croesholi
Welsh
editEtymology
editFrom croes (“cross”) + holi (“to question”).
Pronunciation
edit- (North Wales) IPA(key): /krɔɨ̯sˈhɔlɪ/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /krɔi̯sˈhoːli/, /ˈkrɔi̯sˈhɔli/
Verb
editcroesholi (first-person singular present croesholaf)
Conjugation
editConjugation (literary)
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | croesholaf | croesholi | croeshola | croesholwn | croesholwch | croesholant | croesholir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
croesholwn | croesholit | croesholai | croesholem | croesholech | croesholent | croesholid | |
preterite | croesholais | croesholaist | croesholodd | croesholasom | croesholasoch | croesholasant | croesholwyd | |
pluperfect | croesholaswn | croesholasit | croesholasai | croesholasem | croesholasech | croesholasent | croesholasid, croesholesid | |
present subjunctive | croesholwyf | croesholych | croesholo | croesholom | croesholoch | croesholont | croesholer | |
imperative | — | croeshola | croesholed | croesholwn | croesholwch | croesholent | croesholer | |
verbal noun | croesholi | |||||||
verbal adjectives | croesholedig croesholadwy |
Conjugation (colloquial)
Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |
future | croesholia i, croesholiaf i | croesholi di | croesholith o/e/hi, croesholiff e/hi | croesholiwn ni | croesholiwch chi | croesholian nhw |
conditional | croesholiwn i, croesholiswn i | croesholiet ti, croesholiset ti | croesholiai fo/fe/hi, croesholisai fo/fe/hi | croesholien ni, croesholisen ni | croesholiech chi, croesholisech chi | croesholien nhw, croesholisen nhw |
preterite | croesholiais i, croesholies i | croesholiaist ti, croesholiest ti | croesholiodd o/e/hi | croesholion ni | croesholioch chi | croesholion nhw |
imperative | — | croesholia | — | — | croesholiwch | — |
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. |
Derived terms
edit- croesholiad m (“cross-questioning”)
Mutation
editradical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
---|---|---|---|
croesholi | groesholi | nghroesholi | chroesholi |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
edit- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “croesholi”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies