There are 292 scheduled monuments in County Durham, in North East England.[1] These protected sites date from the Neolithic period in some cases and include barrows, a medieval hospital, ancient Roman sites, castle ruins, Iron Age forts, bridges and Anglo-Saxon crosses.[2] In the United Kingdom, the scheduling of monuments was first initiated to ensure the preservation of "nationally important" archaeological sites or historic buildings. Protection is given to scheduled monuments under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979.[3]
Notable scheduled monuments in County Durham
edit| Image | Name | Location | Date | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Barnard Castle | The market town called Barnard Castle | early 12th century AD | In 1474, Richard, Duke of Gloucester (later Richard III became lord of the castle by right of his wife, Anne Neville. It was of his favourite residences.[4] | |
| Binchester Roman Fort | Bishop Auckland | 79AD | The fort was established to guard the crossing of the River Wear by Dere Street, the main Roman road between York, Hadrian's Wall and Scotland.[5] | |
| Bowes Castle | Bowes | 12th century AD | Built on the site of the former Roman fort of Lavatrae. Bowes is the first of three Norman castles on the Stainmore Pass.[6] | |
| Kepier Hospital | Kepier | 1112 AD | Originally known as the Hospital of St Giles, established as an almshouse for old men in 1112 AD.[7] | |
| Longovicium | Lanchester | 2nd century AD | Most of what is known about the site has been determined from studying the large number of altars, dedication slabs and a milestone dedicated to emperor Gordian III uncovered half a mile away from the fort.[8][9] | |
| Maiden Castle | Durham | Iron Age | Promontory fort with remains of earthworks, covering a 2-acre (0.81 ha) hill top site near Durham city centre.[10][11] |
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See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "List Search for County Durham Scheduled monuments". Historic England. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
- ^ "Scheduled Ancient Monuments in the Historic County of Dorset". Ancient Monuments UK. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
- ^ "Scheduled Monuments". Historic England. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
- ^ "The Castle, Barnard Castle, Durham". Historic England. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
- ^ Historic England. "Binchester Roman fort (Vinovia) (1002362)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
- ^ Historic England. "Bowes Castle (1002318)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
- ^ Historic England. "Kepier Hospital (1002360)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
- ^ "Longovicium (Lanchester) Vicus". Roman Britain. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
- ^ Historic England. "Lanchester Roman Fort (Longovicium) (1002361)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
- ^ Historic England. "Maiden Castle promontory fort (Grade Scheduled momument) (1008844)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 3 September 2024.
- ^ "Maiden Castle". Historic England Research Records. Retrieved 3 September 2024.