne, un État-nation au développement économique brillant, une puissance industrielle, une société civile active, une intelligentsia remarquable, l’un des principaux pôles culturels et artistiques de l’Europe.]</ref>
* {{flagcountry|Spain}}{{ref|reference_name_A|a}}<ref>http://europeangeostrategy.ideasoneurope.eu/2011/12/29/worlds-fifteen-most-powerful-countries-in-2012/</ref><ref>http://countrystudies.us/spain/88.htm</ref><ref>"In fact, Latin America remained now, as it had been at the start of the transition, Spain's only possibility of rising above its present position [in 2000] a...iddle-ranking regional power within Europe." Javier Tusell, ''Spain: From Dictatorship to Democracy, 1939 to the Present'' (Wiley-Blackwell, 2011), chapter 6.</ref>
* '''{{flagcountry|United Kingdom}}'''{{Ref label|GP|GP|}}{{Ref label|G7|G7|}}{{Ref label|G20|G20|}} <ref name="Huntington 2001 p. 61"/><ref name="Samuel P. Huntington 2000 p. 6"/><ref>[http://www.giga-hamburg.de/dl/download.php?d=/english/content/rpn/conferences/mayer.pdf] France, Germany, Britain – Responses of Traditional Regional
Powers to Rising Regions and Rivals</ref>

====Eastern Europe====
* {{flagcountry|Poland}}<ref name="ai"/><ref name=cbs/><ref>[http://carnegieeurope.eu/strategiceurope/?fa=51958]</ref>
* {{flagcountry|Romania}}<ref name="ai"/><ref name=cbs/><ref>[http://cepeoffice.com/2012/06/26/romania-seen-as-a-regional-player]</ref>

===Eurasia===
[[Transcontinental countries]] like Russia are able to exert regional influence in large areas of the world.
* '''{{flagcountry|Russia}}'''{{Ref label|GP|GP|}}{{Ref label|BRICS|BRICS}}{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}<ref name="alla"/><ref name=cbs/><ref>http://www.carnegie.ru/en/pubs/media/69778.htm www.carnegie.ru</ref>
* '''{{flagcountry|Turkey}}'''{{ref|reference_name_A|a}}{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}<ref name="books.google.co.uk"/><ref name="StratforTurkey">{{cite web|url=http://www.stratfor.com/weekly/20090317_turkey_and_russia_rise|title=Turkey and Russia on the Rise|publisher=Stratfor|date=2009-03-17 |accessdate=2011-08-21}}</ref><ref name="HeptagonTurkey">{{cite web|url=http://www.heptagonpost.com/Dessi/can_turkey_be_a_source_of_stability_in_the_middle_east|title=Can Turkey Be a Source of Stability in the Middle East? |publisher=heptagonpost.com |date=2010-12-18 |accessdate=2011-05-16}}</ref><ref>[http://www.economist.com/node/21536598 The Economist: "Turkish foreign policy: Ottoman dreamer", 5 November 2011.]</ref><ref>[http://www.economist.com/node/21536647 The Economist: "Turkey in the Balkans: The good old days?", 5 November 2011.]</ref><ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,2099674,00.html "Erdoğan's Moment"], cover story in the [[Time (magazine)|Time magazine]] issue of November 21–28, 2011. (Vol. 178 No. 21.) [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/0,9263,7601111128,00.html "Erdoğan's Way"] was the cover title in the editions of [http://www.time.com/time/covers/europe/0,16641,20111128,00.html Europe], [http://www.time.com/time/covers/asia/0,16641,20111128,00.html Asia] and [http://www.time.com/time/covers/pacific/0,16641,20111128,00.html South Pacific].</ref>

===Oceania===
* '''{{flagcountry|Australia}}'''{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}<ref>[http://www.routledge.com/shopping_cart/products/product_detail.asp?curTab=Author%20Biography&id=&parent_id=3459&sku=&isbn=9780415404211&pc=/shopping_cart/categories/categories_products.asp!parent_id=3459$so=1 www.routledge.com]</ref><ref>[http://www.foreignminister.gov.au/speeches/2006/060710_bigorsmall.html www.foreignminister.gov.au]</ref>

==See also==
{{div col|2}}
* [[G20]]
* [[Great power]]
* [[Historical powers]]
* [[Regional hegemony]]
* [[Middle power]]
* [[Superpower]]
* [[Second Superpower]]
* [[Hyperpower]]
{{div col end}}

==Footnotes==
:{{note|GP}}Considered a [[Great Power]]
:{{note|G20}}Considered [[G20]]
:{{ref|reference_name_A|a}} Regional powers in the [[Mediterranean]]

==References==
{{Reflist|4}}

{{International power}}

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