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Help! (song)

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"Help!"
US picture sleeve
Single by the Beatles
from the album Help!
B-side"I'm Down"
Released19 July 1965 (1965-07-19)
Recorded13 April 1965 (stereo version); 13 April and 24 May 1965 (mono version)
StudioEMI, London
GenreFolk rock[1]
Length2:18
Label
Songwriter(s)Lennon–McCartney
Producer(s)George Martin
The Beatles UK singles chronology
"Ticket to Ride"
(1965) 		"Help!"
(1965) 		"We Can Work It Out" / "Day Tripper"
(1965)
The Beatles US singles chronology
"Ticket to Ride"
(1965) 		"Help!"
(1965) 		"Yesterday"
(1965)
Promotional film
"Help!" on YouTube

"Help!" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles that served as the title song for the 1965 film and the band's accompanying soundtrack album. It was released as a single in July 1965, and was number one for three weeks in the United States and the United Kingdom. Credited to Lennon–McCartney, "Help!" was written by John Lennon with some assistance from Paul McCartney. During an interview with Playboy in 1980, Lennon recounted: "The whole Beatles thing was just beyond comprehension. I was subconsciously crying out for help".

The song was ranked at number 29 on Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Songs of All Time in 2004 and 2010,[2] and then was re-ranked at number 447 in the 2021 list.[3] In 2008, the 1965 Capitol Records recording of "Help!" was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.[4]

Composition

[edit]

The documentary series The Beatles Anthology revealed that Lennon wrote the lyrics of the song to express his stress after the Beatles' quick rise to success. "I was fat and depressed and I was crying out for 'Help'", Lennon told Playboy.[5] Writer Ian MacDonald describes the song as the first crack in the protective shell Lennon had built around his emotions during the Beatles' rise to fame, and an important milestone in his songwriting style.[6]

In the 1970 Rolling Stone "Lennon Remembers" interviews, Lennon said that the song was one of his favourites among the Beatles songs he wrote. In these interviews, Lennon said he felt that "Help!" and "Strawberry Fields Forever" were his most honest, genuine Beatles songs and not just songs "written to order". According to Lennon's cousin and boyhood friend Stanley Parkes, "Help!" was written after Lennon "came in from the studio one night. 'God,' he said, 'they've changed the title of the film: it's going to be called 'Help!' now. So I've had to write a new song with the title called 'Help!'."[7]

According to McCartney, he was called in "to complete it", providing the "countermelody" arrangement, on 4 April 1965 at Lennon's house in Weybridge.[8][9][10]

Recording

[edit]

The Beatles recorded "Help!" in 12 takes on 13 April 1965 using four-track equipment. The first nine takes concentrated on the instrumental backing. The descending lead guitar riff that precedes each verse proved to be difficult, so by take 4 it was decided to postpone it for an overdub. To guide the later overdub by George Harrison, Lennon thumped the beat on his acoustic guitar body, which can be heard in the final stereo mix. Lead and backing vocals were recorded twice onto take 9, along with a tambourine. A reduction mix was applied to the two vocal tracks, taking three attempts (takes 10 to 12), freeing up a track for the lead guitar overdub.[11] This was the group's first use of two 4-track machines for "bouncing".[12]

The vocals were re-recorded for the film during a session on 24 May 1965 at CTS Studios, a facility specializing in post-synchronisation.[13] In addition to attempting a better vocal performance, the session might have been done to eliminate the tambourine (which had been on the same track as the vocals) since no tambourine appeared in the film sequence.[14] With the new vocals, a mono mix was created at CTS Studios which was used for the film soundtrack. Mixes for record releases were prepared on 18 June. For the mono version, George Martin decided to use a mix of the opening chorus of take 12 edited to the remainder of the CTS film mix.[13] Because all instruments were combined on a single track for the CTS session, it could not be used for a stereo mix, so the stereo mix was made from take 12.[14]

This film version of the song was only heard on the original VHS releases of the movie, later replaced by the stereo mixes. A true release was never issued. New mixes were created for releases of the Help! CD (1987), the Love album (2006), and the Help! DVD (2007).[11]

Releases

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Advertisement for "Help!"

