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List of skyscrapers by floor area

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Azabudai Hills Mori JP Tower, currently the world's largest skyscraper by floor area.

This list of skyscrapers by floor area includes the largest skyscrapers in the world, measured in square meters (m2) and square feet (sq ft). To qualify as a skyscraper, a structure must be self-supporting, without relying on tension cables or external supports for stability, and must reach a minimum height of 150 meters (492 feet). Furthermore, at least 50% of its height must consist of habitable floor space.[1] Structures such as communication and observation towers—like Tokyo Skytree, the CN Tower, or the Eiffel Tower—are categorized as non-building structures and are therefore excluded from this article (see list of tallest buildings and structures).

As of December 2024, and based on the criteria outlined above, the world's largest skyscraper by floor area is Tokyo's Azabudai Hills Mori JP Tower, with 461,774 m2 (4,970,490 sq ft) of floor area. Tokyo and New York City are the cities with the most skyscrapers included in the list, while China leads as the country with the highest number of entries overall.

Largest skyscrapers in the world

[edit]

This list ranks the largest skyscrapers in the world by floor area. To be included on this list, buildings must meet the definition of a skyscraper outlined above and have a floor area of approximately 250,000 m2 (2,700,000 sq ft) or more. The "Year" column indicates the year in which a building was completed. Buildings that are still under construction but have been topped out are also included.

