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{{also|excusé}}
==English==
{{wikipedia|Excuse (legal)}}

===Etymology===
From {{inh|en|enm|excusen|pos=verb}} and {{m|enm|excuse|pos=noun}}, borrowed from {{der|en|fro|escuser|pos=verb}} and {{m|fro|excuse|pos=noun}}, from {{der|en|la|excuso|excūsō, excūsāre|to excuse, allege in excuse, literally, free from a charge}}, from {{m|la|ex||out}} + {{m|la|causa||a charge}}; see [[cause]], [[accuse]] and [[recuse]]. Displaced native {{ncog|ang|lād||an excuse}} and {{m|ang|lādian||to excuse}}.

===Pronunciation===
; Verb
* {{enPR|ĭkskyo͞oz'|a=UK}}, {{IPA|en|/ɪkˈskjuːz/|/ɛksˈkjuːz/}}
* {{enPR|ĭkskyo͞oz'|a=US}}, {{IPA|en|/ɪksˈkjuz/|/ɛksˈkjuz/}}
* {{audio|en|en-us-excuse-verb.ogg|a=US}}
* {{rhymes|en|uːz|s=2}}

; Noun
* {{enPR|ĭkskyo͞os'|a=UK}}, {{IPA|en|/ɪkˈskjuːs/|/ɛksˈkjuːs/}}
* {{enPR|ĭkskyo͞os'|a=US}}, {{IPA|en|/ɪksˈkjus/|/ɛksˈkjus/}}
* {{audio|en|en-us-excuse-noun.ogg|a=US}}
* {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-excuse.wav|a=US}}
* {{rhymes|en|uːs|s=2}}

===Verb===
{{en-verb}}

# {{lb|en|transitive}} To [[forgive]]; to [[pardon]]; to [[overlook]].
#: {{ux|en|I '''excused''' him his transgressions.}}
#* {{RQ:Shakespeare Coriolanus|IV|vii|25|1|passage=Yet his Nature / In that’s no Changeling, and I muſt '''excuſe''' / What cannot be amended.}}
#* {{quote-text|en|year=c. 1685|author={{w|John Sharp (bishop)|John Sharp}}|title=A Discourse of Conscience
|passage=If they say that he did sin in doing this, then they must at the same time acknowledge that a man's persuasion that a thing is a duty will not '''excuse''' him from guilt in practising it}}
# {{lb|en|transitive}} To allow to leave, or release from any [[obligation]].
#: {{ux|en|May I be '''excused''' from the table?}}
#: {{ux|en|I '''excused''' myself from the proceedings to think over what I'd heard.}}
# {{lb|en|transitive}} To provide an excuse for; to justify.
#: {{ux|en|You know he shouldn't have done it, so don't try to '''excuse''' his behavior!}}
#* {{RQ:Skelton Complete|Hauke|62|lines=6–7|They cannot be '''excusyd'''<br>By reason nor by law; {{...}}}}
# To relieve of an imputation by apology or defense; to make apology for as not seriously evil; to ask pardon or indulgence for.
#* {{RQ:Tyndale NT|2 Corinthians|12|19|ccxlvj|verso=1|passage=Agayne&nbsp;/ thynke ye that we '''excuſe''' oure ſelves? we ſpeake in Chriſt in the ſight of God. But we do all thyngꝭ dearly beloved for youre edifyinge.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author={{w|Thomas à Kempis}} (unknown translator)|title=[[w:The Imitation of Christ|The Christian’s Pattern: or, A Treatise of the Imitation of Jesus Christ]]|location=London|publisher=T. C. Hansard,{{nb...|Paternoster-row, and sold by Longman, Rees, Orme, & Co.}}|year=1705|year_published=1831|page=54|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=YDJOAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA54|passage=It were more meet that thou didst accuse thy self, and '''excusedst''' thy Brother.}}

====Synonyms====
* {{sense|to release from guilt, shame, or punishment}} {{l|en|forgive}}, {{l|en|let off the hook}}, {{l|en|let pass}}, {{l|en|pardon}}, {{l|en|unguilt}}

====Antonyms====
* {{antsense|to release from guilt, shame, or punishment}} {{l|en|blame}}, {{l|en|punish}}

====Derived terms====
* {{l|en|blind excuse}}
* {{l|en|'scuse}}
* {{l|en|excuse me}}
* {{l|en|excuse my français}}, {{l|en|excuse my French}}
* {{l|en|excuse you}}
* {{l|en|please excuse my dear Aunt Sally}}
* {{l|en|XQs}}

