Isaiah 14: Difference between revisions

Isaiah 14
Isaiah 14
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	The Great Isaiah Scroll, the best preserved of the biblical scrolls found at Qumran from the second century BC, contains all the verses in this chapter.
Book	Book of Isaiah
Hebrew Bible part	Nevi'im
Order in the Hebrew part	5
Category	Latter Prophets
Christian Bible part	Old Testament
Order in the Christian part	23

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Revision as of 21:49, 29 August 2019

Isaiah 14 is the fourteenth chapter of the Book of Isaiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Isaiah, and is one of the Books of the Prophets.

Text

The original text was written in Hebrew language. This chapter is divided into 32 verses.

Textual witnesses

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), Aleppo Codex (10th century), Codex Leningradensis (1008).^[1]

Fragments containing parts of this chapter were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls (3rd century BC or later):^[2]

1QIsa^a: complete
4QIsa^c (4Q57): extant: verses 1-5, 13
4QIsa^l (4Q65): extant: verses 1‑12, 21‑24
4QIsa^o (4Q68): extant: verses 28‑32

There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BC. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; ${\mathfrak {G}}$ ^B; 4th century), Codex Sinaiticus (S; BHK: ${\mathfrak {G}}$ ^S; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; ${\mathfrak {G}}$ ^A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q; ${\mathfrak {G}}$ ^Q; 6th century).^[3]

Parashot

The parashah sections listed here are based on the Aleppo Codex.^[4] Isaiah 14 is a part of the Prophecies about the Nations (Isaiah 13 –23). {P}: open parashah; {S}: closed parashah.

[{S} 13:6-22] 14:1-2 {S} 14:3-27 {P} 14:28-32 {P}

Verse 12

"How you are fallen from heaven,

O Lucifer, son of the morning!

How you are cut down to the ground,

You who weakened the nations!"^[5]

"Fallen from heaven": see Luke 10:15, 18 for the words of Jesus Christ regarding the fall of Satan.
"Lucifer" or "Day-star" (Hebrew: הילל hēylēl, from הלל hâlal, "to shine"). The Septuagint renders it, Ἑωσφόρος Heōsphoros, and Jerome in the Vulgate, "Lucifer, the morning star"; in the Chaldee, "How art thou fallen from high, who wert splendid among the sons of men." The New Oxford Annotated Bible suggests the correlation with "a Canaanite myth of the gods Helel and Shahar (Morning Star and Dawn), who fall from heaven as a result of rebellion."^[6]

Verse 29

Do not rejoice, all you of Philistia,

Because the rod that struck you is broken;

For out of the serpent’s roots will come forth a viper,

And its offspring will be a fiery flying serpent.^[7]

References

^ Würthwein 1995, pp. 35–37.
^ Ulrich 2010, p. 356-359.
^ Würthwein 1995, pp. 73–74.
^ As implemented in the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 edition of the Hebrew Bible in English.
^ Isaiah 14:12 NKJV
^ The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocrypha, Augmented Third Edition, New Revised Standard Version, Indexed. Michael D. Coogan, Marc Brettler, Carol A. Newsom, Editors. Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA; 2007. pp. 998-1000 Hebrew Bible. ISBN 978-0195288810
^ Isaiah 14:29 NKJV

Bibliography

Ulrich, Eugene, ed. (2010). The Biblical Qumran Scrolls: Transcriptions and Textual Variants. Brill.
Würthwein, Ernst (1995). The Text of the Old Testament. Translated by Rhodes, Erroll F. Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans. ISBN 0-8028-0788-7. Retrieved January 26, 2019.

External links

Jewish

Isaiah 14 Hebrew with Parallel English

Christian

Isaiah 14 English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate

[FOOTNOTEWürthwein199535–37-1] Würthwein 1995, pp. 35–37.

[FOOTNOTEUlrich2010356-359-2] Ulrich 2010, p. 356-359.

[FOOTNOTEWürthwein199573–74-3] Würthwein 1995, pp. 73–74.

[4] As implemented in the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 edition of the Hebrew Bible in English.

[5] Isaiah 14:12 NKJV

[newoxford-6] The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocrypha, Augmented Third Edition, New Revised Standard Version, Indexed. Michael D. Coogan, Marc Brettler, Carol A. Newsom, Editors. Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA; 2007. pp. 998-1000 Hebrew Bible. ISBN 978-0195288810

[7] Isaiah 14:29 NKJV

[1]

@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
 ===Textual witnesses===
+Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in [[Biblical Hebrew|Hebrew]] are of the [[Masoretic Text]] tradition, which includes the [[Codex Cairensis]] (895), [[Codex Babylonicus Petropolitanus|the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets]] (916), [[Aleppo Codex]] (10th century), [[Leningrad Codex|Codex Leningradensis]] (1008).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=35-37}}
-Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew language:
-* [[Masoretic Text]] (10th century)
-* [[Dead Sea Scrolls]]:{{sfn|Ulrich|2010|p=356-359}}
+ [[Dead Sea Scrolls]]:{{sfn|Ulrich|2010|p=356-359}}
-** [[Isaiah scroll|1QIsa<sup>a</sup>]]: complete
+* [[Isaiah scroll|1QIsa<sup>a</sup>]]: complete
-** 4QIsa<sup>c</sup> (4Q57): extant: verses 1-5, 13
+* 4QIsa<sup>c</sup> (4Q57): extant: verses 1-5, 13
-** 4QIsa<sup>l</sup> (4Q65): extant: verses 1‑12, 21‑24
+* 4QIsa<sup>l</sup> (4Q65): extant: verses 1‑12, 21‑24
-** 4QIsa<sup>o</sup> (4Q68): extant: verses 28‑32
+* 4QIsa<sup>o</sup> (4Q68): extant: verses 28‑32
 There is also a translation into [[Koine Greek]] known as the [[Septuagint]], made in the last few centuries BC. Extant ancient manuscripts of the [[Septuagint]] version include [[Codex Vaticanus]] ('''B'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>B</sup>; 4th century), [[Codex Sinaiticus]] ('''S'''; [[Biblia Hebraica (Kittel)|BHK]]: <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>S</sup>; 4th century), [[Codex Alexandrinus]] ('''A'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>A</sup>; 5th century) and [[Codex Marchalianus]] ('''Q'''; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math><sup>Q</sup>; 6th century).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=73-74}}