  Indicates skyscrapers that are or were once the largest in the world by floor area
  Indicates skyscrapers that are still under construction but have been topped out
Rank Name Image Floor area
m2 (sq ft) 		City Country Height[2]
m (ft) 		Floors Year Notes
1 Azabudai Hills Mori JP Tower 461,774 (4,970,490) Tokyo  Japan 325 (1,068) 64 2023
  • Largest skyscraper in the world by floor area
  • Tallest building in Japan
  • The complex also includes the 263 m (862 ft) Residence B and the 237 m (778 ft) Residence A[3][4]
2 Ping An Finance Center 459,187 (4,942,650) Shenzhen  China 599 (1,966) 115 2017
  • Tallest building in Shenzhen, 2nd-tallest in China, and 5th-tallest in the world
  • The complex also includes the 286 m (938 ft) PAFC South and the 209 m (684 ft) PA Asset Tower[5][6][7]
3 Willis Tower 423,638 (4,560,000) Chicago  United States 442 (1,450) 108 1974
  • Tallest building in Chicago and 3rd-tallest in the USA[8]
4 Shanghai Tower 410,000 (4,400,000) Shanghai  China 632 (2,073) 128 2015
  • Tallest building in China and 3rd-tallest in the world
  • 168,000 m2 (1,810,000 sq ft) built underground[9]
5 Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre 398,000 (4,280,000) Guangzhou 530 (1,739) 111 2016
  • Tallest building in Guangzhou, 3rd-tallest in China, and 8th-tallest in the world[10]
6 The Exchange 106 385,168 (4,145,910) Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia 445 (1,460) 95 2019
7 Shanghai World Financial Center 381,600 (4,108,000) Shanghai  China 492 (1,614) 101 2008
  • 2nd-tallest building in Shanghai and 6th-tallest in China[12]
8 Roppongi Hills Mori Tower 380,105 (4,091,420) Tokyo  Japan 238 (781) 54 2003
  • The complex includes the 159 m (522 ft) Residences B and C[13][14]
9 Goldin Finance 117 370,000 (4,000,000) Tianjin  China 597 (1,959) 128 —
  • Tallest unfinished building in the world[15]
10 China Zun 350,000 (3,800,000) Beijing 528 (1,732) 108 2018
  • Tallest building in Beijing, 5th-tallest in China, and 10th-tallest in the world[16][17][18]
11 Wuhan Center 343,900 (3,702,000) Wuhan 438 (1,437) 88 2019 [19]
12 55 Water Street 341,913 (3,680,320) New York City  United States 209 (687) 53 1972
  • Largest privately-owned skyscraper in the world by floor area upon completion[20][21]
13 Aon Center 334,448 (3,599,970) Chicago 346 (1,136) 83 1973 [22]
14 One World Trade Center 325,279 (3,501,270) New York City 541 (1,776) 94 2014
  • Tallest building in the USA and 7th-tallest in the world
  • The WTC complex includes the 329 m (1,079 ft) 3 World Trade Center, the 298 m (977 ft) 4 World Trade Center, and the 227 m (743 ft) 7 World Trade Center[23][24]
15 Dalian International Trade Center 321,000 (3,460,000) Dalian  China 370 (1,214) 86 2019
16 CCTV Headquarters 316,000 (3,400,000) Beijing 234 (768) 51 2012 [27][28][29]
17 Abraj Al-Bait Clock Tower 310,638 (3,343,680) Mecca  Saudi Arabia 601 (1,971) 120 2012
  • Tallest building in Saudi Arabia and 4th-tallest in the world
  • The complex includes 5 other skyscrapers, ranging from 232 m (761 ft) to 279 m (915 ft)[30][31]
18 Suzhou IFS 310,000 (3,300,000) Suzhou  China 450 (1,476) 95 2019
  • Tallest building in Suzhou[32]
19 Burj Khalifa 309,473 (3,331,140) Dubai  United Arab Emirates 828 (2,717) 163 2010
  • Tallest building in the world[33]
20 Lotte World Tower 304,081 (3,273,100) Seoul  South Korea 555 (1,819) 123 2016
21 Wuhan Greenland Center 303,275 (3,264,420) Wuhan  China 476 (1,560) 97 2022
  • Tallest building in Wuhan and 8th-tallest in China[36]
22 Changsha IFS Tower T1 300,000 (3,200,000) Changsha 452 (1,483) 88 2018
  • Tallest building in Changsha and 10th-tallest in China[37][38]
23 Merdeka 118 292,000 (3,140,000) Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia 679 (2,227) 118 2022
  • Tallest building in Malaysia and 2nd-tallest in the world[39][40]
24 Tianjin CTF Finance Centre 291,610 (3,138,900) Tianjin  China 530 (1,739) 98 2019
  • Tallest building completed in Tianjin, 3rd-tallest in China, and 8th-tallest in the world[41]
25 Xi'an Glory International Financial Center 289,978 (3,121,300) Xi'an 350 (1,148) 75 2022
26 Jin Mao Tower 289,500 (3,116,000) Shanghai 421 (1,380) 88 1999 [44]
27 Tokyo Midtown Yaesu Yaesu Central Tower 283,896 (3,055,830) Tokyo  Japan 240 (787) 45 2022 [45][46][47]
28 Shun Hing Square 280,000 (3,000,000) Shenzhen  China 384 (1,260) 69 1996 [48]
29 International Commerce Centre 274,064 (2,950,000) Hong Kong 484 (1,588) 108 2010
  • Tallest building in Hong Kong and 7th-tallest in China[49]
30 Guangxi China Resources Tower 272,255 (2,930,530) Nanning 403 (1,321) 85 2020
  • Tallest building in Nanning[50]
31 50 Hudson Yards 269,000 (2,900,000) New York City  United States 299 (981) 58 2022
  • The Hudson Yards complex includes 5 other skyscrapers, ranging from 237 m (779 ft) to 387 m (1,270 ft) in height[51][52][53]
32 China Resources Headquarters 268,713 (2,892,400) Shenzhen  China 393 (1,288) 67 2017
  • The complex includes several other facilities, with high-rises ranging from 145 m (476 ft) to 246 m (807 ft)[54][55][56]
33 Blue Front Shibaura S Tower 268,167 (2,886,530) Tokyo  Japan 229 (751) 43 2025
  • Topped out: construction is expected to last until February 2025
  • The complex will include the 227 m (746 ft) N Tower and will have a total floor area of 550,209 m2 (5,922,400 sq ft)[57][58]
34 JR Gate Tower 265,576 (2,858,640) Nagoya  Japan 220 (722) 46 2017
  • The JR Central Station complex also includes the 245 m (804 ft) Office Tower and the 226 m (741 ft) Hotel Tower[59][60][61]
35 The Spiral 264,774 (2,850,000) New York City  United States 314 (1,031) 66 2022 [62]
36 Shinjuku Park Tower 264,141 (2,843,190) Tokyo  Japan 235 (771) 52 1994 [63]
37 Golden Eagle Tiandi Tower A 263,992 (2,841,590) Nanjing  China 368 (1,208) 76 2019
  • The GE World complex includes the 328 m (1,076 ft) Tower B and the 300 m (984 ft) Tower C[64][65]
38 MetLife Building 263,985 (2,841,510) New York City  United States 246 (808) 59 1963
  • Largest skyscraper in the world from 1963 until 1972[66]
39 John Hancock Center 260,126 (2,799,970) Chicago  United States 344 (1,128) 100 1969 [67]
40 Yokohama Landmark Tower 259,000 (2,790,000) Yokohama  Japan 296 (972) 70 1993
  • Tallest building in Yokohama and 3rd-tallest in Japan[68][69]
41 First Canadian Place 250,849 (2,700,120) Toronto  Canada 298 (978) 72 1975 [70]
42 Guangzhou International Finance Center 250,095 (2,692,000) Guangzhou  China 440 (1,440) 103 2010 [71][72]
43 Landmark 81 249,000 (2,680,000) Ho Chi Minh City  Vietnam 461 (1,513) 81 2018
  • Tallest building in Vietnam[73]