"Help!" went to number 1 on both the UK and US singles charts in late summer 1965. It was the fourth of six number 1 singles in a row on the American charts: "I Feel Fine", "Eight Days a Week", "Ticket to Ride", "Help!", "Yesterday" and "We Can Work It Out".[15] At the following year's Ivor Novello Awards, "Help!" was named as the second best-selling single of 1965, behind "We Can Work It Out".[16][17] "Help!" was nominated in four categories at the 1966 Grammy Awards but failed to win in any of them.[18]

The song appears on the Help! LP, the US Help! soundtrack, 1962–1966, the Imagine: John Lennon soundtrack, 1, Love, and The Capitol Albums, Volume 2. The mono version (with different vocals and no tambourine) was included on the Beatles' Rarities LP and in The Beatles in Mono collection. The American soundtrack album included a James Bond-type introduction to the song, followed by a caesura just before the opening lyric. No such introduction appeared on the British soundtrack album, nor was it included in the released single in either country.

Although Lennon was proud of "Help!" and the honesty it conveyed, he expressed regret that the Beatles had recorded it at such a fast tempo in the interests of giving the track more commercial appeal.[6] Music critic Dave Marsh disagreed, saying: "'Help!' isn't a compromise; it's bursting with vitality … [Lennon] sounds triumphant, because he's found a group of kindred spirits who are offering the very spiritual assistance and emotional support for which he's begging. Paul's echoing harmonies, Ringo's jaunty drums, the boom of George's guitar speak to the heart of Lennon's passion, and though they cannot cure the wound, at least they add a note of reassurance that he's not alone with his pain."[6]

Cash Box described "Help!" as a "hard-driving, rollicking ode about a poor lad who loses some of his independence after he becomes involved with a new gal" that is "sure of garnering instantaneous sales acceptance."[19] Upon the single release, Record World correctly predicted that it would go to #1.[20]

Promotional films

[edit]

The Beatles filmed the title performance for the movie Help! on 22 April 1965. The same footage (without the darts and credits seen in the film sequence) was used as a clip to promote the release of the single. It was shown starting in July 1965 on programmes such as Top of the Pops and Thank Your Lucky Stars.[21] They made another promotional clip of "Help!" on 23 November 1965 for inclusion in the year-end recap special of Top of the Pops. Directed by Joseph McGrath, the black-and-white clip shows the group miming to the song while sitting astride a workbench. Starr holds an umbrella overhead throughout the song, which becomes useful as fake snow falls during the final verse.[22] The November 1965 promo was included in the Beatles' 2015 video compilation 1.[23]

Live performances

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The Beatles performed "Help!" live on the 1 August 1965 broadcast of Blackpool Night Out, which was included in the Anthology 2 album and shown during The Beatles Anthology documentary.[24] On 14 August, the group recorded a live performance of "Help!" and five other songs for The Ed Sullivan Show, broadcast the following month;[25] the show is available on the DVD The 4 Complete Ed Sullivan Shows Starring The Beatles.

"Help!" was included in the set list for The Beatles' 1965 US tour. The 15 August performance at Shea Stadium was seen in the 1966 documentary The Beatles at Shea Stadium, although the audio for the song was re-recorded prior to release.[26] The group's 29 August performance at the Hollywood Bowl was chosen for the 1977 album The Beatles at the Hollywood Bowl.[27] The final live concert performances of "Help!" took place on The Beatles' 1965 UK tour in December.

