View source for Isotopes of roentgenium

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{{Short description|none}}
{{Infobox roentgenium isotopes}}
[[Roentgenium]] (<sub>111</sub>Rg) is a [[synthetic element]], and thus a [[standard atomic weight]] cannot be given. Like all synthetic elements, it has no [[stable isotope]]s. The first [[isotope]] to be synthesized was <sup>272</sup>Rg in 1994, which is also the only directly synthesized isotope; all others are [[decay product]]s of heavier elements. There are seven known [[radioisotope]]s, having mass numbers of 272, 274, and 278–282. The longest-lived isotope is <sup>282</sup>Rg with a [[half-life]] of about 2 minutes, although the unconfirmed <sup>283</sup>Rg and <sup>286</sup>Rg may have longer half-lives of about 5.1&nbsp;minutes and 10.7&nbsp;minutes respectively.

== List of isotopes ==
{{Anchor|Roentgenium-273|Roentgenium-275|Roentgenium-276|Roentgenium-277|Roentgenium-284|Roentgenium-285}}

<!--Please delete anchor(s) from the list above or table below if adding a dedicated isotope section(s).-->

{{Isotopes table
|symbol=Rg
|refs=NUBASE2020
|notes=unc(), mass#, EC, SF, spin#
}}
|-id=Roentgenium-272
| <sup>272</sup>Rg
| 111
| 161
| 272.15327(25)#
| {{val|4.2|(11)|u=ms}}
| [[alpha decay|α]]
| <sup>268</sup>Mt
| 5+#, 6+#
|-id=Roentgenium-274
| <sup>274</sup>Rg<ref group="n">Not directly synthesized, occurs as a [[decay product]] of <sup>278</sup>Nh</ref>
| 111
| 163
| 274.15525(23)#
| {{val|20|(11)|u=ms}}
| α
| <sup>270</sup>Mt
|
|-id=Roentgenium-278
| <sup>278</sup>Rg<ref group="n">Not directly synthesized, occurs as a decay product of <sup>282</sup>Nh</ref>
| 111
| 167
| 278.16159(42)#
| {{val|4.6|5.5|1.6|u=ms}}<ref name=Mc2022>{{Cite journal |title=New isotope <sup>286</sup>Mc produced in the <sup>243</sup>Am+<sup>48</sup>Ca reaction |last1=Oganessian |first1=Yu. Ts. |last2=Utyonkov |first2=V. K. |last3=Kovrizhnykh |first3=N. D. |display-authors=et al. |date=2022 |journal=Physical Review C |volume=106 |number=64306 |page=064306 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevC.106.064306|bibcode=2022PhRvC.106f4306O |s2cid=254435744 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
| α
| <sup>274</sup>Mt
|
|-id=Roentgenium-279
| rowspan=2|<sup>279</sup>Rg<ref group="n">Not directly synthesized, occurs in [[decay chain]] of <sup>287</sup>Mc</ref>
| rowspan=2|111
| rowspan=2|168
| rowspan=2|279.16288(45)#
| rowspan=2|{{val|90|60|25|u=ms}}<ref name=Mc2022/>
| α (87%)
| <sup>275</sup>Mt
|
|-
| [[Spontaneous fission|SF]] (13%)<ref name=Mc2022/>
| (various)
|-id=Roentgenium-280
| rowspan=2|<sup>280</sup>Rg<ref group="n">Not directly synthesized, occurs in decay chain of <sup>288</sup>Mc</ref>
| rowspan=2|111
| rowspan=2|169
| rowspan=2|280.16520(57)#
| rowspan=2|{{val|3.9|(3)|u=s}}<ref name=Mc2022/>
| α (87%)
| <sup>276</sup>Mt
|
|-
| [[electron capture|EC]] (13%)<ref>{{Cite journal |arxiv = 1502.03030|doi = 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2016.04.025|title = Recoil-α-fission and recoil-α–α-fission events observed in the reaction 48Ca + 243Am|journal = Nuclear Physics A|volume = 953|pages = 117–138|year = 2016|last1 = Forsberg|first1 = U.|last2 = Rudolph|first2 = D.|last3 = Andersson|first3 = L.-L.|last4 = Di Nitto|first4 = A.|last5 = Düllmann|first5 = Ch.E.|last6 = Fahlander|first6 = C.|last7 = Gates|first7 = J.M.|last8 = Golubev|first8 = P.|last9 = Gregorich|first9 = K.E.|last10 = Gross|first10 = C.J.|last11 = Herzberg|first11 = R.-D.|last12 = Heßberger|first12 = F.P.|last13 = Khuyagbaatar|first13 = J.|last14 = Kratz|first14 = J.V.|last15 = Rykaczewski|first15 = K.|last16 = Sarmiento|first16 = L.G.|last17 = Schädel|first17 = M.|last18 = Yakushev|first18 = A.|last19 = Åberg|first19 = S.|last20 = Ackermann|first20 = D.|last21 = Block|first21 = M.|last22 = Brand|first22 = H.|last23 = Carlsson|first23 = B.G.|last24 = Cox|first24 = D.|last25 = Derkx|first25 = X.|last26 = Dobaczewski|first26 = J.|last27 = Eberhardt|first27 = K.|last28 = Even|first28 = J.|last29 = Gerl|first29 = J.|last30 = Jäger|first30 = E.|display-authors = 29|bibcode = 2016NuPhA.953..117F|s2cid = 55598355}}</ref>
| <sup>280</sup>Ds
|
|-id=Roentgenium-281
|rowspan=2 |<sup>281</sup>Rg<ref group="n">Not directly synthesized, occurs in decay chain of <sup>293</sup>Ts</ref>
|rowspan=2 |111
|rowspan=2 |170
|rowspan=2 |281.16676(83)#
|rowspan=2 |{{val|11|3|1|u=s}}<ref name=Mc2022/>
| SF (86%)
| (various)
|rowspan=2|
|-
| α (14%)<ref name=Mc2022/>
| <sup>277</sup>Mt<ref name="2012E117" /><!-- defined in Isobox -->
|-id=Roentgenium-282
| <sup>282</sup>Rg<ref group="n">Not directly synthesized, occurs in decay chain of <sup>294</sup>Ts</ref>
| 111
| 171
| 282.16934(63)#
| {{val|130|(50)|u=s}}
| α
| <sup>278</sup>Mt
|
|-id=Roentgenium-283
| <sup>283</sup>Rg<ref group="n">Not directly synthesized, occurs in decay chain of <sup>287</sup>Fl; unconfirmed</ref>
| 111
| 172
| 283.17110(73)#
| 5.1&nbsp;min?
| SF
| (various)
|
|-id=Roentgenium-286
| <sup>286</sup>Rg<ref group="n">Not directly synthesised, occurs in decay chain of <sup>290</sup>Fl and <sup>294</sup>Lv; unconfirmed</ref>
| 111
| 175
| 286.17876(49)#
| 10.7&nbsp;min?
| α
| <sup>282</sup>Mt
|
{{Isotopes table/footer}}

==Isotopes and nuclear properties==

===Nucleosynthesis===
[[Super-heavy element]]s such as roentgenium are produced by bombarding lighter elements in [[particle accelerator]]s that induce [[fusion reaction]]s. Whereas the lightest isotope of roentgenium, roentgenium-272, can be synthesized directly this way, all the heavier roentgenium isotopes have only been observed as decay products of elements with higher [[atomic number]]s.<ref name="AM89">{{Cite journal |first1=Peter |last1=Armbruster |name-list-style=amp |first2=Gottfried |last2=Munzenberg |title=Creating superheavy elements |journal=Scientific American |volume=34 |pages=36–42 |year=1989}}</ref>

Depending on the energies involved, fusion reactions can be categorized as "hot" or "cold". In hot fusion reactions, very light, high-energy projectiles are accelerated toward very heavy targets ([[actinide]]s), giving rise to compound nuclei at high excitation energy (~40–50&nbsp;[[electronvolt|MeV]]) that may either fission or evaporate several (3 to 5) neutrons.<ref name="fusion">{{cite journal |last1=Barber |first1=Robert C. |last2=Gäggeler |first2=Heinz W. |last3=Karol |first3=Paul J. |last4=Nakahara |first4=Hiromichi |last5=Vardaci |first5=Emanuele |last6=Vogt |first6=Erich |title=Discovery of the element with atomic number 112 (IUPAC Technical Report) |journal=Pure and Applied Chemistry |volume=81 |issue=7 |page=1331 |year=2009 |doi=10.1351/PAC-REP-08-03-05|doi-access=free }}</ref> In cold fusion reactions, the produced fused nuclei have a relatively low excitation energy (~10–20&nbsp;MeV), which decreases the probability that these products will undergo fission reactions. As the fused nuclei cool to the [[ground state]], they require emission of only one or two neutrons, and thus, allows for the generation of more neutron-rich products.<ref name="AM89" /> The latter is a distinct concept from that of where nuclear fusion claimed to be achieved at room temperature conditions (see [[cold fusion]]).<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Fleischmann |first1=Martin |last2=Pons |first2=Stanley |year=1989 |title=Electrochemically induced nuclear fusion of deuterium |journal=Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry |volume=261 |issue=2 |pages=301–308 |doi=10.1016/0022-0728(89)80006-3 }}</ref>

The table below contains various combinations of targets and projectiles which could be used to form compound nuclei with Z=111.

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! Target !! Projectile !! CN !! Attempt result
|-
!<sup>205</sup>Tl
|<sup>70</sup>Zn||<sup>275</sup>Rg||{{No|Failure to date}}
|-
!<sup>208</sup>Pb
|<sup>65</sup>Cu||<sup>273</sup>Rg||{{Yes|Successful reaction}}
|-
!<sup>209</sup>Bi
|<sup>64</sup>Ni||<sup>273</sup>Rg||{{Yes|Successful reaction}}
|-
!<sup>231</sup>Pa
|<sup>48</sup>Ca||<sup>279</sup>Rg||{{unk|Reaction yet to be attempted}}
|-
!<sup>238</sup>U
|<sup>41</sup>K||<sup>279</sup>Rg||{{unk|Reaction yet to be attempted}}
|-
!<sup>244</sup>Pu
|<sup>37</sup>Cl||<sup>281</sup>Rg||{{unk|Reaction yet to be attempted}}
|-
!<sup>248</sup>Cm
|<sup>31</sup>P||<sup>279</sup>Rg||{{unk|Reaction yet to be attempted}}
|-
!<sup>250</sup>Cm
|<sup>31</sup>P||<sup>281</sup>Rg||{{unk|Reaction yet to be attempted}}
|}

====Cold fusion====
Before the first successful synthesis of roentgenium in 1994 by the [[Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung|GSI]] team, a team at the [[Joint Institute for Nuclear Research]] in [[Dubna]], Russia, also tried to synthesize roentgenium by bombarding bismuth-209 with nickel-64 in 1986. No roentgenium atoms were identified. After an upgrade of their facilities, the team at GSI successfully detected 3 atoms of <sup>272</sup>Rg in their discovery experiment.<ref name="95Ho01">{{Cite journal |doi=10.1007/BF01291182 |title=The new element 111 |year=1995 |last1=Hofmann |first1=S. |journal=Zeitschrift für Physik A |volume=350 |pages=281–282 |last2=Ninov |first2=V. |last3=Heßberger |first3=F. P. |last4=Armbruster |first4=P. |last5=Folger |first5=H. |last6=Münzenberg |first6=G. |last7=Schött |first7=H. J. |last8=Popeko |first8=A. G. |last9=Yeremin |first9=A. V. |last10=Andreyev |first10=A. N. |last11=Saro |first11=S. |last12=Janik |first12=R. |last13=Leino |first13=M. |bibcode = 1995ZPhyA.350..281H |issue=4 |s2cid=18804192 |display-authors=8}}</ref> A further 3 atoms were synthesized in 2002.<ref name="02Ho01">{{Cite journal |doi=10.1140/epja/i2001-10119-x |title=New results on elements 111 and 112 |year=2002 |last1=Hofmann |first1=S. |journal=The European Physical Journal A |volume=14 |pages=147–157 |last2=Heßberger |first2=F. P. |last3=Ackermann |first3=D. |last4=Münzenberg |first4=G. |last5=Antalic |first5=S. |last6=Cagarda |first6=P. |last7=Kindler |first7=B. |last8=Kojouharova |first8=J. |last9=Leino |first9=M. |last10=Lommel |first10=B.  |last11=Mann  |first11=R.  |last12=Popeko  |first12=A.G.  |last13=Reshitko  |first13=S. |last14=Śaro |first14=S. |last15=Uusitalo |first15=J. |last16=Yeremin |first16=A.V. |issue=2 |display-authors=8|bibcode=2002EPJA...14..147H |s2cid=8773326 }}</ref> The discovery of roentgenium was confirmed in 2003 when a team at [[RIKEN]] measured the decays of 14 atoms of <sup>272</sup>Rg.<ref name="Morita">{{cite journal |last1=Morita |first1=K. |last2=Morimoto |first2=K. K. |last3=Kaji |first3=D. |last4=Goto |first4=S. |last5=Haba |first5=H. |last6=Ideguchi |first6=E. |last7=Kanungo |first7=R. |last8=Katori |first8=K. |last9=Koura |first9=H. |last10=Kudo |first10=H. |last11=Ohnishi |first11=T. |last12=Ozawa |first12=A. |last13=Peter |first13=J. C. |last14=Suda |first14=T. |last15=Sueki |first15=K. |last16=Tanihata |first16=I. |last17=Tokanai |first17=F. |last18=Xu |first18=H. |last19=Yeremin |first19=A. V. |last20=Yoneda |first20=A. |last21=Yoshida |first21=A. |last22=Zhao |first22=Y.-L. |last23=Zheng |first23=T. |title=Status of heavy element research using GARIS at RIKEN |year=2004 |journal=Nuclear Physics A |volume=734 |pages=101–108 |doi=10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.01.019|bibcode=2004NuPhA.734..101M }}</ref>

The same roentgenium isotope was also observed by an American team at the [[Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory]] (LBNL) from the reaction:

:{{nuclide|lead|208}} + {{nuclide|copper|65}} → {{nuclide|roentgenium|272}} + {{SubatomicParticle|neutron}}

This reaction was conducted as part of their study of projectiles with odd [[atomic number]] in cold fusion reactions.<ref>{{Cite journal |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.212702 |title=Development of an Odd-Z-Projectile Reaction for Heavy Element Synthesis: <sup>208</sup>Pb(<sup>64</sup>Ni,n)<sup>271</sup>Ds and <sup>208</sup>Pb(<sup>65</sup>Cu,n)<sup>272</sup>111 |year=2004 |author=Folden, C. M. |journal=Physical Review Letters |volume=93 |pages=212702 |pmid=15601003 |issue=21 |bibcode=2004PhRvL..93u2702F |last2=Gregorich |first2=K. |last3=Düllmann|first3=Ch.|last4=Mahmud|first4=H.|last5=Pang|first5=G.|last6=Schwantes|first6=J.|last7=Sudowe|first7=R.|last8=Zielinski|first8=P.|last9=Nitsche|first9=H.|last10=Hoffman|first10=D.|url=https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc780605/m2/1/high_res_d/836679.pdf|display-authors=8}}</ref>

The <sup>205</sup>Tl(<sup>70</sup>Zn,n)<sup>274</sup>Rg reaction was tried by the RIKEN team in 2004 and repeated in 2010 in an attempt to secure the discovery of its parent <sup>278</sup>Nh:<ref name="Morimoto2016">{{cite web |url=http://www.physics.adelaide.edu.au/cssm/workshops/inpc2016/talks/Morimoto_Mon_HallL_0930.pdf |title=The discovery of element 113 at RIKEN |last=Morimoto |first=Kouji |date=2016 |website=www.physics.adelaide.edu.au |publisher=26th International Nuclear Physics Conference |access-date=14 May 2017}}</ref>

:{{nuclide|thallium|205}} + {{nuclide|zinc|70}} → {{nuclide|roentgenium|274}} + {{SubatomicParticle|neutron}}

Due to the weakness of the [[thallium]] target, they were unable to detect any atoms of <sup>274</sup>Rg.<ref name="Morimoto2016" />

====As decay product====
<div style="float:right; margin:1em; font-size:85%;">
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+List of roentgenium isotopes observed by decay
! Evaporation residue !! Observed roentgenium isotope
|-
|<sup>294</sup>Lv, <sup>290</sup>Fl, <sup>290</sup>Nh ?||<sup>286</sup>Rg ?<ref name="Hofmann2016-Review" />
|-
|<sup>287</sup>Fl, <sup>287</sup>Nh ?||<sup>283</sup>Rg ?<ref name="Hofmann2016-EXON-Remarks" />
|-
|<sup>294</sup>Ts, <sup>290</sup>Mc, <sup>286</sup>Nh||<sup>282</sup>Rg<ref name="e117">{{cite journal|last1=Oganessian |first1=Yuri Ts.|last2=Abdullin |first2=F. Sh.|last3=Bailey |first3=P. D.|last4=Benker |first4=D. E.|last5=Bennett |first5=M. E.|last6=Dmitriev |first6=S. N.|last7=Ezold |first7= J. G.|last8=Hamilton |first8= J. H.|last9=Henderson |first9= R. A. <!--| first10=M. G. |last10=Itkis | first11=Yuri V. |last11=Lobanov | first12=A. N. |last12=Mezentsev | first13=K. J. |last13=Moody | first14=S. L. |last14=Nelson | first15=A. N. |last15=Polyakov | first16=C. E. |last16=Porter | first17=A. V. |last17=Ramayya | first18=F. D. |last18=Riley | first19=J. B.|last19=Roberto | first20=M. A. |last20=Ryabinin | first21=K. P. |last21=Rykaczewski | first22=R. N. |last22=Sagaidak | first23=D. A. |last23=Shaughnessy | first24=I. V. |last24=Shirokovsky | first25=M. A. |last25=Stoyer | first26=V. G. |last26=Subbotin | first27=R. |last27=Sudowe | first28=A. M. |last28=Sukhov | first29=Yu. S. |last29=Tsyganov | first30=Vladimir K. |last30=Utyonkov | first31=A. A. |last31=Voinov | first32=G. K. |last32=Vostokin | first33=P. A. |last33=Wilk -->|title=Synthesis of a New Element with Atomic Number ''Z''=117 |date=2010-04-09 |journal=Physical Review Letters |volume=104 <!--|issue=14 -->|number=142502 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.142502 |pmid=20481935 |bibcode=2010PhRvL.104n2502O |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/44610795 |display-authors=3 |pages=142502|doi-access=free }}</ref>
|-
|<sup>293</sup>Ts, <sup>289</sup>Mc, <sup>285</sup>Nh||<sup>281</sup>Rg<ref name="e117" />
|-
|<sup>288</sup>Mc, <sup>284</sup>Nh||<sup>280</sup>Rg<ref name="Organessian">{{cite book|doi=10.1063/1.2746600|chapter=Heaviest Nuclei Produced in <sup>48</sup>Ca-induced Reactions (Synthesis and Decay Properties)|title=AIP Conference Proceedings|year=2007|last1=Oganessian|first1=Yu. Ts.|last2=Penionzhkevich|first2=Yu. E.|last3=Cherepanov|first3=E. A.|volume=912|pages=235–246}}</ref>
|-
|<sup>287</sup>Mc, <sup>283</sup>Nh||<sup>279</sup>Rg<ref name="Organessian" />
|-
|<sup>286</sup>Mc, <sup>282</sup>Nh||<sup>278</sup>Rg<ref name="Organessian" />
|-
|<sup>278</sup>Nh||<sup>274</sup>Rg<ref name="04Mo01">{{cite journal|title=Experiment on the Synthesis of Element 113 in the Reaction <sup>209</sup>Bi(<sup>70</sup>Zn,n)<sup>278</sup>113|year=2004|journal=Journal of the Physical Society of Japan|volume=73|issue=10|pages=2593–2596|doi=10.1143/JPSJ.73.2593|bibcode=2004JPSJ...73.2593M|last1=Morita|first1=Kosuke|last2=Morimoto|first2=Kouji|last3=Kaji|first3=Daiya|last4=Akiyama|first4=Takahiro|last5=Goto|first5=Sin-ichi|last6=Haba|first6=Hiromitsu|first7=Eiji |last7=Ideguchi|first8=Rituparna |last8=Kanungo|first9=Kenji |last9=Katori|first10=Hiroyuki |last10=Koura|first11=Hisaaki |last11=Kudo|first12=Tetsuya |last12=Ohnishi|first13=Akira |last13=Ozawa|first14=Toshimi |last14=Suda|first15=Keisuke |last15=Sueki|first16=HuShan |last16=Xu|first17=Takayuki |last17=Yamaguchi|first18=Akira |last18=Yoneda|first19=Atsushi |last19=Yoshida|first20=YuLiang |last20=Zhao|doi-access=}}</ref>
|}
</div>
All the isotopes of roentgenium except roentgenium-272 have been detected only in the decay chains of elements with a higher [[atomic number]], such as [[nihonium]]. Nihonium currently has six known isotopes, with two more unconfirmed; all of them undergo alpha decays to become roentgenium nuclei, with mass numbers between 274 and 286. Parent nihonium nuclei can be themselves decay products of [[moscovium]] and [[tennessine]], and (via unconfirmed branches) [[flerovium]] and [[livermorium]].<ref name="nuclidetable">{{cite web |url=http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/chart/reCenter.jsp?z=111&n=170 |title=Interactive Chart of Nuclides |publisher=Brookhaven National Laboratory |last=Sonzogni |first=Alejandro |location=National Nuclear Data Center |access-date=2008-06-06 |archive-date=2012-12-11 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121211232515/http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/chart/reCenter.jsp?z=111&n=170 |url-status=dead }}</ref> For example, in January 2010, the Dubna team ([[Joint Institute for Nuclear Research|JINR]]) identified roentgenium-281 as a final product in the decay of tennessine via an alpha decay sequence:<ref name="e117" />