Largest skyscraper complexes in the world

[edit]

This list ranks the world's largest skyscraper complexes by floor area. A skyscraper complex may include multiple skyscrapers, as well as other buildings or facilities, that are either physically connected or part of the same development project. To be included, a complex must have a total floor area of approximately 250,000 m2 (2,700,000 sq ft) or more. The "Height" column indicates the height of the tallest building within the complex, which may not necessarily have the largest floor area. The "Year" column indicates the completion year of the most recent building within the complex.

Rank Name Image Floor area
m2 (sq ft) 		City Country Height[74]
m (ft) 		Year Notes
1 Abraj Al-Bait 1,575,815 (16,961,930) Mecca  Saudi Arabia 601 (1,971) 2012
  • The complex includes 6 skyscrapers, ranging from 232 m (761 ft) to 601 m (1,971 ft) in height[30][31]
2 Hudson Yards 986,766 (10,621,460)+ New York City  United States 387 (1,270) 2022
  • The Hudson Yards complex includes 6 skyscrapers, ranging from 237 m (779 ft) to 387 m (1,270 ft) in height[53]
3 World Trade Center 973,847 (10,482,400)+ 541 (1,776) 2018
  • 1 WTC is the largest and tallest building within the WTC complex
  • The complex also includes the 329 m (1,079 ft) 3 WTC, the 298 m (977 ft) 4 WTC, and the 227 m (743 ft) 7 WTC[23][24]
4 Golden Eagle Tiandi 920,000 (9,900,000) Nanjing  China 368 (1,208) 2019
  • The GE World complex includes 3 skyscrapers, ranging from 300 m (984 ft) to 368 m (1,208 ft) in height[64][65]
5 Azabudai Hills 860,400 (9,261,000) Tokyo  Japan 325 (1,068) 2025
  • Mori JP Tower is the largest and tallest building within the Azabudai Hills complex
  • The complex also includes the 263 m (862 ft) Residence B and the 237 m (778 ft) Residence A
  • Residence B is still under construction but is topped out[3][4]
6 China Resources Shenzhen Bay 858,738 (9,243,380) Shenzhen  China 393 (1,288) 2021
  • The complex includes several other facilities, with high-rises ranging from 145 m (476 ft) to 393 m (1,288 ft) in height[54][55][56]
7 Lotte World Tower 805,872 (8,674,330) Seoul  South Korea 555 (1,819) 2016
8 Roppongi Hills 793,165 (8,537,560) Tokyo  Japan 238 (781) 2003
  • Mori Tower is the largest and tallest building within the Roppongi Hills complex
  • The complex also includes the 159 m (522 ft) Residences B and C[13][14]
9 Toranomon Hills 792,900 (8,535,000) 266 (872) 2023
  • The complex includes the 266 m (872 ft) Station Tower, the 256 m (838 ft) Mori Tower, the 222 m (727 ft) Residential Tower, and the 185 m (608 ft) Business Tower[75][76]
10 Iconsiam 750,000 (8,100,000) Bangkok  Thailand 316 (1,037) 2019
  • The complex includes the 316 m (1,037 ft) Magnolia Waterfront Residences and the 272 m (893 ft) Mandarin Oriental Residences[77][78][79]
11 Berjaya Times Square 695,995 (7,491,630) Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia 203 (666) 2003
  • The complex includes the 203 m (666 ft) Towers A and B, both connected to a shopping mall[80][81]
12 Ping An Finance Center 690,928 (7,437,090)+ Shenzhen  China 599 (1,966) 2022
  • The complex also includes the 286 m (938 ft) PAFC South and the 209 m (684 ft) PA Asset Tower[5][6][7]
13 JR Central Station 682,576 (7,347,190) Nagoya  Japan 245 (804) 2017
  • The JR Central Station complex includes the JR Central Towers and the JR Gate Tower, ranging from 220 m (721 ft) to 245 m (804 ft) in height[59][60][61]
14 Merdeka 118 673,862 (7,253,390) Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia 679 (2,227) 2023 [39][40]
15 Haeundae LCT The Sharp 661,138 (7,116,430) Busan  South Korea 412 (1,350) 2019
  • The complex includes the 412 m (1,350 ft) Landmark Tower, the 339 m (1,113 ft) Tower A, and the 333 m (1,093 ft) Tower B[82][83]
16 Marina Bay Sands 581,400 (6,258,000) Singapore  Singapore 207 (679) 2010
  • The complex includes 3 skyscrapers around 207 m (679 ft) tall, topped by the Sands Skypark[84][85]
17 Shanghai Tower 578,000 (6,220,000) Shanghai  China 632 (2,073) 2015
