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Anonymous and the Russian invasion of Ukraine

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Anonymous, a decentralized international activist and hacktivist collective, has conducted numerous cyber-operations against Russia since February 2022 when the Russian invasion of Ukraine began.

Prelude

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Starting from late 2021, Anonymous took notice of the military build-up near the Russia–Ukraine border and thus acted to propagate peace plans to end the war in Donbas by defacing various websites, such as United Nations' Networks on Migration, Polar Research Institute of China, Convention on Biological Diversity, and various government websites in China.[1][2][3][4][5]

In the hacking campaign named "Operation Samantha Smith", which is a reference to the 1980s child peace activist, they called for a referendum in Ukraine on whether to presumably follow the now-defunct Minsk Protocol or hand over the separatist-controlled territories to a UN peacekeeping administration. Later, a second referendum in the separatist regions would then ask voters to choose to reunite with Ukraine, gain independence, or join Russia. Besides that, they also called for the creation of a "neutral grouping" of countries "wedged between NATO and Russia" that would include Ukraine, Finland, Belarus, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Moldova. Anonymous argued that the so-called "neutral security belt" could serve as an alliance similar to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) or the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) that acts as a cordon sanitaire between NATO and CSTO countries in order to "assuage Russia's fears without NATO losing its face."[1][2]

As the situation escalated, they threatened to take hostage of industrial control systems and implicitly warned Russia that the "sole party to be blamed if we escalate on that, will be the same one who started it in the very first place with troop buildups, childish threats, and waves of unreasonable ultimatums." Furthermore, they urged the United Nations to immediately deploy peacekeepers on "at least the Ukrainian side of the frontline in Donbass" under the basis of UN Resolution 337 (V) to "prevent any further provocations" by any side.[4]

In the aftermath of Russia's recognition of the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic and in accordance to the hacking collective's threats to take hostage of industrial control systems, they conducted a small hack on a Russian Modbus device which they've announced on a hacked Chinese cultural website, although early on Anonymous kept the location of the hack ambiguous.

According to Anonymous, the Modbus device was said to be a Schneider Electric's Modicon M251 logic controller, and that they were previously "playing nice" so not to give Russia a casus belli but because of the subsequent Russian invasion of Ukraine, Operation Samantha Smith was presumably deemed as a failure and Anonymous would start attacking Russian websites and systems as retaliation.[5]

Operation Russia

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See also: Russo-Ukrainian War, 2022 Ukraine cyberattacks, 2021–2022 Russo-Ukrainian crisis, Operation Samantha Smith, and Timeline of events associated with Anonymous

On February 25, 2022, Twitter accounts associated with Anonymous declared that they had launched a 'cyber operation' against the Russian Federation, in retaliation for the invasion of Ukraine ordered by Russian president Vladimir Putin. The operation was dubbed "OpRussia". The group later temporarily disabled websites such as RT.com and the website of the Defence Ministry along with other state owned websites.[6][7][self-published source?][8][9][10] Anonymous also leaked 200 GB worth of emails from the Belarusian weapons manufacturer Tetraedr, which provided logistical support for Russia in the Russian invasion of Ukraine.[11] Anonymous also hacked into Russian TV channels and played Ukrainian music[12] through them and showed uncensored news of what was happening in Ukraine.[13]

They hacked into a Russian Center for the Protection of Monuments website (memorials.tomsk.ru) and uploaded three defacement pages adorned with the blue and yellow colors of the Ukrainian flag. In the first defacement page, they included the standard Anonymous logo, a music video of Mandopop song "Fragile", brief announcement that the Operation Samantha Smith has morphed into Operation Russia and Operation Ukraine while warned "we will do what we must" following the Russian military invasion, and a photo of Ukrainian revolutionary Nestor Makhno.[14]