:{{nuclide|tennessine|293}} → {{nuclide|moscovium|289}} + {{nuclide|helium|4}}
:{{nuclide|moscovium|289}} → {{nuclide|nihonium|285}} + {{nuclide|helium|4}}
:{{nuclide|nihonium|285}} → {{nuclide|roentgenium|281}} + {{nuclide|helium|4}}

===Nuclear isomerism===
;<sup>274</sup>Rg
Two atoms of <sup>274</sup>Rg have been observed in the [[decay chain]] of <sup>278</sup>Nh. They decay by [[alpha decay|alpha emission]], emitting alpha particles with different energies, and have different lifetimes. In addition, the two entire decay chains appear to be different. This suggests the presence of two nuclear isomers but further research is required.<ref name="04Mo01" />{{Failed verification|date=September 2024}}

;<sup>272</sup>Rg
Four alpha particles emitted from <sup>272</sup>Rg with energies of 11.37, 11.03, 10.82, and 10.40&nbsp;MeV have been detected. The GSI measured <sup>272</sup>Rg to have a half-life of 1.6&nbsp;ms while recent data from RIKEN have given a half-life of 3.8&nbsp;ms. The conflicting data may be due to nuclear isomers but the current data are insufficient to come to any firm assignments.<ref name="95Ho01" /><ref name="Morita" />

===Chemical yields of isotopes===

====Cold fusion====
The table below provides cross-sections and excitation energies for cold fusion reactions producing roentgenium isotopes directly. Data in bold represent maxima derived from excitation function measurements. + represents an observed exit channel.