  • Skyscraper's floor area (above ground): 410,000 m2 (4,400,000 sq ft)
  • 168,000 m2 (1,810,000 sq ft) built underground[9]
18 Abu Dhabi Plaza 550,000 (5,900,000) Astana  Kazakhstan 311 (1,020) 2021
  • The complex includes the 311 m (1,020 ft) Abu Dhabi Plaza, which is the tallest building in Central Asia, the 130 m (427 ft) Office Tower 2, and the 125 m (410 ft) Office Tower 1 [86][87]
19 Petronas Towers 536,300 (5,773,000) Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia 452 (1,483) 2012
  • The complex includes the 452 m (1,483 ft) Petronas Twin Towers, completed in 1996, and the 267 m (876 ft) Tower 3, completed in 2012
  • Floor area of the two twin towers: 395,000 m2 (4,250,000 sq ft)
  • Floor area of a single twin tower: 197,500 m2 (2,126,000 sq ft)[88]
20 Yaesu Redevelopment 514,813 (5,541,400) Tokyo  Japan 250 (819) 2025
  • The complex includes the 250 m (819 ft) Yaesu 1-Chōme East District Redevelopment, which is still under construction but is topped out, and the 240 m (787 ft) Tokyo Midtown Yaesu[89][45][46][47]
21 Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre 507,681 (5,464,630) Guangzhou  China 530 (1,739) 2016 [10]
22 CCTV Headquarters 473,000 (5,090,000) Beijing 234 (768) 2012 [27][28][29]
23 The Exchange 106 453,835 (4,885,040) Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia 445 (1,460) 2019
24 Guangzhou International Finance Center 448,371 (4,826,230) Guangzhou  China 440 (1,440) 2010 [71][72]
25 Federation Tower 439,154 (4,727,010) Moscow  Russia 374 (1,226) 2016
  • The Federation Tower complex includes the 374 m (1,226 ft) Vostok, which is the tallest building in Moscow and 2nd-tallest in Russia, and the 242 m (794 ft) Zapad, both connected by a podium[90]
26 China Zun 427,000 (4,600,000) Beijing  China 528 (1,732) 2018 [16][17][18]
27 Taipei 101 412,500 (4,440,000) Taipei  Taiwan 508 (1,667) 2004
  • Skyscraper's floor area: 198,347 m2 (2,134,990 sq ft)
  • Tallest building in Taiwan[91][92]
28 Suzhou IFS 393,200 (4,232,000) Suzhou  China 450 (1,476) 2019 [32]
29 Yokohama Landmark Tower 392,885 (4,228,980) Yokohama  Japan 296 (972) 1993 [68][69]
30 Tianjin CTF Finance Centre 389,980 (4,197,700) Tianjin  China 530 (1,739) 2019 [41]
31 Otemachi One 357,700 (3,850,000) Tokyo  Japan 200 (656) 2020
  • The complex includes the 200 m (656 ft) Otemachi One Tower and the 158 m (518 ft) Mitsui & Co. Building[93][94]
32 Neva Towers 349,232 (3,759,100) Moscow  Russia 345 (1,132) 2020
  • The complex includes the 345 m (1,132 ft) Tower 2 and the 302 m (991 ft) Tower 1[95]
33 Osaka Umeda Twin Towers North 329,635 (3,548,160) Osaka  Japan 187 (614) 2012
  • Skyscraper's floor area (including a podium directly below the offices): 253,955 m2 (2,733,550 sq ft)
  • Skyscraper's floor area (offices only): 102,000 m2 (1,100,000 sq ft)[96][97][98][99]
34 Abeno Harukas 305,901 (3,292,690) 300 (984) 2014
  • Skyscraper's floor area: 211,901 m2 (2,280,880 sq ft)[100][101]
35 Forum 66 305,114 (3,284,220) Shenyang  China 351 (1,150) 2015
  • Skyscraper's floor area: 203,154 m2 (2,186,730 sq ft)
  • Tallest building in Shenyang[102][103]
36= Al Hamra Tower 290,000 (3,100,000) Kuwait City  Kuwait 413 (1,354) 2011
  • Skyscraper's floor area: 178,061 m2 (1,916,630 sq ft)
  • Tallest building in Kuwait[104][105]
36= OKO 290,000 (3,100,000) Moscow  Russia 354 (1,160) 2015
  • The complex includes the 354 m (1,162 ft) Residential Tower and the 245 m (803 ft) Office Tower[106][107][108]
38 Greenland Group Suzhou Center 284,828 (3,065,860) Suzhou  China 358 (1,175) 2024
  • Skyscraper's floor area (above ground): 216,628 m2 (2,331,760 sq ft)
  • 66,200 m2 (713,000 sq ft) built underground[109][110][111][112]
39 Brookfield Place (Toronto) 276,110 (2,972,000) Toronto  Canada 263 (863) 1992
  • The complex includes the 263 m (863 ft) TD Canada Trust Tower and the 208 m (683 ft) Bay Wellington Tower
  • Bay Wellington's floor area: 148,640 m2 (1,599,900 sq ft)
  • TD Trust Tower's floor area: 127,470 m2 (1,372,100 sq ft)[113][114]


