Wikipedia

Italian Left

Italian Left (Italian: Sinistra Italiana, SI) is a left-wing political party in Italy. SI was launched in November 2015 as a parliamentary group in the Chamber of Deputies (full name: Italian Left – Left Ecology Freedom), including Left Ecology Freedom (SEL), dissidents from the Democratic Party like Future to the Left, and splinters from the Five Star Movement.[3] At its launch, SI included 32 deputies,[4] who were soon followed by eight senators (who formed a sub-group within the Mixed Group of the Senate in February 2016), and two MEPs. SI was officially formed as a full-fledged party in February 2017, after SEL had chosen to merge into it in December 2016.

Italian Left
Sinistra Italiana
AbbreviationSI
SecretaryNicola Fratoianni
PresidentNichi Vendola
Founded19 February 2017; 7 years ago (2017-02-19)
Merger ofLeft Ecology Freedom
and minor groups
Headquartersvia Arenula 29, Rome
Youth wingUnion of Young People of the Left
Membership (2017)19,346[1]
IdeologyDemocratic socialism[2]
Eco-socialism[2]
Political positionLeft-wing
National affiliationGreens and Left Alliance (since 2022)
The Left (2019)
Free and Equal (2018–2019)
European affiliationNow the People
Party of the European Left (observer)
European Parliament groupThe Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL[a]
Colours  Red
Chamber of Deputies
4 / 400
Senate
3 / 200
European Parliament[b]
2 / 76
Regional
Councils
9 / 896
Website
www.sinistraitaliana.si Edit this at Wikidata
  1. ^ Between 2017 and 2019, SI had one MEP each in GUE/NGL and S&D
  2. ^ Ilaria Salis and Mimmo Lucano sit as independents.

The party is led by Nicola Fratoianni. Notable founding members included Nichi Vendola (former leader of SEL), Loredana De Petris, Stefano Fassina, and Sergio Cofferati. In the aftermath of its founding congress, 18 deputies left the party, leaving it with 13 deputies, eight senators and 2 MEPs: 17 deputies, led by former group leader Arturo Scotto, joined the brand-new Article One, while Laura Boldrini (President of the Chamber of Deputies) joined the Chamber's Mixed Group. In late 2017, the party was a founding member of Free and Equal, a left-wing joint list for the 2018 general election, and more recently in 2022 founded the Greens and Left Alliance (AVS) with Green Europe.

History

edit

Background

edit

In June 2015, Stefano Fassina, a former deputy minister in the Letta Cabinet, left the Democratic Party (PD) over disagreements with Matteo Renzi, then PD leader and Prime Minister.[5] In doing this he was followed by his long-time ally Monica Gregori [it].[6] In July, during a convention, Fassina launched Future to the Left (FaS), an incubator of a new left-leaning party, with other movements and breakaway groups such as Possible (Pos) and Left Ecology Freedom (SEL).

In November, one senator (Corradino Mineo)[7] and three more deputies (Alfredo D'Attorre [it], Carlo Galli [es; it] and Vincenzo Folino [it])[8][9] left the party in protest against Renzi. D'Attorre, who holds a doctorate in philosophy from the Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies,[10] wrote a manifesto for a new "labour" party, which was signed also by the other five MPs and, which read: "The genetic mutation of the PD, born as central force of the Italian centre-left, is unfortunately already completed. The Renzi experience and the introduced mutations won't be a parenthesis. They have already altered in a irreversible way the perception of the PD and its function in the collective imagination".[11] Subsequently, a parliamentary group under the banner of Italian Left was formed in the Chamber of Deputies, whose core was formed by SEL.[12][13]

Formation of the party

edit
Further information: 2017 Italian Left leadership election

In February 2016, SI held its constituent assembly in Rome.[14][15][16] Consequently, SI was established as a sub-group within the Mixed Group in the Senate: five senators of SEL, two dissidents from the Five Star Movement (Fabrizio Bocchino [it] and Francesco Campanella [it]) and one former Democrat (Mineo) joined,[17] while two SEL senators (including Sardinian nationalist Luciano Uras [fr; it])[18] refused to join and left their party altogether.[19]

Several lists named after SI participated in the 2016 local elections. The party did particularly well in Sesto Fiorentino, a medium-sized city in the metropolitan area of Florence, where it won 17.5% of the vote and its candidate for mayor was elected in the run-off with 65.5%, by beating his Democratic opponent.[20][21]

In December 2016, SEL was dissolved, to merge it into SI in early 2017.[22]

In February 2017, SI was officially formed and Nicola Fratoianni was elected as its first secretary.[23][24][25]

Contextually, SI leader in the Chamber of Deputies Arturo Scotto (who was originally a candidate for the leadership[26] Massimiliano Smeriglio), D'Attorre, Galli and Folino led a splinter group into the Article One – Democratic and Progressive Movement (MDP), a party formed by left-wing splinters of the PD.[27][28][29]

In March 2017, SI welcomed the four deputies of Possible (Pos) in its group in the Chamber.[30][31][32] In April, Campanella left the party.[33]

On 24 June 2017, SI was accepted into the Party of the European Left as an observer member.[34]

Free and Equal coalition

edit

On 3 December 2017, SI established Free and Equal (LeU), a left-wing joint list for the 2018 general election, together with the MDP and Possible, and chose the president of the Senate and former anti-Mafia prosecutor Pietro Grasso as its leader and candidate for Prime Minister.[35]

In the election, SI obtained three deputies (Fratoianni, Fassina and Erasmo Palazzotto [arz; it]) and one senator (De Petris).

In October, SI focused on forming an alliance with Luigi de Magistris' Popular Coalition for the 2019 European Parliament election, and broke with the MDP and LeU.[36][37]

In January 2019, after the MDP's departure,[38] SI returned into LeU's fold and, under the leadership of senator Francesco Laforgia and deputy Luca Pastorino (dissenting members of the MDP and Possible, respectively), the two organisations initiated a collaboration with the goal of forming a joint party at some point.[39][40]

For the 2019 European Parliament election, SI formed a joint list named The Left with the Communist Refoundation Party and other left-wing and far-left groups. The list obtained a mere 1.8% of the vote, leading Fratoianni to resign from secretary of SI.[41][42]

In and out of government

edit

In August 2019, tensions grew within the coalition supporting the government, leading to the issuing of a motion of no-confidence by the League.[43] During the following government crisis, the M5S and the PD agreed to form a new cabinet together, under outgoing Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte.[44] SI, along with the MDP and the entire LeU, joined Conte's second government, in which SI's Giuseppe De Cristofaro [Wikidata] was appointed undersecretary of University.

In January 2021, Fratoianni was re-elected secretary of the party during an online congress.[45][46][47]

In February, after the collapse of the government led by Conte, Mario Draghi was sworn in at the head of a government comprising the main parties of the centre-left and the centre-right. Fratoianni voiced concerns over SI's participation in the government and the party's national assembly voted against the cabinet. However, two out of three MPs, senator De Petris and deputy Palazzotto, announced their intention to vote in favour anyway, splitting the party.[48] Subsequently, Palazzotto left the party.[49]

2022 general election

edit

In January 2022, SI and Green Europe (EV) formed a "consultation pact", aimed at co-operating on the 2022 Italian presidential election held in late January.[50] In that context, the two parties decided to jointly support Luigi Manconi, a former lawmaker for the Federation of the Greens, the Democrats of the Left, and the Democratic Party (PD) and expert on human rights issues.[51][52] In June 2022, SI's national assembly formally approved the alliance with EV.[53]

 
Nicola Fratoianni at the final election rally in Pisa before the 2022 legislative election. Ilaria Cucchi is also on stage.

In July 2022, SI and EV held a joint convention in Rome named "New Energies", promoting their cooperation and a unitary electoral program.[54] The alliance deliberately took inspiration from the New Ecologic and Social People's Union, the left-wing list formed in the run-up of the 2022 French legislative election.[55] Following the fall of Draghi's government, the early dissolution of the Italian Parliament and the calling of the 2022 general election, the AVS was officially launched and its logo presented.[56] On 6 August 2022, the alliance formalised an electoral agreement with the PD.[57][58] AVS elected 12 deputies and four senators, including four deputies and two senators from SI.

The November 2023 congress, in which Fratoianni was re-elected secretary, marked the return to active politics by Nichi Vendola, former SEL leader, who was elected president.[59][60][61][62]

The alliance with EV is renewed for the 2024 European Parliament, where AVS with a 6.78% elected six MEPs, including two candidates from SI, Ilaria Salis and Mimmo Lucano, both of them decide to join The Left group in the EU parliament.

Composition

edit

The party's founding members were:

Party Main ideology Leader Ref
Left Ecology Freedom (SEL) Democratic socialism Nichi Vendola [63]
Future to the Left (FaS) Social democracy Stefano Fassina [64]
Venetian Left (SV) Communism Pietrangelo Pettenò [65]

Along these, some youth organisations (including ACT! Agire Costruire Trasformare[66] and TILT),[67] local groups and individuals have joined SI.

Ideology

edit

SI's ideology is a mix of democratic socialism, social democracy, and anti-austerity stances. In his manifesto, D'Attorre wrote that the new party would need to "go beyond the separation between reformists and radicals" and later explained that SI would be Keynesian and opposed to neoliberalism. The coalition's economics adviser is Joseph Stiglitz, a well-known American economist and winner of the Nobel Prize in economics, who had already been involved with Syriza in Greece, Podemos in Spain, and the Labour Party under Jeremy Corbyn in the United Kingdom.[68] Fassina has also proposed a "controlled disintegration of the Eurozone".[69]

According to its statute, "Sinistra Italiana is an association that is formed to represent work [...] and it is inextricably linked to the movement for peace and anti-fascism. It fights for a society founded on social equality, on respect for the environment. Its objectives are the full implementation of the Constitution and a democratic and social State of law, in the belief that the freedom of all is the condition and not the limit of everyone's freedom".[70]

Work and social policies

edit

The party strongly supports the reduction of working hours for equal pay,[71][72] the introduction of a minimum wage (of at least 10 euros per hour)[73][74] to combat "poverty, social despair and precariousness"[75] (such as the citizenship income to which it's in favour),[76]and the introduction of a representation law to combat exploitation and promote good employment, with the aim of rebuilding a relationship and political representation of labour.[77]

It supports a greater investment in public health[78][79] and public education (from preschool to university),[80] and condemns their strong privatization.[71][81][82]

It proposes the establishment of a free basic psychologist for all, psychological support services in schools, awareness campaigns and structural investments for the protection of mental health, so that psychological well-being will be "a guaranteed and accessible right for all".[83][84]

It also proposes a salary increase for teachers, policies to combat precariousness,[81] free public nursery schools,[85] a reduction in the number of students per class,[86] free textbooks for schoolchildren,[87] free public university (with the gradual abolition of student fees and a remodulation of the regional tax on the right to study),[88][89] the ban of unpaid internships,[90] policies to combat the emigration of young people abroad[91] and a greater investment in research.[91][92]

To reduce deaths in the workplace, it proposes more inspections and controls, constant training for safety at work, contracts that guarantee stability, and fewer working hours.[93]

To counter gender stereotypes, gender-based violence and homotransphobia, it proposes specific information campaigns, the introduction in schools of courses on sex and sentimental education and education to respect and differences; funding for a "freedom income", investments in anti-violence associations and centres, in order to "build a society free from patriarchy and imposed religious legacies".[94][95][96]

It also supports compulsory and equal parental leave for both parents in order to ensure greater gender equality in work.[97][98]

Economy and taxation

edit

The party proposes the introduction of a wealth tax on large assets ("tax on the rich") to redistribute wealth so that "those who have a lot pay a lot and those who have little pay less".[99][100] This is done through the elimination of the IMU and stamp duty, replacing them with a single and progressive tax on large net assets per natural person, in order to obtain tens of billions of euros to be used for health, education, free nurseries, pensions and public transport.[101][102][103]

It also supports the introduction of an anti-relocation law,[104] the fight against tax havens,[105] the lowering of the threshold limit for the use of cash and the gradual replacement of the use of cash with electronic payment methods (eliminating bank commissions) in order to fight tax evasion (recovering hundreds of billions of euros) and mafias.[106]

Civil rights

edit

The party is strongly in favour of the legalisation of euthanasia,[107] the legalisation of cannabis (mainly to combat crime),[108][109] LGBT rights,[110][111] the introduction of jus soli,[112] medical abortion in day hospital,[113][114] gestation for others (solidarity, altruistic and regulated)[115][116] and the introduction of identification codes on the uniforms of law enforcement officers to prevent them from engaging in illicit behaviour (such as abuse of power) on the civilians.[117][118]

On LGBT rights, the party proposes: the legalization of equal marriage and adoption for gay couples (and for singles), the prohibition of reparative therapies and the prohibition of medically unnecessary surgery on intersex children, a law against homotransphobia (and against ableism).[119][120]

Immigration

edit

The party, in addition to being in favor of granting citizenship to minor children of legal foreigners born and raised in Italy (ius soli),[121] supports the timely rescue of migrants in the sea, their reception and integration,[122] their regularisation for the recognition of the "invisible"[123] and the establishment of humanitarian corridors.[124][125]

Defence and foreign policy

edit

The party advocates pacifism, Europeanism, low national spending on military defense, a common European army, diplomacy as a tool for resolving disputes between nations, and ideally global disarmament.[126][127]

Democracy

edit

The party proposes a ban on private funding of political parties and associations in order to prevent them from becoming "politically weak, susceptible to blackmail and permeable to the demands of the rich financier of the moment".[128][129] It's also against foreign states financing of politicians.[130] It proposes a proportional electoral law[131][132] and the right for 'out-of-office' citizens to vote in their homes.[133][134]

Election results

edit

Italian Parliament

edit
Chamber of Deputies
Election year Votes % Seats +/– Leader
2018 Into LeU 3.4
3 / 630
–
Nicola Fratoianni
2022 Into AVS 3.6
4 / 400
  1
Nicola Fratoianni
Senate of the Republic
Election year Votes % Seats +/– Leader
2018 Into LeU 3.3
1 / 315
–
Nicola Fratoianni
2022 Into AVS 3.5
3 / 200
  2
Nicola Fratoianni

European Parliament

edit
Election Leader Votes % Seats +/– EP Group
2019 Nicola Fratoianni Into The Left 1.75
0 / 76
 New –
2024 Into AVS 6.78
2 / 76
   2 The Left

Regional Councils

edit
Region Election year Votes % Seats +/− Status in legislature
Aosta Valley 2020 — —
0 / 35
–
 No seats
Piedmont 2024 107,095 (6th) (into AVS) 6.48
2 / 51
  1
 Opposition
Lombardy 2023 93,019 (10th)(into AVS) 3.2
1 / 80
  1
 Opposition
Trentino-Alto Adige 2023 7,565 (9th) (into AVS) 3.25
0 / 35
–
 No seats
Veneto 2020 41.275 (7th) [a] 2.01
0 / 51
–
 No seats
Friuli-Venezia Giulia 2023 8,029 (8th)(into AVS) 2.03
1 / 48
–
 Opposition
Emilia-Romagna 2024 79,236 (4th)(into AVS) 5.30
2 / 51
  2
 Majority
Liguria 2024 34,716 (6th) (into AVS) 6.17
0 / 31
  1
 No seats
Tuscany 2020 46,514 (9th)[b] 2.87
0 / 41
  1
 No seats
Marche 2020 11,834 (11th)[c] 1.9
0 / 31
–
 No seats
Umbria 2024 13,750 (8th) (into AVS) 4.28
1 / 21
  1
 Majority
Lazio 2023 7.974 (11th) 1.21
1 / 51
–
 Opposition
Abruzzo 2024 20,655 (9th) (into AVS) 3.57
0 / 31
–
 No seats
Molise 2023 6,742 (10th) (into AVS) 4.77
0 / 21
–
 No seats
Campania 2020 25,125 (11th)[d] 1.07
0 / 51
–
 No seats
Apulia 2020 63,725 (6th) [e] 3.8
0 / 51
  4
 No seats
Basilicata 2024 15,144 (9th) (into AVS) 5.79
0 / 21
–
 No seats
Calabria 2021 18,235 (13th) 2.39
0 / 31
–
 No seats
Sicily 2022 55,599 (9th)[f] 3.0
0 / 70
  1
 No seats
Sardinia 2024 32,145 (6th) (into AVS) 4.7
1 / 60
  1
 Majority

Leadership

edit

Symbols

edit
  •  
    2015–2016
  •  
    2016–2017
  •  
    2017–present

Notes

edit
  1. ^ In a joint list with Art.1 and Pos
  2. ^ In a joint list with PRC, PaP, SA
  3. ^ In a joint list with PRC
  4. ^ In a joint list with PRC, PCI, PdS, AET
  5. ^ In a joint list with Art.1 and PRI
  6. ^ In a joint list with Article One–MDP.