====Translations====
{{trans-top|forgive, pardon}}
* American Sign Language: {{t|ase|BentB@BaseHand-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterSternumhigh-UlnarAcross BentB@TipHand-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterSternumhigh-UlnarAcross}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|عَذَرَ}}
* Belarusian: {{t|be|выбача́ць|impf}}, {{t|be|вы́бачыць|pf}}, {{t|be|прабача́ць|impf}}, {{t|be|праба́чыць|pf}}, {{t|be|дарава́ць|impf|pf}}, {{t|be|падарава́ць|pf}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|извиня́вам|impf}}, {{t|bg|извиня́|pf}}, {{t+|bg|проща́вам|impf}}, {{t|bg|простя́|pf}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|excusar}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|原諒|tr=yuánliàng}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|omlouvat|impf}}, {{t+|cs|omluvit|pf}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|vergeven}}, {{t+|nl|excuseren}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|antaa anteeksi}}
* French: {{t+|fr|excuser}}, {{t+|fr|pardonner}}
* Galician: {{t+|gl|perdoar}}
* German: {{t+|de|entschuldigen}}, {{t+|de|verzeihen}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|συγχωρώ}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|megbocsát}}
* Ido: {{t+|io|exkuzar}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|scusare}}, {{t+|it|perdonare}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|許す|tr=ゆるす, yurusu}}
* Korean: {{t+|ko|용서하다}}
* Latin: {{t+|la|īgnōscō}}, {{t|la|excūsō}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|извинува|impf}}, {{t|mk|извини|pf}}
* Malayalam: {{t|ml|ക്ഷമിയ്ക്കുക}}
* Norwegian: {{t+|no|tilgi}}, {{t|no|unnskylde}}
* Occitan: {{t+|oc|excusar}}
* Old English: {{t|ang|forġiefan}}, {{t|ang|lādian}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|wybaczać|impf}}, {{t+|pl|wybaczyć|pf}}, {{t+|pl|przebaczać|impf}}, {{t+|pl|przebaczyć|pf}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|desculpar}}, {{t+|pt|perdoar}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|scuza}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|извиня́ть|impf}}, {{t+|ru|извини́ть|pf}} {{qualifier|forgive}} {{t+|ru|проща́ть|impf}}, {{t+|ru|прости́ть|pf}}
* Scottish Gaelic: {{t|gd|math}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|ospravedlňovať|impf}}, {{t|sk|ospravedlniť|pf}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|excusar}}, {{t+|es|perdonar}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|ursäkta}}
* Tagalog: {{t|tl|patawarin}}, {{t|tl|magpatawad}}
* Tamil: {{t+|ta|மன்னி}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|mazur görmek}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|вибача́ти|impf}}, {{t|uk|ви́бачити|pf}}, {{t|uk|пробача́ти|impf}}, {{t|uk|проба́чити|pf}}, {{t|uk|проща́ти|impf}}, {{t|uk|прости́ти|pf}}, {{t|uk|дарува́ти|impf}}, {{t|uk|подарува́ти|pf}}
* Yiddish: {{t|yi|אַנטשולדיקן|sc=Hebr}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|allow to leave}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|اِعْتَذَرَ}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t|cmn|[[請求]][[離開]]|tr=qǐngqiú líkāi}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|verontschuldigen}}, {{t+|nl|excuseren}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|poistua}}
* French: {{t+|fr|excuser}}
* German: {{t|de|sich entschuldigen}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|elenged}}, {{t+|hu|felment}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|scusare}}
* Japanese: {{t|ja|[[言い訳]]を[[する]]|tr=いいわけおする, iiwake o suru}}
* Korean: {{t-needed|ko}}
* Latin: {{t|la|excuso}}
* Maori: {{t+|mi|whakawātea}}
* Old English: {{t|ang|lādian}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|usprawiedliwić}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|escusar}}, {{t+|pt|dispensar}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|извиня́ться|impf}}
* Spanish: {{t-needed|es}}
* Tagalog: {{t|tl|hayaan}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|muaf tutmak}}
* Vietnamese: {{t|vi|[[cho]] [[nghỉ]]}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|explain with the aim of alleviating guilt or negative judgement}}
* American Sign Language: {{t|ase|BentB@BaseHand-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterSternumhigh-UlnarAcross BentB@TipHand-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterSternumhigh-UlnarAcross}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|оправда́вам|impf}}, {{t+|bg|оправда́я|pf}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|辯解|tr=biànjiě}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|goedpraten}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|perustella}}
* French: {{t+|fr|excuser}}, {{t+|fr|justifier}}
* German: {{t+|de|entschuldigen}}
* Hebrew: {{t-needed|he}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|felment}}, {{t+|hu|menteget}}, {{t+|hu|kimagyaráz}}, {{t+|hu|magyaráz}}, {{t+|hu|kiment}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|scusarsi}}, {{t+|it|giustificarsi}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|弁明|tr=べんめいする, benmei suru|alt=弁明する}}, {{t+|ja|言い訳|tr=いいわけする, iiwake suru|alt=言い訳する}}
* Korean: {{t+|ko|변명하다}}
* Latin: {{t|la|utior}}
* Old English: {{t|ang|lādian}}
* Persian: {{t-needed|fa}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|usprawiedliwić|pf}}
* Portuguese: {{t|pt|desculpar-se}}
* Punjabi:
*: Shahmukhi: {{t|pa|پَجّ|m}}, {{t|pa|بَہانَہ|m|tr=bahāna}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|опра́вдывать|impf}}, {{t+|ru|оправда́ть|pf}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|excusar}}, {{t+|es|disculpar}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|ursäkta}}, {{t|sv|urskuldra}}
* Urdu: {{t-needed|ur}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===Noun===
{{en-noun|~}}

# {{lb|en|countable|uncountable}} Explanation designed to avoid or alleviate guilt or negative judgment; a plea offered in extenuation of a fault.
#: {{ux|en|Tell me why you were late &ndash; and I don't want to hear any '''excuses'''!}}
#: {{ux|en|I had to make an '''excuse''' for being late to the meeting.}}
#* {{RQ:Tyndale NT|Luke|14|18|cj|And they all atonce begane to make '''excuſe'''. The fyrſt ſayd vnto him: I have bought a ferme&nbsp;/ and I muſt nedes goo and ſe it&nbsp;/ I praye the have me excuſed.}}
# {{lb|en|legal}} A defense to a [[criminal]] or [[civil]] charge wherein the accused party admits to doing acts for which legal consequences would normally be appropriate, but asserts that special circumstances relieve that party of [[culpability]] for having done those acts.
# {{lb|en|often with preceding negative adjective, especially {{m|en|sorry}}, {{m|en|poor}}{{,}} or {{m|en|lame}}}} An [[example]] of something that is [[substandard]] or of [[inferior]] [[quality]].
#: {{ux|en|That thing is a poor '''excuse''' for a gingerbread man. Hasn't anyone taught you how to bake?}}
#: {{ux|en|He's a sorry '''excuse''' for a doctor.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=Christos Tsiolkas|title=The Slap| location=London| publisher=Atlantic Books| year=2008| page=131| passage=What a fucking lame '''excuse''' for a man.}}
#* {{quote-av|en|author=Drachinifel|title=Last Ride of the High Seas Fleet - Battle of Texel 1918|date=17 October 2018|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YrTeYcRXDEw|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220804035059/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YrTeYcRXDEw|archivedate=4 August 2022|accessdate=4 August 2022|time=15:10|text=''Seydlitz'' correctly identifies the larger shell splashes as coming from the two "large light cruisers" at the rear, and takes aim.  Moments later, ''Courageous'' sheers out of line, smoke and steam venting through a massive hole in her side, the shells having blasted right through whatever '''excuse''' for armor was present and detonated amidst the boiler rooms.  She is doomed.}}

====Usage notes====
* We often say ''to '''make''' an excuse.''

====Synonyms====
* {{sense|explanation designed to avoid or alleviate guilt or negative judgment}} [[pretext]] release, clear, justify, forgive, tolerate, overlook, exempt, pardon, discharge, pretext, bear with, acquit, exonerate, absolve, pretense, vindicate.

====Translations====
{{trans-top|explanation designed to avoid or alleviate guilt or negative judgement}}
* American Sign Language: {{t|ase|BentB@BaseHand-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterSternumhigh-UlnarAcross BentB@TipHand-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterSternumhigh-UlnarAcross}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|عُذْر|m}}
* Armenian: {{t+|hy|պատրվակ}}
* Azerbaijani: {{t+|az|bəhanə}}
* Belarusian: {{t|be|апраўда́нне|n}}, {{t|be|адмо́ўка|f}}, {{t|be|адгаво́рка|f}}, {{t|be|адгаво́р|m}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|извине́ние|n}}, {{t+|bg|оправда́ние|n}}, {{t+|bg|предло́г|m}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|excusa|f}}
* Cherokee: {{t|chr|ᏗᏢᏈᏍᏙᏗ}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|藉口|tr=jièkǒu}}, {{t+|cmn|辯解|tr=biànjiě}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|omluva|f}} (''apology''), {{t|cs|výmluva|f}} (''dishonest''), {{t+|cs|záminka|f}} (''dishonest'')
* Danish: {{t|da|undskyldning|c}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|uitvlucht|m|f}}, {{t+|nl|excuus|n}} {{t+|nl|smoes|m}}
* Esperanto: {{t|eo|senkulpigo}}
* Estonian: {{t|et|vabandus}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|tekosyy}}, {{t+|fi|veruke}}, {{t+|fi|selitys}}
* French: {{t+|fr|prétexte|m}}, {{t+|fr|excuse|f}}
* Georgian: {{t-needed|ka}}
* German: {{t+|de|Ausrede|f}}, {{t+|de|Ausflucht|f}} {{qualifier|chiefly in the plural}}
* Gothic: {{t|got|𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌻𐍉|f}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|δικαιολογία|f}}
*: Ancient: {{t|grc|σκῆψις|f}}, {{t|grc|πρόφασις|f}}, {{t|grc|μύνη|f}}
* Hebrew: {{t|he|תירוץ|m}}, {{t+|he|אמתלה|f}}, {{t+|he|תֵּרוּץ|m|tr=terúts}}
* Hindi: {{t+|hi|बहाना|m}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|mentség}}, {{t+|hu|kifogás}}
* Icelandic: {{t+|is|afsökun|f}}
* Ido: {{t+|io|exkuzo}}
* Irish: {{t+|ga|leithscéal|m}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|scusa|f}}, {{t+|it|pretesto|m}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|言い訳|tr=いいわけ, iiwake}}, {{t+|ja|口実|tr=こうじつ, kōjitsu}}, {{t+|ja|弁解|tr=べんかい, benkai}}, {{t+|ja|弁明|tr=べんめい, benmei}}
* Khmer: {{t+|km|លេស}}
* Korean: {{t+|ko|핑계}}, {{t+|ko|변명(辨明)}}
* Kyrgyz: {{t+|ky|шылтоо}}
* Latin: {{t|la|praetextum|n}}
* Latvian: {{t-needed|lv}}
* Lithuanian: {{t-needed|lt}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|изговор|m}}, {{t|mk|оправдување|n}}
* Malay: {{t|ms|alasan}}
* Malayalam: {{t+|ml|ക്ഷമാപണം}}, {{t+|ml|ഒഴിവുകഴിവ്}}
* Manchu: {{t|mnc|ᡴᠠᠨᠠᡤᠠᠨ}}, {{t|mnc|ᡶᡳᡴᡨᡠ}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|takunga}}, {{t|mi|takutakunga}}
* Marathi: {{t|mr|सबब|f}}, {{t|mr|कारण|f}}
* Mari:
*: Eastern Mari: {{t|mhr|амал}}
* Mirandese: {{t|mwl|çculpa|f}}
* Mongolian: {{t-needed|mn}}
* Ngazidja Comorian: {{t|zdj|udhuri}}
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t|nb|unnskyldning|m|f}}
* Occitan: {{t+|oc|excusa|f}}
* Old English: {{t|ang|lād}}, {{t|ang|lādung|f}}
* Ottoman Turkish: {{t|ota|اعتذار|tr=iʼtizâr}} {{qualifier|plea}}; {{t|ota|قولپ|tr=kulp}} {{qualifier|pretext}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|بهانه|tr=bahâne}}, {{t+|fa|توجیه|tr=towjih}}, {{t+|fa|عذر|tr='ozr}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|wykręt|m}} {{qualifier|dishonest}}, {{t+|pl|wymówka|f}} {{qualifier|dishonest}}, {{t+|pl|usprawiedliwienie|n}}, {{t+|pl|pretekst|m}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|desculpa|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|оправда́ние|n}}, {{t+|ru|отгово́рка|f}}, {{qualifier|apology}} {{t+|ru|извине́ние|n}}, {{t+|ru|предло́г|m}}
* Scottish Gaelic: {{t|gd|leisgeul|m}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|výhovorka|f}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|excusa|f}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|ursäkt|c}}
* Tagalog: {{t|tl|dahilan}}
* Tamil: {{t+|ta|சாக்கு}}
* Thai: {{t|th|ข้อแก้ตัว}}
* Tocharian B: {{t|txb|ṣewi}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|bahane}}, {{t+|tr|mazeret}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|відмо́вка|f}}, {{t|uk|ви́мовка|f}}
* Urdu: {{t|ur|بَہانَہ|m|tr=bahānā}}
* Vietnamese: {{t+|vi|cớ}}
* Welsh: {{t|cy|esgus|m}}
* Yiddish: {{t|yi|תּירוץ|m|tr=teyrets}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===See also===
* [[rationalization]]

===Further reading===
* {{R:Webster 1913}}
* {{R:Century 1911}}

{{cln|en|heteronyms}}

==French==

===Etymology===
{{deverbal|fr|excuser}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{fr-IPA}}
** {{audio|fr|Fr-excuse.ogg}}
* {{qualifier|colloquial}} {{fr-IPA|èsscuse}}

===Noun===
{{fr-noun|f}}

# {{l|en|excuse}}

===Verb===
{{head|fr|verb form}}

# {{inflection of|fr|excuser||1//3|s|pres|ind//sub|;|2|s|impr}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:fr:TLFi}}

==Latin==

===Participle===
{{head|la|participle form|head=excūse}}

# {{inflection of|la|excūsus||voc|m|s}}

==Spanish==

===Verb===
{{head|es|verb form}}

# {{es-verb form of|excusar}}

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