Following through their threats during Operation Samantha Smith, Anonymous had also hacked a Chinese SIMATIC programmable logic controller along with two Russian Modbus devices. Memes from social-networking website Reddit appeared on the defaced website, including an image of Russian President Vladimir Putin in heavy makeup with a rainbow as a background, together with a series of embedded Reddit posts which asked users to vote for which parts of Russia should declare independence. Next, appearing on the hacked website are the Ukrainian national anthem, Ukrainian coat of arms and a map appearing to show Kuomintang plans for an invasion of China and the Soviet Union.[14]

In the second defacement page uploaded by Anonymous to memorials.tomsk.ru, the photos and the names of deceased passengers from Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 were shown, while in the third defacement page, the Anonymous logo, the Guy Fawkes mask image, and a video that plays the circus theme song "Entrance of the Gladiators" on loop for 10 hours appeared. In an interview, the spokesperson of the hacking collective emphasized that "Anonymous is not a group, not a country, but an amorphous idea. It flows like air, like water, like everything. Let it be known that since its inception, Anonymous never have restrictions that say that only homo sapiens can be part of it.", while threatening that any further cyberattacks will be "precipitated by Russia's continued failure in recognizing the territorial aggression in itself is nothing but a relic of dark ages in the distant past."[14]

Besides posting Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy's defiant speech against the invasion and a video calling for the creation of neutral grouping of countries between NATO and Russia into memorials.tomsk.ru, Anonymous announced that they had hacked a Russian Linux terminal and a gas control system in North Ossetia, while stating that they had almost caused an explosion in the latter, but did not because of a fast-acting human worker. The hacking collective also added several hashtags and slogans, including "SlavaUkraini", "#OpRussia", "Putin #EpikFail", and "/r/opukraine" into the gas control system.[15]

Anonymous is also believed to be responsible for hacking several Russian state TV channels; many users on Twitter and TikTok uploaded videos showing channels playing Ukrainian music and displaying pro-Ukraine images, flags, and symbols.[16] Furthermore, they had hacked Russian television services in order to broadcast footage of the war in Ukraine, and systems believed to be related to Russian space agency Roscosmos where they defaced its website and leaked mission files.[17][18][19]

A yacht allegedly belonging to Vladimir Putin was reportedly hacked by the group where they changed its call sign to “FCKPTN” and setting its target destination to “hell”. Furthermore, they broadcast a troll face picture through a hacked Russian military radio.[20][21]

At least 2,500 Russian and Belarusian targets were reportedly hacked by Anonymous. These included more than three hundred websites of Russian government agencies, state media outlets, banks, as well as websites of leading Belarusian banks such as Belarusbank, Priorbank and Belinvestbank. Furthermore, they also hacked a website belonging to Chechnya's regional government. They also warned that “If things continue as they have been in the past few days, the cyber war will be expanded and our measures will be massively increased. This is the final warning to the entire Russian government. Don't mess with Anonymous.”[22][23]

Over 400 Russian cameras were hacked by Anonymous with anti-Putin messages such as "Putin is killing children". Some of the cameras had its live feeds compiled onto a website called behindenemylines.live. On the website, Anonymous explains that the hacks are a message to Russia that it must "pay a huge price because of the shameful decision of the dictator Putin to attack an independent Ukraine by armed forces." It asserted that sanctions imposed on Russia will result in state collapse and have worse consequences for its citizens than the oligarchy. Anonymous further stated that "150 million Russians do not know the truth about the causes or course of the war in Ukraine" and are instead fed a steady stream of "Kremlin propaganda." Anonymous stated that the purposes of the hacks are to "spread information to the Russian people" as well as serve as a possible reconnaissance tool for Ukraine. It then directly addressed Russians: "we just want you to know that you are being brainwashed by state propaganda, and the Kremlin and Putin are lying to you." Besides that, they emphasized that "Ukraine is not controlled by Nazis" and hence the Ukrainian people "do not need you to 'free' them." while calling for a popular uprising, vowing that they will receive support from the rest of the world.[24]

In response to the seizure of Ukraine's Zaporizhia Nuclear Power Plant by Russia, Anonymous defaced the website of Rosatom and gained access to gigabytes of data which they intended to leak publicly. Furthermore, they had hacked into printers in Russia to spread anti-propaganda messages.[25][26][27]

In the aftermath of Bucha massacre, the hacking collective leaked the personal information of 120,000 Russian soldiers in Ukraine.[28]

Hacks

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On March 7, 2022, Anonymous actors DepaixPorteur and TheWarriorPoetz declared on Twitter[29][self-published source?] that they hacked 400 Russian surveillance cameras and broadcast them on a website.[30] They call this operation "Russian Camera Dump".[29][self-published source?]

