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Hirshabelle, officially Hirshabelle State of Somalia (Somali: Dowlad Goboleedka Hirshabelle ee Soomaaliya), is a Federal Member State in south-central Somalia. It is bordered by Galmudug state of Somalia to the north, South West State of Somalia and Banadir region to the south, Ethiopia to the west and the Indian Ocean to the east. Jowhar is the capital state.
Hirshabelle State of Somalia | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Coat of arms
| |
| Anthem: Qolobaa Calankeed | |
 | |
| Capital and largest city | Jowhar 04°44′09″N 045°12′13″E / 4.73583°N 45.20361°E |
| Official languages | Somali |
| Ethnic groups | Somali |
| Religion | Islam |
| Demonym(s) | Somali |
| Government | Federated state under a presidential democracy |
| Ali Abdullahi Hussein | |
| Autonomy Federal Member State within Somalia | |
| Population | |
• 2019 estimate | 1,189,100 (estimate)[1] |
| HDI | 0.3 low |
| Currency | Somali shilling (SOS) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (EAT) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (not observed) |
| Drives on | right |
| Calling code | +252 (Somalia) |
| ISO 3166 code | SO |
| Internet TLD | .so |
Hirshabelle consists of the Hiran and Middle Shabelle regions of Somalia. The name of the state originates from combining their names. Hirshabelle proclaimed itself the autonomous Federal Member State of the Federal Republic of Somalia as stipulated in the provisional Constitution of Somalia.
Background
editThe creation of the Hirshabelle State has long been controversial, as both regions, Hiran and Middle Shabelle, have expressed a desire to create their own separate regional states.[citation needed]
In October 2016, local presidential elections were held, which were won by Ali Abdullahi Osoble.[2] On 11 March 2017, the Hirshabelle Parliament approved a new Cabinet of 52 Ministers. In September 2017, the Parliament elected a President, Mohamed Abdi Ware.[3]
Ali Abdullahi Hussein has held the position of president in Hirshabelle State since 2020. Out of the 99 members of Parliament, 86 cast their votes in favor of him, with the remaining 13 votes going to Abdirahman Jimale Osman.[4]
Women's rights
editIn 2021, according to a report by the Somali Bureau of National Statistics, 21% of women in Hirshabelle State had experienced physical violence, 99.5% of women aged 15–49 had undergone female genital mutilation, 75% owned a mobile telephone, and 8% had used the internet in the preceding 12 months.[5] As of 2024, the Minister for Women and Human Rights was Rahma Guliye.[6]
Administration
editThe President of Hirshabelle is an executive head of Hirshabelle State of Somalia; the president is both head of state and head of government. The President can appoint and dismiss Cabinet members.
Presidents
editFor a comprehensive list of the presidents of Hirshabelle State of Somalia, see the List of presidents of Hirshabelle article. The current president of Hirshabelle is Ali Abdullahi Hussein.
Climate
editIn March and April, the average daily maximum temperature in Beledweyne, the capital of Hiraan, is 36.7 °C (98.1 °F). In December, the average daily maximum temperature is 21.9 °C (71.4 °F).
| Climate data for Beledweyne, Somalia | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 41.5 (106.7) |
42.5 (108.5) |
43.0 (109.4) |
43.0 (109.4) |
41.3 (106.3) |
39.0 (102.2) |
39.0 (102.2) |
39.0 (102.2) |
40.2 (104.4) |
45.0 (113.0) |
40.0 (104.0) |
42.0 (107.6) |
45.0 (113.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 34.5 (94.1) |
35.4 (95.7) |
36.7 (98.1) |
36.9 (98.4) |
34.9 (94.8) |
34.0 (93.2) |
33.0 (91.4) |
33.8 (92.8) |
35.3 (95.5) |
34.4 (93.9) |
34.8 (94.6) |
34.5 (94.1) |
34.8 (94.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 28.2 (82.8) |
28.7 (83.7) |
30.0 (86.0) |
30.4 (86.7) |
29.2 (84.6) |
28.4 (83.1) |
27.8 (82.0) |
27.7 (81.9) |
29.0 (84.2) |
28.7 (83.7) |
28.5 (83.3) |
28.5 (83.3) |
28.7 (83.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22.0 (71.6) |
22.0 (71.6) |
23.4 (74.1) |
23.9 (75.0) |
23.4 (74.1) |
22.8 (73.0) |
22.6 (72.7) |
21.6 (70.9) |
22.7 (72.9) |
22.6 (72.7) |
22.3 (72.1) |
22.3 (72.1) |
22.6 (72.7) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 16.0 (60.8) |
16.5 (61.7) |
17.0 (62.6) |
16.0 (60.8) |
18.0 (64.4) |
17.0 (62.6) |
17.0 (62.6) |
16.3 (61.3) |
17.2 (63.0) |
17.0 (62.6) |
15.0 (59.0) |
15.0 (59.0) |
15.0 (59.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 0 (0) |
1 (0.0) |
5 (0.2) |
48 (1.9) |
59 (2.3) |
6 (0.2) |
3 (0.1) |
3 (0.1) |
8 (0.3) |
51 (2.0) |
16 (0.6) |
5 (0.2) |
204 (8.0) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 20 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 58 | 57 | 57 | 60 | 64 | 61 | 65 | 64 | 59 | 64 | 63 | 62 | 61 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 288.3 | 276.9 | 288.3 | 243.0 | 272.8 | 249.0 | 201.5 | 232.5 | 246.0 | 223.2 | 243.0 | 269.7 | 3,034.2 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 9.3 | 9.8 | 9.3 | 8.1 | 8.8 | 8.3 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 8.2 | 7.2 | 8.1 | 8.7 | 8.3 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 80 | 79 | 65 | 53 | 54 | 61 | 54 | 62 | 62 | 57 | 60 | 69 | 63 |
| Source 1: Deutscher Wetterdienst[7] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Food and Agriculture Organization: Somalia Water and Land Management (per cent sunshine)[8] | |||||||||||||
References
edit- ^ "Somalia: Subdivision and cities". www.citypopulation.de. Archived from the original on 25 April 2024. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
- ^ "Baarlamaanka Hirshabeele oo madaxweyne doortay — BBC News Somali". Archived from the original on 9 April 2023. Retrieved 17 November 2020.
- ^ "HirShabeelle oo yeelatay madaxweyne cusub — BBC News Somali". Archived from the original on 9 April 2023. Retrieved 17 November 2020.
- ^ "iftiin fm – ileyska ummadda". Archived from the original on 17 March 2022. Retrieved 15 November 2020.
- ^ Somali Health and Demographic Survey: Hirshabelle Report (PDF). Hirshabelle State o Somalia. 2021.
- ^ "Trailblazing Unity: Somalia Welcomes New Chapter of African Women Leaders Network". UN Women – Africa. 8 May 2024. Retrieved 17 August 2024.
- ^ "Klimatafel von Beled Weyne (Belet Uen) / Somalia" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 April 2020. Retrieved 22 October 2016.
- ^ "Long term mean monthly sunshine fraction in Somalia". Food and Agriculture Organization. Archived from the original on 5 October 2016. Retrieved 4 November 2016.
External links
edit- Somalia: Hirshabelle Solves Dispute Between Top Leadership
- Somalia: Following delays Hirshabelle President unveils cabinet
- Amisom launches Operation Antelope in HirShabelle state, Somalia Archived 8 August 2020 at the Wayback Machine
- Отчет EASO — Информация о стране происхождения. Сомали. Ситуация в сфере безопасно
- сти