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{{short description|1761 battle}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{refimprove|date=August 2019}}
{{One source|date=September 2024}}
}}
{{Infobox military conflict
|image=Bataille de Willinghausen.jpg
|image_size=300px
|caption=''Bataille de Willinghausen'', print, Frankfurt 1789
|conflict=Battle of Villinghausen
|partof=the [[Seven Years' War]]
|date=15–16 July 1761
|place= [[Welver|Vellinghausen]], [[Prince-Bishopric of Paderborn]]
|result=Allied victory
|combatant1={{flagcountry|Kingdom of Great Britain}}<br>{{flagicon|Hanover|1692}} [[Electorate of Hanover|Hanover]]<br>{{flagdeco|Hesse}} [[Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel|Hesse-Kassel]] <br>[[Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel|Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel]]<br>{{flag|Prussia|1750}}
|combatant2={{flagcountry|Kingdom of France}}
|commander1={{flagicon|Hanover|1692}}  [[Duke Ferdinand of Brunswick]]
|commander2= {{flagdeco|Kingdom of France}}  [[Victor-François, 2nd duc de Broglie|Duc de Broglie]]<br> {{flagdeco|Kingdom of France}} [[Charles de Rohan, prince de Soubise|Prince de Soubise]]
|strength1=~65,000
|strength2=~90,000
|casualties1=1,400
|casualties2=5,000 (Broglie 4,700, Soubise 300)
}}
{{Campaignbox Seven Years' War: European}}

The '''Battle of Villinghausen''' (or [[Welver|Vellinghausen]], also known as the Battle of Kirchdenkern), took place during the [[Seven Years' War]] fought on the 15th and 16 July 1761 in the western area of present-day Germany, between a large French army and an Anglo-German force led by [[Duke Ferdinand of Brunswick|Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick]].

==Background==
Two French armies, under two Marshals, [[Victor-François, 2nd duc de Broglie|Duc de Broglie]] and [[Charles de Rohan, prince de Soubise|Prince de Soubise]], met up in July 1761, intending to force [[Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Luneburg|Prince Ferdinand]] out of [[Lippstadt]], an important town. Allied reinforcements under [[Friedrich von Spörcken|General Spörcken]] arrived bringing Ferdinand's forces up to 65,000 while the combined French armies numbered around 90,000.<ref>Szabo p.352</ref>

==Battle==
The Anglo-German forces lined up along a series of hills, with their left anchored by the [[Lippe River]] (in the north), and the [[Ahse River]] in their centre.<ref>[https://www.abebooks.com/art-prints/Plan-Battle-Fellinghausen-alias-Kirch-Denkern/30509450079/bd Plan of the Battle of Fellinghausen alias Kirch Denkern on the 15. and 16. of July 1761]. Kupferstich v. anonym aus London Magazine, 1761, 18 x 23,2 Zeigt das Gebiet Hamm, Lippstadt im Norden, die Ruhr im Süden mit Mülheim im Osten. Im Mittelpunkt Werl und Soest. Accessed 8 July 2022.</ref> The French army advanced on 15 July, and Broglie's troops in the north made progress against German troops under Wutginau. However, British troops under [[John Manners, Marquess of Granby|Granby]] just south of Wutginau held their ground and the French assault stalled. Reinforcements for both sides arrived that night and Ferdinand strengthened his left at the expense of his right.

The next morning, Broglie continued his attack on the Allied left, expecting Soubise to attack the weakened Allied right. However, Soubise only ordered a few small actions against the right, due in part that both French commanders were the same rank and reluctant to take orders from the other. Allied reinforcements under [[Wolff]] soon arrived along the Lippe River and attacked the French flank, halting Broglie's attack and forcing his men to withdraw. By about noon, the French were in full retreat and the battle was over.

==Aftermath==
[[Image:Denkmal zur Erinnerung an die Schlacht bei Vellinghausen A1.jpg|thumb|Monument to the battle]]
News of the battle provoked euphoria in Britain, and led [[William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham|William Pitt]] to take a much tougher line in the ongoing peace negotiations with France.<ref>Szabo p.353</ref> Despite the defeat the French still had a significant superiority in numbers and continued their offensive, although the two armies split again and operated independently. Despite further attempts to push an offensive strategy in Germany, the French were pushed back and finished the war in 1762 having [[Siege of Cassel|lost the strategic post of Cassel]]. The [[Treaty of Paris (1763)|Treaty of Paris]] led France to evacuate the remaining German territory it had occupied during the war.

==Other notable officers and regiments==
* [[Lieutenant General]] [[John Manners, Marquess of Granby]], [[21st Regiment of (Light) Dragoons (Royal Forresters)]]
* [[Lieutenant-Colonel]] [[Brevet (military)|(brevet)]] [[Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis|Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Earl Cornwallis (later 1st Marquess Cornwallis)]], 12th Regiment of Foot
* [[Major General]] [[George Townshend, 1st Marquess Townshend|George Townshend, 4th Viscount Townshend (later 1st Marquess Townshend)]], possibly the 24th Regiment of Foot
* [[Pierre-François, Marquess of Rougé]], lieutenant-general, who died in action at this Battle, such as his cousin Louis-Ferdinand-Joseph de Croÿ, the 6th Duke of Croÿ-Havré ([[:fr:Maison_de_Croÿ#Liste_des_ducs_de_Croÿ|fr]]).

==See also==
* [[Great Britain in the Seven Years War]]
* [[France in the Seven Years War]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
* Szabo, Franz A.J. ''The Seven Years War in Europe, 1757-1763''. Pearson, 2008.

==Sources==
* [http://www.rickard.karoo.net/articles/battles_vellinghausen.html Military History Encyclopedia]
* [http://britishbattles.com/seven-years/vellinghausen.htm BritishBattles.com]

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Villinghausen 1761, Battle of}}
[[Category:Conflicts in 1761|Battle of Villinghausen]]
[[Category:Battles of the Seven Years' War]]
[[Category:Battles involving France]]
[[Category:Battles involving Great Britain]]
[[Category:Battles involving Prussia]]
[[Category:Military history of North Rhine-Westphalia]]
[[Category:1761 in the Holy Roman Empire]]

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