References

edit
  1. ^ "Assemblee Congressuali di Sinistra Italiana – Aderenti e Delegati per Provincia" (PDF).
  2. ^ a b Nordsieck, Wolfram (2018). "Italy". Parties and Elections in Europe. Archived from the original on 27 March 2019. Retrieved 2 April 2019.
  3. ^ Una nuova sinistra, non-una "cosa rossa" http://ilmanifesto.info/una-nuova-sinistra-non-una-cosa-rossa
  4. ^ "Camera.it - XVII Legislatura - Deputati e Organi Parlamentari - Composizione gruppi Parlamentari". www.camera.it.
  5. ^ "Fassina dice addio al Pd: "Non ci sono le condizioni per continuare"". la Repubblica (in Italian). 23 June 2015. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
  6. ^ "Fassina, addio al Pd: "Nuovo soggetto politico con Civati e Cofferati"". la Repubblica (in Italian). 24 June 2015. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
  7. ^ "Corradino Mineo lascia il gruppo Pd: "Contro di me inaccettabile processo sommario"". la Repubblica (in Italian). 28 October 2015. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
  8. ^ "D'Attorre, Galli e Folino lasciano il Pd: "Non c'è più dialettica nel partito"". la Repubblica (in Italian). 4 November 2015. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
  9. ^ "Pd: i deputati Galli, Folino e D'Attorre lasciano il partito. "Ora gruppo con Sel, ma non chiamateci 'Cosa rossa'"". Il Fatto Quotidiano (in Italian). 4 November 2015. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
  10. ^ "D'Attorre, addio al Pd. Il ritratto del mite "secchione" travolto dal turborenzismo". HuffPost Italia (in Italian). 3 November 2015. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
  11. ^ Alfredo D'Attorre esce dal Pd. Il documento scritto con Fassina e gli altri: "Con Renzi il partito trasformato nel suo ufficio stampa" http://www.huffingtonpost.it/2015/11/04/dattorre-pd-renzi-addio_n_8470840.html
  12. ^ Nasce 'Sinistra italiana', nuovo gruppo di 31 deputati. Fassina: "Siamo alternativi al liberismo da Happy Days di Renzi" http://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/politica/2015/11/07/nasce-sinistra-italiana-nuovo-gruppo-di-31-deputati-la-diretta-_d02aa4ad-9f47-4615-8e57-4f6136149f73.html
  13. ^ Si chiamerà "Sinistra italiana": domani Sel e gli ex Pd battezzano il nuovo gruppo 'anti-Renzi' http://www.huffingtonpost.it/2015/11/06/sinistra-italiana-sel-ex-pd_n_8487950.html
  14. ^ Cosmopolitica, iniziata la costituente di Sinistra italiana http://www.huffingtonpost.it/2016/02/19/cosmopolitica-costituente-sinistra-_n_9275866.html
  15. ^ Per ora è "Sinistra Italiana" http://ilmanifesto.info/per-ora-e-sinistra-italiana/
  16. ^ Cosmopolitica, la prima assemblea di Sinistra italiana: "Dal 2 al 4 dicembre il congresso fondativo" http://www.repubblica.it/politica/2016/02/21/news/sinistra_italiana_unioni_civili-133907371/
  17. ^ "senato.it - Senato della Repubblica senato.it - Variazioni nei Gruppi parlamentari". www.senato.it.
  18. ^ "Sel divisa tra svolta sovranista e Sinistra italiana: geografia di una guerra - Sardiniapost.it". 17 November 2015.
  19. ^ "il manifesto". ilmanifesto.info. 9 February 2016.
  20. ^ "Ballottaggi in Toscana: Pd ko. A Sesto stravince Falchi, Grosseto al centrodestra". 19 June 2016.
  21. ^ "Comune di Sesto Fiorentino - Toscana - Elezioni Comunali - Risultati - Ballottaggio - 5 giugno 2016". la Repubblica.it.
  22. ^ "Vendola traghetta Sel nella "Sinistra italiana"". rainews. 17 December 2016.
  23. ^ "Sinistra Italiana elegge Fratoianni: "Siamo la sinistra che fa il suo mestiere"". lastampa.it. 19 February 2017.
  24. ^ "Sinistra Italiana, Nicola Fratoianni eletto segretario: "Scissione? Se minoranza dem vota fiducia a Gentiloni, no al dialogo" - Il Fatto Quotidiano". 19 February 2017.
  25. ^ "Congresso SI, eletto Fratoianni segretario: "Dialogo con gli scissionisti Pd se non votano fiducia a governo"". 19 February 2017.
  26. ^ "Sinistra italiana, corsa a due per la segreteria: Scotto sfida Fratoianni". 23 January 2017.
  27. ^ Stefanoni, Franco (25 February 2017). "Ecco il nome degli ex Pd: Articolo 1 Movimento dei democratici e progressisti".
  28. ^ ""Democratici e progressisti" il nuovo nome degli ex Pd. Speranza: lavoro è nostra priorità". Il Sole 24 ORE. 25 February 2017.
  29. ^ Binelli, Raffaello (25 February 2017). "Nasce il Movimento democratici e progressisti". ilGiornale.it.
  30. ^ "Sinistra Italiana e Possibile insieme alla Camera. Ma il primo scoglio è Civati capogruppo". 10 March 2017.
  31. ^ "Possibile e Sinistra Italiana. Dopo i gruppi, la lista unitaria - Left". 9 March 2017.
  32. ^ "il manifesto". ilmanifesto.it. 9 March 2017.
  33. ^ "Francesco Campanella lascia Sinistra italiana". 12 March 2019.
  34. ^ "IL PARTITO DELLA SINISTRA EUROPEA accoglie come osservatore SINISTRA ITALIANA". L'Altra Europa con Tsipras. 24 June 2017. Archived from the original on 16 July 2017. Retrieved 25 June 2017.
  35. ^ "Liberi e uguali, Grasso: 'Ecco la nuova sinistra' - Politica". 3 December 2017.
  36. ^ "'Goodbye LeU': Sinistra Italiana scarica Mdp e guarda a De Magistris". 28 October 2018.
  37. ^ "Leu, esperienza finita. Mdp e Sinistra italiana si lasciano. Speranza: "Ora una sinistra di governo"". Repubblica.it. 14 November 2018.
  38. ^ "Una forza rosso-verde per garantire l'alternativa alla nuova destra". 10 November 2018.
  39. ^ "Costituita associazione per nascita partito di sinistra". 31 January 2019.
  40. ^ "Sinistra, a 100 giorni dalle Europee si provano a definire liste e alleanze". Blasting News. 13 February 2019.
  41. ^ "Europee, Nicola Fratoianni si dimette da segretario di Sinistra Italiana". la Repubblica. 1 June 2019.
  42. ^ "Sinistra italiana, Fratoianni si dimette da segretario: "Da Europee emerso tema della frammentazione nel nostro campo"". Il Fatto Quotidiano. 1 June 2019.
  43. ^ Horowitz, Jason (20 August 2019). "Italy's Government Collapses, Turning Chaos Into Crisis". The New York Times.
  44. ^ "Conte wins crucial support for new Italian govt coalition". Washington Post.
  45. ^ "I voti del 2° Congresso di Sinistra Italiana - Nicola Fratoianni riconfermato segretario nazionale".
  46. ^ "Sinistra italiana va avanti, verso la nuova cosa rosso-verde". February 2021.
  47. ^ "Sinistra italiana a congresso. Fratoianni: "Non ci sciogliamo"". 30 January 2021.
  48. ^ "Governo Draghi, assemblea di Sinistra Italiana: voto contro la fiducia. Ma De Petris e Palazzotto non condividono: "Noi siamo per il sì"" (in Italian). La Repubblica. 14 February 2021. Retrieved 14 February 2021.
  49. ^ "Erasmo Palazzotto lascia Sinistra italiana: "E' un errore politico non votare la fiducia a Draghi"". 17 February 2021.
  50. ^ "Lancio del 'patto di consultazione' per il Quirinale tra Europa Verde e Sinistra Italiana". Radio Radicale (in Italian). 10 January 2022. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
  51. ^ "Sinistra Italiana ed Europa Verde: 'Voteremo Manconi'". Dire (in Italian). 25 January 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2022.
  52. ^ "La campagna per Manconi al Quirinale: 'Un presidente contro le ingiustizie'". La Repubblica (in Italian). 19 January 2022. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
  53. ^ Sinistra Italiana, ok a proposta di avvio alleanza con Europa Verde, Conquista del Lavoro
  54. ^ Nuove energie rossoverdi: «Uniti per cambiare l'Italia», il manifesto
  55. ^ Patto Sinistra Italiana-Europa Verde per le politiche 2023: nasce la lista rossoverde, Fanpage
  56. ^ SI and Verdi revealed their logo for the next general election, Twitter
  57. ^ "Elezioni, accordo Pd-Verdi-Si. C'è anche Di Maio. Letta: «Se vince Destra costituzione a rischio". Il Sole 24 ORE. 6 August 2022. Retrieved 7 August 2022.
  58. ^ "Letta-Fratoianni-Bonelli, ecco i termini dell'accordo: al Pd l'80% dei seggi, a Si-Verdi il 20%". Il Mattino.it. 13 February 2021. Retrieved 7 August 2022.
  59. ^ "Fratoianni confermato segretario di Sinistra italiana. Vendola neopresidente: "Ritorno attivo alla politica" - Notizie - Ansa.it". Agenzia ANSA (in Italian). 26 November 2023. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
  60. ^ "Nichi Vendola torna alla politica: Eletto presidente di Sinistra italiana". 30 November 2023.
  61. ^ Bozza, Claudio (26 November 2023). "Nichi Vendola eletto presidente di Sinistra italiana: "Torno in politica". Ma non si candida alle Europee, ecco perché". Corriere della Sera (in Italian). Retrieved 13 February 2024.
  62. ^ "Nichi Vendola è il nuovo presidente di Sinistra Italiana". Il Post (in Italian). 26 November 2023. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
  63. ^ Cosmopolitica, Fratoianni: congresso fondativo il 2/3/4 dicembre. E' la fine della stagione degli accordi e dei cartelli elettorali http://www.sinistraecologialiberta.it/notizie/cosmopolitica-fratoianni-congresso-fondativo-il-234-dicembre-e-la-fine-della-stagione-degli-accordi-e-dei-cartelli-elettorali/
  64. ^ NASCE OGGI SINISTRA ITALIANA, NUOVO GRUPPO PARLAMENTARE UNITO
  65. ^ Sinistra Veneta ha condiviso un link. https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=551714218324442&id=431222653706933
  66. ^ "Non la solita sinistra. Questa deve essere un'altra storia". Archived from the original on 18 August 2016. Retrieved 3 March 2016.
  67. ^ Mapi Pizzolante a Cosmopolitica https://www.facebook.com/Tiltcamp/videos/vb.211298158909267/1021028537936221/?type=2&theater
  68. ^ "Sinistra:tra i consulenti anche Stiglitz - Politica". Agenzia ANSA (in Italian). 30 October 2015. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  69. ^ "European 'alliance of national liberation fronts' emerges to avenge Greek defeat". www.telegraph.co.uk. 29 July 2015. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  70. ^ "Statuto e carta di partecipazione". Sinistra Italiana (in Italian). Retrieved 20 November 2024.
  71. ^ a b "Ecco la nuova sinistra italiana. Fratoianni: "Puntiamo su patrimoniale e riduzione dell'orario di lavoro"". Tiscali Notizie. 23 February 2017. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  72. ^ "Riduzione dell'orario di lavoro a parità di salario. Adesso è il momento del coraggio". HuffPost Italia. 5 May 2020. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  73. ^ "Recovery plan, nell'ultima versione cancellato il salario minimo legale". la Repubblica. 27 April 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  74. ^ "Lavoro: Fratoianni, 'in Parlamento proposta salario minimo, cosa aspettiamo?'". Retrieved 28 September 2022.
  75. ^ "Istat: 4,6 mln di persone in povertà assoluta, record dal 2005. Fratoianni: Finiti gli spot di Palazzo Chigi, irrompe la realtà drammatica". Sinistra Ecologia Libertà. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  76. ^ "Reddito cittadinanza, Fratoianni: "Continua caccia ai poveracci da parte di chi ha grandi stipendi" | Video - Affaritaliani.it". www.affaritaliani.it. 10 November 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  77. ^ "Documenti politici approvati dal 2º Congresso nazionale di Sinistra Italiana". Sinistra Italiana. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  78. ^ "Fratoianni: "Recovery Fund, mettiamo al centro scuola, ricerca, sanità pubblica, transizione ecologica"". Politica News. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  79. ^ "Home". Nurse Times. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  80. ^ redazione (4 March 2020). "Fratoianni (Leu): avremmo preferito fosse aggiunta la parola "Pubblica" a Istruzione". Orizzonte Scuola Notizie. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  81. ^ a b redazione (10 September 2019). "Nicola Fratoianni (Sinistra Italiana): in questi anni si è speso troppo poco per scuola e università". Orizzonte Scuola Notizie. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  82. ^ "Povertà e immigrazione, Sinistra italiana ribalta i luoghi comuni". la Repubblica. 19 October 2017. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  83. ^ "Nicola Fratoianni su Twitter". Twitter. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  84. ^ "Fratoianni: "Buoni propositi per il 2022? Salario minimo e no a Berlusconi al Quirinale"". Globalist. 3 January 2022. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  85. ^ "Pineto, la Sinistra Italiana con Fratoianni presenta la Next Generation Tax". ekuonews.it. 28 November 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  86. ^ "Scuola: Fratoianni,distanziamento si fa senza classi pollaio | ANSA.it". www.ansa.it. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  87. ^ "Fratoianni a Pineto per la patrimoniale". Il Centro. 29 November 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  88. ^ "Fratoianni (LeU): "Vi spiego perché l'università gratuita è un'idea di sinistra"". Fanpage. 9 January 2018. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  89. ^ "Fratoianni: Università è diritto universale, non servizio alla persona". Sinistra Italiana. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  90. ^ "Fratoianni (SI): "Eliminare contratti pirata e tirocini gratuiti"". Archived from the original on 8 January 2022. Retrieved 28 September 2022.
  91. ^ a b "L'occasione di una svolta". la Sinistra quotidiana. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  92. ^ redazione (23 October 2017). "Mattarella: sostenere la ricerca. Fratoianni (SI): Governo accolga appello PdR e assuma 10mila ricercatori". Orizzonte Scuola Notizie. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  93. ^ Mario Piromallo (30 November 2021). "Fratoianni, Sinistra Italiana: 1.000 morti sul lavoro in 10 mesi". nordmilanotizie. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  94. ^ "Fratoianni (Sinistra Italiana): "Contro la violenza servono politiche concrete, no retorica" | Video - Affaritaliani.it". www.affaritaliani.it. 25 November 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  95. ^ "Fratoianni: "Saman ha pagato il prezzo dell'emancipazione, basta patriarcato"". Globalist. 7 June 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  96. ^ "Programma Alleanza Verdi e Sinistra". Retrieved 28 September 2022.
  97. ^ "Sinistra Italiana". www.facebook.com. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  98. ^ "Nicola Fratoianni". www.facebook.com. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  99. ^ di Alberto Sofia (8 April 2019). "Europee, debutta "La Sinistra". Fratoianni: "Noi contro politiche di austerity. Alla flat tax preferiamo la patrimoniale" - Il Fatto Quotidiano". Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  100. ^ "Ecco la nuova sinistra italiana. Fratoianni: "Puntiamo su patrimoniale e riduzione dell'orario di lavoro"". Tiscali Notizie. 23 February 2017. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  101. ^ "Sinistra italiana presenta legge di iniziativa popolare per una nuova patrimoniale. Fratoianni: "Raccoglieremo le firme anche in spiaggia"". la Repubblica. 11 June 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  102. ^ "Fratoianni a Fanpage: "Serve patrimoniale progressiva, sproporzione della ricchezza insopportabile"". Fanpage. 21 September 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  103. ^ "Chi ha paura della tassa sulla ricchezza? – Nicola Fratoianni". Archived from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  104. ^ "Delocalizzazioni, depositata alla Camera la proposta di legge scritta con i lavoratori della Gkn". Il Fatto Quotidiano. 5 November 2021. Retrieved 31 January 2022.
  105. ^ "Documenti politici approvati dal 2º Congresso nazionale di Sinistra Italiana". Sinistra Italiana. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  106. ^ "Sulla lotta all'evasione fiscale sto con Conte - HuffPost Italia". www.huffingtonpost.it. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  107. ^ "Fratoianni: "Questioni come l'eutanasia devono essere oggetto di una legislazione"". Politica News. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  108. ^ "Legalizzare la cannabis è prima di tutto una scelta di buonsenso". Twitter. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  109. ^ "Manovra: Fratoianni, 'su cannabis ennesimo atto ipocrisia'". www.iltempo.it. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  110. ^ "Unioni civili, in piazza a Roma il popolo arcobaleno: "La battaglia continua"". la Repubblica. 5 March 2016. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  111. ^ "Fratoianni difende il ddl Zan: "Troppi giovani vengono aggrediti per omotransfobia, serve una legge"". Globalist. 14 July 2020. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  112. ^ "Gazzetta di Parma - Archivio null". www.gazzettadiparma.it. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  113. ^ "Pillola abortiva: a Perugia le donne in piazza contro la decisione dell'Umbria di prevedere il ricovero per chi assuma la Ru486". la Repubblica. 21 June 2020. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  114. ^ "Umbria vieta aborto farmacologico, Fratoianni: "La Destra italiana non ha alcun rispetto per le donne"". Globalist. 16 June 2020. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  115. ^ Silvia Seminati (15 April 2021). "La deputata Guia Termini (ex Movimento 5 Stelle) firma la «gravidanza solidale»". Corriere della Sera. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  116. ^ "L'obbrobrio della GPA reato universale, urge una alleanza laica e democratica". Sinistra Italiana (in Italian). Retrieved 20 November 2024.
  117. ^ "Matricole sulle divise, Sinistra italiana ci riprova - Adnkronos.com". www.adnkronos.com. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  118. ^ "I codici identificativi per la polizia sono ancora lontani". Pagella Politica. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  119. ^ "Gay.it stila la classifica dei partiti più attenti alle istanze della comunità Lgbtqi: in alto M5s, Si/Verdi e +Europa, zero punti per la destra". 28 August 2022. Retrieved 28 September 2022.
  120. ^ "Diritti lgbtq+, dal matrimonio egualitario alla legge contro l'omotransfobia: cosa c'è nei programmi dei partiti". 26 August 2022. Retrieved 28 September 2022.
  121. ^ "Fratoianni spinge per Ius Soli e Ius Culturae: "Chi nasce e chi cresce in Italia è italiano"". Globalist. 2 January 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  122. ^ "Le condizioni di Leu. Fratoianni: "Via i decreti Sicurezza, basta bloccare barconi"". HuffPost Italia. 9 September 2019. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  123. ^ "Fratoianni: "Giusta richiesta Bellanova su regolarizzazione migranti"". Politica News. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  124. ^ "Fratoianni attacca Salvini: "Il suo è stato un approccio miserabile sull'accoglienza degli afghani"". Globalist. 18 August 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  125. ^ "Fratoianni (Si): "Garantire cordoni umanitari" | Video - Affaritaliani.it". www.affaritaliani.it. 28 August 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  126. ^ "Prepara la pace". Sinistra Italiana. Retrieved 3 March 2022.
  127. ^ "Ucraina: Fratoianni, no ad aumento spese militari Italia, risorse servono per sanità, scuola e ambiente". Agenzia Nova. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  128. ^ "Fratoianni a Fanpage: "Solo Renzi non capisce che un senatore non può essere pagato da stati esteri"". Fanpage. 17 November 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  129. ^ "Scandaloso non è Renzi, ma la legge sul finanziamento privato ai partiti". Sinistra Italiana. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  130. ^ "Caso Renzi-Arabia, no a soldi da fondi sovrani ai partiti politici. Alla Camera la proposta di legge di Sinistra italiana". la Repubblica. 22 April 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  131. ^ "Documenti politici approvati dal 2º Congresso nazionale di Sinistra Italiana". Sinistra Italiana. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  132. ^ "Per Nicola Fratoianni, il proporzionale è la terapia per la crisi della democrazia italiana". www.linkiesta.it. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  133. ^ "Maremma News".
  134. ^ https://www.verdisinistra.it/voto-dove-vivo-evi-serve-subito-una-legge/&ved=2ahUKEwin2vHZuvODAxUMR_EDHewSAb4QFnoECCQQAQ&usg=AOvVaw1lB9vmiIX_o6Yatd5Tbbmh
edit
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Italian_Left&oldid=1259983527"