Largest under construction and proposed

[edit]

The tables below list skyscrapers currently under construction and proposed for construction, with floor areas expected to reach approximately 250,000 m2 (2,700,000 sq ft) or more. Visionary projects are excluded.

Under construction

[edit]
  Indicates skyscrapers that are still under construction but have been topped out
Name Floor area
m2 (sq ft) 		Floor area (Complex)
m2 (sq ft) 		City Country Height[115]
m (ft) 		Floors Year Notes
Torch Tower 553,000 (5,950,000) 748,000 (8,050,000) Tokyo  Japan 385 (1,263) 62 2028
Hainan Center (Haikou Tower 1) 387,423 (4,170,190) — Haikou  China 428 (1,404) 94 2027
Nihonbashi 1-Chōme Central District Redevelopment 374,004 (4,025,750) 480,000 (5,200,000) Tokyo  Japan 284 (932) 52 2026
  • The complex includes the 121 m (396 ft) COREDO Nihonbashi[120][121]
North Bund Tower 349,616 (3,763,240) — Shanghai  China 480 (1,575) 97 2030 [122]
Blue Front Shibaura S Tower 268,167 (2,886,530) 550,209 (5,922,400) Tokyo  Japan 229 (751) 43 2025
  • Topped out: construction is expected to last until February 2025
  • The complex will include the 227 m (746 ft) N Tower and will have a total floor area of 550,209 m2 (5,922,400 sq ft)[57][58]
Wuhan CTF Finance Center 250,000 (2,700,000) 680,000 (7,300,000) Wuhan  China 475 (1,558) 84 2029 [123][124]