Personnel

[edit]

According to Ian MacDonald:[8]

Charts

[edit]

Certifications and sales

[edit]
Certifications and sales for "Help!"
Region Certification Certified units/sales
France — 100,000[56]
Italy (FIMI)[57] Gold 50,000‡
New Zealand (RMNZ)[58] Gold 15,000‡
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[59] Gold 30,000‡
United Kingdom (BPI)[61] Platinum 987,769[60]
United States (RIAA)[62] Gold 1,000,000^

^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Bananarama version

[edit]
"Help!"
Single by Bananarama & Lananeeneenoonoo
from the album Greatest Hits Collection
B-side
  • "Help!" (Straight version) (7-inch)
  • "Love in a Factory" (12-inch)
Released13 February 1989 (1989-02-13)[63]
RecordedJanuary 1989
StudioPWL, London
Genre
Length
  • 2:58 (single version)
  • 6:31 (extended version)
LabelLondon
Songwriter(s)Lennon–McCartney
Producer(s)Stock Aitken Waterman
Bananarama singles chronology
"Nathan Jones"
(1988) 		"Help!"
(1989) 		"Cruel Summer '89"
(1989)

British girl group Bananarama covered the song with comedians French & Saunders and Kathy Burke, who were credited as Lananeeneenoonoo, which is a spoof of the Bananarama name.[64] The song was released in February 1989 as the Red Nose Day single to raise money for Comic Relief. It was then included on the 1989 re-release of Bananarama's Greatest Hits Collection album. The single peaked at number three on the UK Singles Chart and was a Top-10 hit in several countries.[65]

Background and release

[edit]

In December 1988, comedy duo French and Saunders did a Christmas special sketch that poked fun at Bananarama, with Dawn French playing a character based on Keren Woodward and Jennifer Saunders playing Sara Dallin. Guest comedian Kathy Burke played a character based on Jacquie O'Sullivan. The sketch featured the trio recording music, being interviewed and making a video.[66]

French said she and Saunders were fans of Bananarama, and researched the sketch by watching interviews and talking to sources close to the band.[64] Bananarama said they "saw [the sketch] before it was even on television" and "everyone thought we would be furious... but we really laughed. It was hilarious". O'Sullivan described the sketch, which depicted a sometimes hostile dynamic towards her often drunk character, as accurate.[64]

After the sketch, Comic Relief decided to get in touch with French and Saunders to ask if they would do a single with Bananarama, so long as the latter would agree to it, which they did "without hesitation".[67]

The single was then released in February for the second Red Nose Day. Two-thirds of money from the sales of the single went to relief work in Africa, with the other third going to fight homelessness and drug and alcohol abuse in the UK and Ireland.[67][63] With the huge popular success of Red Nose Day, the single was also a hit, peaking at number 3 in the UK on the week of Red Nose Day (10 March) and staying at that position the following week.[68][65] This meant it became Bananarama's joint highest-charting song, along with "Robert De Niro's Waiting" and "Love in the First Degree".[68]

"Help!" was released with a B-side different version of the song, entitled as the bracketed "Straight Version" which removed the comedic parts by Lananeeneenoonoo. The 12-inch single featured another collaboration with Lananeeneenoonoo, "Love In The Factory", which was an improvised conversation sketch comedy featuring the two groups meeting in the studio.

For the 7-inch single release in Europe (outside of the UK) and Japan, the sides were switched, with the "Straight Version" of the song on the A-side.[69][70] This was due to the fact the three comedians were not so well known outside of the UK.

Music video

[edit]

The comedic music video was directed by Andy Morahan[71] and features the members of Bananarama and Lananeeneenoonoo all dressed in matching outfits. Their choreographed performance of the song is interspersed with scenes of the two groups attempting to ski and ride kick scooters around the film studio. Several shirtless male backup dancers — credited as Bassie, Norman, and Paul — accompany them as they perform the song.[71] Lananeeneenoonoo are featured with dialogue in the recording studio, and the production team look on in despair at their attempts at backing vocals.

Track listings

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7-inch: London / LON 222 (UK)[72]

  1. "Help!" – 2:58
  2. "Help" (Straight Version) – 2:22

7-inch: London / 886 492-7 / SOOP 1111 (Europe & Japan)[69][better source needed][70][better source needed]

  1. "Help!" (Straight version) – 2:22
  2. "Help!" (Comedy version) – 2:58

12-inch: London / LONX 222 (UK)[72]

  1. "Help!" (Extended version) – 6:31
  2. "Love In The Factory" (Extended version) – 4:17

CD: London / LONCD 222 (UK)[72]

  1. "Help!" – 2:58
  2. "Help" (Straight version) – 2:22
  3. "Love In The Factory" (Extended version) – 4:17

CD Mini: London / 886 598-3 / P00L 40008 (Germany & Japan)[72]

  1. "Help" (Straight Version) – 2:22
  2. "Help!" – 2:58

Personnel

[edit]

Musicians

Technical[71]

  • Karen Hewitt, Yoyo – engineering
  • Pete Hammond – mixing
  • Chris McDonnell, Gordon Dennis, Jason Barron, Pete Day, Steve Davies – assistant mixing
  • Terry O'Neill – photography

Charts

[edit]

Certifications

[edit]
Region Certification Certified units/sales
Sweden (GLF)[93] Gold 25,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[94] Silver 200,000^

^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.

Other cover versions

[edit]
  • Deep Purple released a ballad version on their debut album Shades of Deep Purple in 1968. According to the liner notes in the Deep Purple box set Shades 1968–1998, "Lennon and McCartney were reportedly so knocked out by Purple's treatment, they wished they'd done it like that themselves".
  • John Farnham released a much-slower tempo, piano-based ballad version of the song in 1980. His version peaked at No. 8 on the Australian Kent Music Report singles chart.[95]
  • Tina Turner recorded a version of Farnham's arrangement of the song. This was recorded prior to, and then included on, her 1984 album Private Dancer. Her version was a top forty hit in several countries, including Belgium, the Netherlands, and the UK.[96][97]
  • The singer Howie Day recorded the song for the soundtrack of the 2001 film I Am Sam.
  • Punk rock band The Damned covered it as the b-side of their debut single New Rose.