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!Projectile!!Target!!CN!!1n!!2n!!3n
|-
|<sup>64</sup>Ni||<sup>209</sup>Bi||<sup>273</sup>Rg||3.5&nbsp;pb, 12.5&nbsp;MeV
|-
|<sup>65</sup>Cu||<sup>208</sup>Pb||<sup>273</sup>Rg||1.7&nbsp;pb, 13.2&nbsp;MeV
|}

===Theoretical calculations===

====Evaporation residue cross sections====

The below table contains various targets-projectile combinations for which calculations have provided estimates for cross section yields from various neutron evaporation channels. The channel with the highest expected yield is given.

DNS = Di-nuclear system; σ = cross section

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Target !! Projectile !! CN !! Channel (product) !! σ<sub>max</sub> !! Model !! Ref
|-
!<sup>238</sup>U
|<sup>41</sup>K||<sup>279</sup>Rg||4n (<sup>275</sup>Rg)||0.21&nbsp;pb||DNS||<ref name="Feng108114">{{cite journal|last1=Feng|first1=Z.|last2=Jin|first2=G.|last3=Li|first3=J.|title=Production of new superheavy Z=108–114 nuclei with <sup>238</sup>U, <sup>244</sup>Pu and <sup>248,250</sup>Cm targets|date=2009|arxiv=0912.4069|journal=[[Physical Review C]]|volume=80|issue=5|pages=057601|doi=10.1103/PhysRevC.80.057601|s2cid=118733755 }}</ref>
|-
!<sup>244</sup>Pu
|<sup>37</sup>Cl||<sup>281</sup>Rg||4n (<sup>277</sup>Rg)||0.33&nbsp;pb||DNS||<ref name="Feng108114" />
|-
!<sup>248</sup>Cm
|<sup>31</sup>P||<sup>279</sup>Rg||4n (<sup>275</sup>Rg)||1.85&nbsp;pb||DNS||<ref name="Feng108114" />
|-
!<sup>250</sup>Cm
|<sup>31</sup>P||<sup>281</sup>Rg||4n (<sup>277</sup>Rg)||0.41&nbsp;pb||DNS||<ref name="Feng108114" />
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

* Isotope masses from:
**{{cite journal |author=M. Wang |author2=G. Audi |author3=A. H. Wapstra |author4=F. G. Kondev |author5=M. MacCormick |author6=X. Xu|year=2012 |title=The AME2012 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references. |url=http://amdc.in2p3.fr/masstables/Ame2012/Ame2012b-v2.pdf |journal=Chinese Physics C |volume=36 |issue= 12 |pages=1603–2014 |doi=10.1088/1674-1137/36/12/003|bibcode = 2012ChPhC..36....3M |hdl=11858/00-001M-0000-0010-23E8-5 |s2cid=250839471 |display-authors=etal}}
**{{NUBASE 2003}}
* Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources.
**{{NUBASE 2003}}
**{{NNDC}}
**{{CRC85|chapter=11}}
**{{cite journal|author=Yu. Ts. Oganessian |title=Heaviest nuclei from <sup>48</sup>Ca-induced reactions |journal=Journal of Physics G |year=2007 |volume=34 |issue=4 |pages=R165���R242|bibcode = 2007JPhG...34R.165O |doi = 10.1088/0954-3899/34/4/R01 }}

{{Navbox element isotopes}}

[[Category:Isotopes of roentgenium| ]]
[[Category:Roentgenium]]
[[Category:Lists of isotopes by element|Roentgenium]]

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