Piroplasmida

Piroplasmida
	Babesia sp.
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Clade:	Diaphoretickes
Clade:	SAR
Clade:	Alveolata
Phylum:	Apicomplexa
Class:	Aconoidasida
Order:	Piroplasmida
Families and genera
	incertae sedis Anthemosoma; Babesia microti; ; Babesiidae Babesia; Echinozoon; Entopolypoides; ; Dactylosomatidae Dactylosoma; Haemohormidium; ; Theileriidae Haematoxenus; Sauroplasma; Theileria; ;

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Piroplasmida phylogeny (mtDNA)^[2]

Piroplasmida

Babesia s.s.

Theileriidae

	Theileria s.s.

	Cytauxzoon

Theileria equi

Babesia conradae

Babesia microti

Piroplasmida is an order of parasites in the phylum Apicomplexa.^[3]^[4] They divide by binary fission and as sporozoan parasites they possess sexual and asexual phases (sexual reproduction occurs in the tick gut^[5]). They include the tick parasites Babesia and Theileria.^[6]^[7]

Description

They are minute rounded or pyriform parasites found within erythrocytes, or other circulating or endothelial cells of vertebrates, where they reproduce by merogony. The trophozoite stage is separated from erythrocyte by a single membrane. This distinguishes them from other blood parasites that usually have at least two membranes.

An apical complex with a polar ring and rhopteries occurs, but without a conoid and usually without associated pellicular microtubules. They lack flagella and do not form either oocysts or spores.

The known vectors are ticks or leeches in which they undergo sporogony; sexual reproduction probably occurs in the vector.

References

^ Manwell RD (1964). "The Genus Dactylosoma". The Journal of Protozoology. 11 (4): 526–530. doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.1964.tb01792.x. PMID 14231179.
^ Schreeg, ME; Marr, HS; Tarigo, JL; Cohn, LA; Bird, DM; Scholl, EH; Levy, MG; Wiegmann, BM; Birkenheuer, AJ (2016). "Mitochondrial Genome Sequences and Structures Aid in the Resolution of Piroplasmida phylogeny". PLOS ONE. 11 (11): e0165702. Bibcode:2016PLoSO..1165702S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0165702. PMC 5104439. PMID 27832128.
^ "Definition: piroplasmida from Online Medical Dictionary". ncl.ac.uk. Retrieved 1 January 2019.
^ "PIROPLASMIDA; Page 1 of the families of the order; Piroplasmida". British Towns and Villages. Retrieved 1 January 2019.
^ Rudzinska MA, Spielman A, Lewengrub S, Trager W, Piesman J (May 1983). "Sexuality in piroplasms as revealed by electron microscopy in Babesia microti". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 80 (10): 2966–70. Bibcode:1983PNAS...80.2966R. doi:10.1073/pnas.80.10.2966. PMC 393954. PMID 6574467.
^ "Definition: Theileriidae from Online Medical Dictionary". ncl.ac.uk. Retrieved 1 January 2019.
^ "Theleriosis: The causal organism and life cycle". animaldiseases.org. Archived from the original on 18 November 2007. Retrieved 1 January 2019.

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[1] Manwell RD (1964). "The Genus Dactylosoma". The Journal of Protozoology. 11 (4): 526–530. doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.1964.tb01792.x. PMID 14231179.

[pmid27832128-2] Schreeg, ME; Marr, HS; Tarigo, JL; Cohn, LA; Bird, DM; Scholl, EH; Levy, MG; Wiegmann, BM; Birkenheuer, AJ (2016). "Mitochondrial Genome Sequences and Structures Aid in the Resolution of Piroplasmida phylogeny". PLOS ONE. 11 (11): e0165702. Bibcode:2016PLoSO..1165702S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0165702. PMC 5104439. PMID 27832128.

[3] "Definition: piroplasmida from Online Medical Dictionary". ncl.ac.uk. Retrieved 1 January 2019.

[4] "PIROPLASMIDA; Page 1 of the families of the order; Piroplasmida". British Towns and Villages. Retrieved 1 January 2019.

[5] Rudzinska MA, Spielman A, Lewengrub S, Trager W, Piesman J (May 1983). "Sexuality in piroplasms as revealed by electron microscopy in Babesia microti". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 80 (10): 2966–70. Bibcode:1983PNAS...80.2966R. doi:10.1073/pnas.80.10.2966. PMC 393954. PMID 6574467.

[6] "Definition: Theileriidae from Online Medical Dictionary". ncl.ac.uk. Retrieved 1 January 2019.

[7] "Theleriosis: The causal organism and life cycle". animaldiseases.org. Archived from the original on 18 November 2007. Retrieved 1 January 2019.

[1]

Description

See also

References