Notes

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  1. ^ Unterberger, Richie. "1960s-Folk-Rock Overview". richieunterberger.com. Archived from the original on 9 November 2013. Retrieved 9 October 2013.
  2. ^ "500 Greatest Songs of All Time". Rolling Stone. 11 December 2003.
  3. ^ "Help! ranked #447 on Rolling Stone 500 Greatest Songs List". Rolling Stone. 15 September 2021. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
  4. ^ "GRAMMY Hall Of Fame | Hall of Fame Artists | GRAMMY.com". grammy.com.
  5. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 555.
  6. ^ a b c Sullivan, Steve (2013). Encyclopedia of Great Popular Song Recordings. Scarecrow Press. p. 224. ISBN 978-0-8108-8296-6.
  7. ^ Lennon.net 2004, p. 5.
  8. ^ a b MacDonald 2005, p. 153.
  9. ^ Miles 1998, p. 199.
  10. ^ Beatles Interview Database 1984, p. 2.
  11. ^ a b Winn 2008, pp. 314–316.
  12. ^ Help! stereo remaster 2009 inlay card, "Recording notes".
  13. ^ a b Winn 2008, p. 320.
  14. ^ a b Ryan & Kehew 2006, p. 392.
  15. ^ Wallgren 1982, pp. 38–45.
  16. ^ Miles 2001, p. 236.
  17. ^ KRLA Beat staff (13 August 1966). "Lennon and McCartney Win Three Composer's Awards". KRLA Beat. p. 3.
  18. ^ Miles 2001, p. 226.
  19. ^ "CashBox Record Reviews" (PDF). Cash Box. 24 July 1965. p. 12. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
  20. ^ "Single Pick of the Week" (PDF). Record World. 24 July 1965. p. 1. Retrieved 21 July 2023.
  21. ^ Lewisohn 2000, p. 190.
  22. ^ Lewisohn 2000, pp. 206–208.
  23. ^ Rowe, Matt (18 September 2015). "The Beatles 1 To Be Reissued With New Audio Remixes... And Videos". The Morton Report. Archived from the original on 29 December 2015. Retrieved 9 January 2016.
  24. ^ Winn 2008, pp. 337–338.
  25. ^ Lewisohn 2000, pp. 198–199.
  26. ^ Lewisohn 2000, p. 215.
  27. ^ Winn 2008, p. 354.
  28. ^ Kent, David (2005). Australian Chart Book (1940–1969). Australian Chart Book. ISBN 0-646-44439-5.
  29. ^ "The Beatles – Help!" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
  30. ^ "The Beatles – Help!" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
  31. ^ "The Beatles – Help!" (in French). Ultratop 50. Retrieved 2 January 2022.
  32. ^ "Top RPM Singles: Issue 5644." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved 16 May 2016.
  33. ^ a b Nyman, Jake (2005). Suomi soi 4: Suuri suomalainen listakirja (in Finnish) (1st ed.). Helsinki: Tammi. ISBN 951-31-2503-3.
  34. ^ "Billboard Magazine, August 28, 1965". Billboard. 28 August 1965.
  35. ^ "The Irish Charts – Search Results – Help!". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
  36. ^ a b Spinetoli, John Joseph. Artisti In Classifica: I Singoli: 1960-1999. Milano: Musica e dischi, 2000
  37. ^ "Nederlandse Top 40 – week 32, 1965" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
  38. ^ "The Beatles – Help!" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
  39. ^ "Flavour of New Zealand – Search Lever Hit Parades". 16 September 1965. Archived from the original on 24 February 2021. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
  40. ^ "The Beatles – Help!". VG-lista. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
  41. ^ "SA Charts 1965–March 1989". Retrieved 1 September 2018.
  42. ^ a b Salaverri, Fernando (September 2005). Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002 (1st ed.). Spain: Fundación Autor-SGAE. ISBN 84-8048-639-2.
  43. ^ Hallberg, Eric (1993). Eric Hallberg presenterar Kvällstoppen i P 3: Sveriges radios topplista över veckans 20 mest sålda skivor 10. 7. 1962 - 19. 8. 1975. Drift Musik. p. 130. ISBN 9163021404.
  44. ^ Hallberg, Eric; Henningsson, Ulf (1998). Eric Hallberg, Ulf Henningsson presenterar Tio i topp med de utslagna på försök: 1961 - 74. Premium Publishing. p. 53. ISBN 919727125X.
  45. ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 16 May 2016.
  46. ^ "The Beatles Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved 16 May 2016.
  47. ^ Hoffmann, Frank (1983). The Cash Box Singles Charts, 1950-1981. Metuchen, NJ & London: The Scarecrow Press, Inc. pp. 32–34.
  48. ^ "Offiziellecharts.de – The Beatles – Help!" (in German). GfK Entertainment charts. Retrieved 2 January 2022.
  49. ^ "The Irish Charts – Search Results – Help!". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
  50. ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
  51. ^ "Hits of the World". Billboard. 18 September 1965. p. 30. Retrieved 30 March 2011.
  52. ^ "Hits of the World". Billboard. 25 September 1965. p. 34. Retrieved 30 March 2011.
  53. ^ "Top 20 Hit Singles of 1965". Retrieved 2 September 2018.
  54. ^ "Top Singles of 1965" (PDF). Billboard. 25 December 1965. p. 22. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
  55. ^ "Cash Box Year-End Charts: Top 100 Pop Singles, December 25, 1965". Archived from the original on 10 May 2017. Retrieved 16 February 2018.
  56. ^ Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique (SNEP). Fabrice Ferment (ed.). "TOP – 1965". 40 ans de tubes : 1960–2000 : les meilleures ventes de 45 tours & CD singles (in French). OCLC 469523661. Archived from the original on 30 May 2022. Retrieved 6 May 2023 – via Top-France.fr.
  57. ^ "Italian single certifications – The Beatles – Help!" (in Italian). Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana. Retrieved 1 October 2024.
  58. ^ "New Zealand single certifications – The Beatles – Help!". Recorded Music NZ. Retrieved 15 December 2024.
  59. ^ "Spanish single certifications – The Beatles – Help!". El portal de Música. Productores de Música de España. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  60. ^ Copsey, Rob (19 September 2017). "The UK's Official Chart 'millionaires' revealed". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 2 August 2014.
  61. ^ "British single certifications – Beatles – Help". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved 21 December 2021.
  62. ^ "American single certifications – The Beatles – Help". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved 14 May 2016.
  63. ^ a b "News" (PDF). Record Mirror: 4. 4 February 1989. Retrieved 26 October 2020.
  64. ^ a b c "A Journey Through Stock Aitken Waterman: Ep 43: Help! (and Pop Life) on Apple Podcasts". Apple Podcasts. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
  65. ^ a b c "Bananarama: Artist Chart History". Official Charts Company.
  66. ^ Davearama (5 May 2017). "Poptastic Confessions!: Revisiting Lananeeneenoonoo". Poptastic Confessions!. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  67. ^ a b "Bananarama! With French and Saunders!? What is going on???". Smash Hits. 8–21 February 1989. p. 22. Retrieved 26 October 2020 – via sites.google.com.
  68. ^ a b Masterton, James. Chart Watch UK – Hits of 1989. James Masterton. ISBN 978-0-463-13857-1.
  69. ^ a b "Bananarama – Lananeeneenoonoo – Help!". Discogs. 1989. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  70. ^ a b "Bananarama – Help". Discogs. 1989. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  71. ^ a b c d Bananarama; Lananeeneenoonoo (1989). Help! 7" single (liner). London Records.
  72. ^ a b c d "Bananarama detailed discography – Help !". bananarama.co.uk. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  73. ^ "Bananarama / Lananeeneenoonoo – Help". ARIA Top 50 Singles.
  74. ^ "Bananarama / Lananeeneenoonoo – Help" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50.
  75. ^ "B.T.". B.T. 5 May 1989.
  76. ^ "Eurochart Hot 100 Singles" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 6, no. 12. 25 March 1989. pp. 24–25. Retrieved 27 October 2020.
  77. ^ "Eurochart Hot 100 Singles" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 6, no. 13. 1 April 1989. p. 29. Retrieved 27 October 2020.
  78. ^ "Bananarama / Lananeeneenoonoo – Help" (in French). Les classement single.
  79. ^ "The Irish Charts – Search Results – Help". Irish Singles Chart.
  80. ^ "Nederlandse Top 40 – Bananarama & Lananeeneenoonoo" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40.
  81. ^ "Bananarama / Lananeeneenoonoo – Help" (in Dutch). Single Top 100.
  82. ^ "Bananarama / Lananeeneenoonoo – Help". Top 40 Singles.
  83. ^ "Bananarama / Lananeeneenoonoo – Help". VG-lista.
  84. ^ "Top 3 Singles in Europe" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 6, no. 21. 27 May 1989. p. 22. Retrieved 25 September 2020.
  85. ^ "Bananarama / Lananeeneenoonoo – Help". Singles Top 100.
  86. ^ "Bananarama / Lananeeneenoonoo – Help". Swiss Singles Chart.
  87. ^ "Offiziellecharts.de – Bananarama / Lananeeneenoonoo – Help" (in German). GfK Entertainment charts.
  88. ^ "Jaaroverzichten 1989" (in Dutch). Ultratop. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
  89. ^ "Eurochart Hot 100 1989" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 6, no. 51. 23 December 1989. p. 6. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
  90. ^ "Year End Singles". Record Mirror. 27 January 1990. p. 44.
  91. ^ Copsey, Rob (7 May 2021). "Official Top 40 best-selling songs of 1989". Official Charts. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
  92. ^ "Top 100 Singles–Jahrescharts 1989" (in German). GfK Entertainment. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
  93. ^ "Guld- och Platinacertifikat − År 1987−1998" (PDF) (in Swedish). IFPI Sweden. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 May 2011. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
  94. ^ "British single certifications – Bananarama & Lananeenoonoo – Help". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
  95. ^ Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992. St Ives, NSW: Australian Chart Book. ISBN 0-646-11917-6.
  96. ^ "ultratop.be – Tina Turner – Help". Ultratop. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
  97. ^ "Official Charts > Tina Turner". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 28 May 2019.
[edit]

References

[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to Help! (album).
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