Proposed

[edit]
Name Floor area
m2 (sq ft) 		Floor area (Complex)
m2 (sq ft) 		City Country Height[125]
m (ft) 		Floors Year Notes
Roppongi 5-Chōme West District Building A-1 794,450 (8,551,400) 1,081,960 (11,646,100) Tokyo  Japan 327 (1,073) 66 2030
Tokyo Cross Park Central Tower 361,000 (3,890,000) 1,068,000 (11,500,000)+ 235 (769) 48 2029
  • The complex will also include the 233 m (763 ft) South Tower, the 230 m (755 ft) North Tower, and the 145 m (476 ft) Imperial Hotel Tokyo New Main Building[129]
Ikebukuro Station West Exit Redevelopment Building B 301,200 (3,242,000) 582,700 (6,272,000) 270 (886) 50 2040
  • The complex will include a 220 m (722 ft) Building A and Building C, which will consist of a 185 m (607 ft) East Tower and a 155 m (509 ft) West Tower[130]
Nakano Station New North Entrance 298,000 (3,210,000) — 262 (860) 61 2029 [131]
Tokyo Cross Park South Tower 287,000 (3,090,000) 1,068,000 (11,500,000)+ 233 (763) 45 2027 [129]
Nihonbashi 1-Chōme East District Block A 274,000 (2,950,000) 384,000 (4,130,000) 205 (673) 40 2032
  • The complex will include a 213 m (699 ft) building in Block B[132][133]
Tokyo Cross Park North Tower 270,000 (2,900,000) 1,068,000 (11,500,000)+ 230 (755) 46 2030 [129][134]
Shibuya 2-Chōme West District Redevelopment Tower B 255,000 (2,740,000) 322,200 (3,468,000) 208 (682) 41 2029
  • The complex will include a 175 m (574 ft) Tower C[135]

Timeline of largest skyscrapers in the world

[edit]

This is a list of buildings that once held the title of largest skyscraper in the world by floor area. The original World Trade Center Twin Towers held this distinction for nearly 30 years. Currently, the title belongs to Azabudai Hills Mori JP Tower.

  Indicates skyscrapers that have been demolished or destroyed
Name Image Years as largest Floor area
m2 (sq ft) 		City Country Height[136]
m (ft) 		Floors Notes
MetLife Building 1963–1972 263,985 (2,841,510) New York City  United States 246 (808) 59 [66]
1 World Trade Center (1971–2001) 1972–2001 429,583 (4,623,990) New York City  United States 417 (1,368) 110 [137]
2 World Trade Center (1971–2001) 1973–2001 429,583 (4,623,990) 415 (1,362) 110 [137]
Willis Tower 2001–2017 423,638 (4,560,000) Chicago  United States 442 (1,450) 108 [8]
Ping An Finance Center 2017–2023 459,187 (4,942,650) Shenzhen  China 599 (1,966) 115 [5]
Azabudai Hills Mori JP Tower 2023–present 461,774 (4,970,490) Tokyo  Japan 325 (1,068) 64 [3][4]

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[edit]
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  22. ^ "Aon Center - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
  23. ^ a b "One World Trade Center - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-13.
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  25. ^ "Dalian International Trade Center - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-13.
  26. ^ "大连市人民政府经济合作交流办公室 招商项目推介区 大连国贸中心大厦". jh.dl.gov.cn. Retrieved 2021-08-12.
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  33. ^ "Burj Khalifa - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-13.
  34. ^ a b "Lotte World Tower - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-13.
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  42. ^ "Glory・Xi'an International Financial Center - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
  43. ^ "Schindler to equip Glory・Xi'an International Finance Center, the tallest building in Northwestern China". 2019-01-22. Archived from the original on 22 January 2019. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
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  50. ^ "Guangxi China Resources Tower - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
  51. ^ "50 Hudson Yards - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
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  58. ^ a b "地上43階、高さ228.88m「ブルーフロント芝浦 S棟」の建設状況！レインボーブリッジからも撮影（2024.6.1）". 超高層マンション・超高層ビル (in Japanese). Retrieved 2024-12-14.
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  62. ^ "The Spiral - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
  63. ^ "Shinjuku Park Tower - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
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  67. ^ "875 North Michigan Avenue - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
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  71. ^ a b "Guangzhou International Finance Center - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
  72. ^ a b "项目经验 | J. Roger Preston Limited - 超高层建筑 - 广州国际金融中心, 中国广州 (432米高)". www.jrp-group.com. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
  73. ^ "Vincom Landmark 81 - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-16.
  74. ^ "Create Lists/Graphics – The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2019-06-10.
  75. ^ "Toranomon Hills｜Major Project｜Mori Building Co., Ltd". www.mori.co.jp. Retrieved 2024-12-16.
  76. ^ "Toranomon Hills Complex - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-16.
  77. ^ "Icon Siam Complex - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-16.
  78. ^ "Magnolias Waterfront Residences IconSiam, Bangkok - SkyscraperPage.com". skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2024-12-16.
  79. ^ "Thailand's Landmark ICONSIAM Ranked Among Top Four Best Shopping Centers in World - PR Newswire APAC". en.prnasia.com. Retrieved 2024-12-16.
  80. ^ "Berjaya Times Square Complex - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-16.
  81. ^ "Berjaya Times Square | TYLin Group". www.tylin.com. Retrieved 2024-12-16.
  82. ^ "Haeundae LCT The Sharp Complex - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-16.
  83. ^ [https://m.dt.co.kr/contents.html?article_no=2020011302101732036001 "�ʰ��� ���๰ ���� �����ϴ� �����ڰǼ�"]. ������Ÿ�ӽ� (in Korean). 2020-01-12. Retrieved 2024-12-16. {{cite web}}: replacement character in |title= at position 1 (help); replacement character in |website= at position 1 (help)
  84. ^ Petrík, Vojtěch. "Marina Bay Sands Hotel" (PDF). deloitte.com. Retrieved December 16, 2024.
  85. ^ "Marina Bay Sands Singapore, Singapore - SkyscraperPage.com". skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2024-12-16.
  86. ^ "Abu Dhabi Plaza, Astana - SkyscraperPage.com". skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2024-12-16.
  87. ^ NiNa.Az (2024-12-03). "Абу-Даби Плаза". www.wp1.kk-kz.nina.az (in Kazakh (Kazakhstan)). Retrieved 2024-12-16.
  88. ^ "Petronas Towers Complex - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-16.
  89. ^ "Yaesu Redevelopment Complex - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-15.
  90. ^ "Federation Tower Complex - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-13.
  91. ^ "TAIPEI 101 - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-13.
  92. ^ "Taipei 101". Supertall!. Retrieved 2024-12-13.
  93. ^ "Otemachi-One (OH-1) Complex - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-16.
  94. ^ "About Otemachi One" (PDF). mitsui.com.
  95. ^ "NEVA TOWERS Complex - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-16.
  96. ^ "大阪梅田ツインタワーズ・ノース／日本の超高層ビル". skyskysky.net. Retrieved 2024-12-16.
  97. ^ "Osaka Umeda Twin Towers North | Commercial /Retail | Projects". NIKKEN SEKKEI LTD. Retrieved 2024-12-16.
  98. ^ "Umeda Hankyu Building - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-16.
  99. ^ "大阪梅田ツインタワーズ・ノース Osaka Umeda Twin Towers North" (PDF). office.hankyu-hanshin.co.jp. Retrieved December 16, 2024.
  100. ^ "Abeno Harukas - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-16.
  101. ^ "基本情報｜あべのハルカスについて｜あべのハルカス". www.abenoharukas-300.jp. Retrieved 2024-12-16.
  102. ^ "Forum 66 Tower 1 - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-13.
  103. ^ "恒隆 - 沈阳市府恒隆广场". 2020-01-29. Archived from the original on 29 January 2020. Retrieved 2024-12-13.
  104. ^ "Al Hamra Tower, Kuwait City - Verdict Designbuild". www.designbuild-network.com. Retrieved 2021-08-12.
  105. ^ "Al Hamra Tower - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
  106. ^ "OKO Business Centre Complex - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
  107. ^ "OKO Towers". ANT YAPI. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
  108. ^ "OKO Apartment Tower, Moscow - SkyscraperPage.com". skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
  109. ^ "Greenland Group Suzhou Center". The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved October 21, 2014.
  110. ^ "喜报！吴江第一高楼"苏州绿地中心"正式封顶_腾讯新闻". new.qq.com. Retrieved 2021-08-12.
  111. ^ "誉德工程控股集团". en.idea-tek.com. Retrieved 2024-12-13.
  112. ^ "Idea 765854: Greenland Group Suzhou Center by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM)". Architizer. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
  113. ^ "TD Canada Trust Tower, Toronto - SkyscraperPage.com". skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2024-12-16.
  114. ^ "Brookfield Place Complex - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-16.
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  116. ^ Shimbun, The Yomiuri (2023-09-27). "Groundbreaking Ceremony held for Torch Tower, to be Japan's Tallest Building at 385m". japannews.yomiuri.co.jp. Retrieved 2024-12-15.
  117. ^ "Tokyo Torch - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-15.
  118. ^ "高さ日本一の超高層ビル！地上62階、高さ385m「Torch Tower（トーチタワー）」の建設状況（2024.8.17）". 超高層マンション・超高層ビル (in Japanese). Retrieved 2024-12-15.
  119. ^ "Haikou Towers Complex - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-15.
  120. ^ "地上52階、高さ283.96m「日本橋一丁目中地区第一種市街地再開発事業」の建設状況！高さ200m超えホテルフロアの建設中（2024.11.3）". 超高層マンション・超高層ビル (in Japanese). Retrieved 2024-12-15.
  121. ^ "三井不動産｜「COREDO 日本橋」グランドオープン(2004年3月30日)". 三井不動産グループ (in Japanese). Retrieved 2024-12-15.
  122. ^ "North Bund Tower - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-15.
  123. ^ "Wuhan CTF Finance Center - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-15.
  124. ^ "Wuhan CTF Finance Centre by Ronald Lu & Partners". Architizer. 2023-07-18. Retrieved 2024-12-15.
  125. ^ "Create Lists/Graphics – The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2019-06-10.
  126. ^ "Large-Scale Urban Development Plans in Tokyo are Released – CTBUH". www.ctbuh.org. Retrieved 2024-12-15.
  127. ^ "第二六本木ヒルズ！高さ327mのビルや高さ288mのタワマン「六本木五丁目西地区」の環境影響評価書案に係る見解書が公開". 超高層マンション・超高層ビル (in Japanese). Retrieved 2024-12-15.
  128. ^ "Roppongi 5-chome West District Type 1 Urban Redevelopment Project Complex - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-15.
  129. ^ a b c "高さ約230mの超高層ビル3棟「内幸町一丁目街区（TOKYO CROSS PARK構想）」の既存建物解体状況！日比谷公園東側の超大規模再開発（2023.10.28）". 超高層マンション・超高層ビル (in Japanese). Retrieved 2024-12-15.
  130. ^ "高さ270m・220m・185mの超高層ビル！池袋駅西口側の超大規模再開発「池袋駅西口地区」の環境影響評価書案に係る見解書が公開". 超高層マンション・超高層ビル (in Japanese). Retrieved 2024-12-15.
  131. ^ "中野サンプラザ跡地等に建設される高さ262m「中野四丁目新北口駅前地区」の事業計画の変更届が公開！2029年12月竣工予定に変更へ". 超高層マンション・超高層ビル (in Japanese). Retrieved 2024-12-15.
  132. ^ "日本橋一丁目東地区第一種市街地再開発事業が2026年10月に着工へ！A街区のオフィスビルが高さ240mから高さ205m、B街区のタワマンが高さ225mから高さ213mへ規模縮小". 超高層マンション・超高層ビル (in Japanese). Retrieved 2024-12-15.
  133. ^ "Nihonbashi 1-chome East District Type 1 Urban Redevelopment Project Complex - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-15.
  134. ^ "Uchisaiwaicho 1 Chome District Redevelopment North Block - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2024-12-15.
  135. ^ "「渋谷二丁目西地区再開発」の概要判明！地上41階、高さ208mの超高層ビル、地上41階、高さ175mのタワーマンション建設へ！". 超高層マンション・超高層ビル (in Japanese). Retrieved 2024-12-15.
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