On March 10, 2022, Anonymous claimed responsibility for the theft and publication of 820 GB[31] worth of documents from Roskomnadzor.[32][33] It is being released by Distributed Denial of Secrets (DDoSecrets).[33][34][35] DDoSecrets writes about the leak: "This dataset was released in the buildup to, in the midst of, or in the aftermath of a cyberwar or hybrid war. Therefore, there is an increased chance of malware, ulterior motives and altered or implanted data, or false flags/fake personas. As a result, we encourage readers, researchers and journalists to take additional care with the data."[35] The leak revealed a new online surveillance system tracking anti-war sentiment and other "threats" to Russian stability and the Putin regime.[36]

On March 25, 2022, DDoSecrets published approximately 22.5 gigabytes of emails allegedly from the Central Bank of Russia, which was allegedly hacked by Anonymous actor Thblckrbbtworld.[37]

On March 29, 2022, DDoSecrets published 2.4 gigabytes of emails from RostProekt, which was hacked by Anonymous actor DepaixPorteur. RostProekt is a Russian construction company. The RostProekt hack was dubbed as a "celebration" for the grand opening of the now-defunct AnonymousLeaks, a leak site solely for leaks from the Anonymous Collective.[38][self-published source?]

On April 1, 2022, DDoSecrets published approximately 79,000 emails from Transneft, which was hacked by Anonymous.[39]

On April 2, 2022, DDoSecrets published approximately 200,000 emails from Capital Legal Services, which was hacked by Anonymous actor Wh1t3Sh4d0w.[40]

On April 4, 2022, DDoSecrets published more than 900,000 emails from the All-Russia State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company (VGTRK), which were hacked by the Anonymous aligned NB65.[41]

On April 7, 2022, DDoSecrets published approximately 100,000 emails from Aerogas, which was hacked by Anonymous.[42]

On April 11, 2022, DDoSecrets published approximately 230,000 emails from Blagoveshchensk City Administration, which was hacked by Anonymous.[43]

On April 12, 2022 Anonymous leaked 446 GB of data from Russian Ministry of Culture.[44]

On April 13, 2022, DDoSecrets published roughly 495,000 emails from Technotec, which was hacked by the Anonymous.[45]

On April 15, 2022, DDoSecrets published roughly 400 gigabytes of emails from the Continent Express, a Russian travel agency, which was hacked by the Anonymous aligned NB65.[46]

On April 18, 2022, DDoSecrets published 222 gigabytes of emails, files and decryption keys from Gazregion, which was hacked by three different sources around the same time, including the Anonymous actor DepaixPorteur, the Anonymous affiliated NB65, and an unnamed actor.[47]

On April 19, 2022, DDoSecrets published 15,600 emails from GUOV i GS – General Dept. of Troops and Civil Construction, which was hacked by the Anonymous actor DepaixPorteur.[48]

On April 20, 2022, DDoSecrets published 250,000 emails from Worldwide Invest, which was hacked by Anonymous.[49]

On April 20, 2022, DDoSecrets published 426,000 emails from Worldwide Invest, which was hacked by Anonymous.[50]

On April 22, 2022, DDoSecrets published 365,000 emails from Accent Capital, which was hacked by Anonymous.[51]

On April 25, 2022, DDoSecrets published nearly 1,100,000 emails from ALET/АЛЕТ, which was hacked by Anonymous.[52]

On May 5, 2022, DDoSecrets published roughly 480 gigabytes of files, emails and disk images from CorpMSP, which was hacked by the Anonymous aligned NB65.[53]

On May 9, 2022, which is the Victory Day in Russia, the video-hosting website RuTube was taken down through cyberattacks, which Anonymous had claimed responsibility later. Furthermore, Network Battalion 65 (NB65), a hacktivist group affiliated with Anonymous, has reportedly hacked Russian payment processor Qiwi. A total of 10.5 terabytes of data including transaction records and customers' credit cards had been exfiltrated. They further infected Qiwi with ransomwares and threatened to release more customer records.[54][55]

On May 11, 2022, DDoSecrets published over 466 gigabytes of emails from the Nikolai M. Knipovich Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography (PINRO), which was hacked by Anonymous actors DepaixPorteur and B00daMooda.[56]

On May 12, 2022, DDoSecrets published over 7,000 emails from the Achinsk City Government, which was hacked by Anonymous.[57]

On May 13, 2022, DDoSecrets published 116,500 emails from SOCAR Energoresource, which was hacked by Anonymous.[58]

On May 30, 2022, DDoSecrets published more than 184 gigabytes of emails from Metprom Group LLC, which was hacked by the Anonymous actors DepaixPorteur, B00daMooda, and Wh1t3Sh4d0w.[59]

On June 1, 2022, DDoSecrets published more than 1,000,000 emails from Vyberi Radio, which was hacked by Anonymous.[60]

On June 3, 2022, DDoSecrets published 1 terabyte of data, which included millions of files including emails, court files, client data, classified data, photographs, videos, payment information, and more from Rustam Kurmaev and Partners (RKPLaw), which was hacked by Anonymous actors DepaixPorteur and B00daMooda.[61][62][63]

On September 1, 2022, Russian taxi service Yandex Taxi was hacked which sent dozens of cars to a location resulting in a traffic jam that lasted up to three hours. Anonymous claimed responsibility for the hack shortly thereafter.[64]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Everington, Keoni (23 December 2021). "Anonymous posts pro-Taiwan pages on UN website for Christmas | Taiwan News | 2021-12-23 17:16:00". Taiwan News. Retrieved 24 December 2021.
  2. ^ a b Everington, Keoni (18 January 2022). "Anonymous posts 'Taiwan Numbah Wan!' on Chinese government website | Taiwan News | 2022-01-18 13:22:00". Taiwan News. Retrieved 18 January 2022.
  3. ^ Everington, Keoni (26 January 2022). "Anonymous posts 'Taiwan Numbah Wan!' on UN agency website | Taiwan News | 2022-01-26 13:13:00". Taiwan News. Retrieved 26 January 2022.
  4. ^ a b Everington, Keoni (7 February 2022). "Anonymous posts Taiwan flag, Peng Shuai on CCP website | Taiwan News | 2022-02-07 19:01:00". Taiwan News. Retrieved 10 February 2022.
  5. ^ a b Everington, Keoni (24 February 2022). "Anonymous hacks Chinese site, Russian device as 'warning shot' over Ukraine | Taiwan News | 2022-02-24 18:01:00". Taiwan News. Retrieved 25 February 2022.
  6. ^ @YourAnonNews (February 24, 2022). "#Anonymous is currently involved in operations against the Russian Federation. Our operations are targeting the Russian government. There is an inevitability that the private sector will most likely be affected too. While this account cannot claim to speak for the whole (con)" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  7. ^ @YourAnonTV (February 24, 2022). "JUST IN: Hacking group #Anonymous launches 'full-scale' cyberattacks on Russian government websites in retaliation for #Russia's invasion of #Ukraine. #OpRussia #StandwithUkraine" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  8. ^ "Anonymous Hackers Launch Cyber Ops Against Russia, Claim Government Site Takedowns - HS Today". 2022-02-25. Retrieved 2022-02-25.
  9. ^ Superadmin. "Anonymous group declares 'cyberwar' on Russia". www.uniindia.com. Retrieved 2022-02-25.
  10. ^ "Russia–Ukraine war: Anonymous hackers launch cyberwar against Russia taking down government websites". Business Insider. Retrieved 2022-02-27.
  11. ^ "Anonymous hacked the Russian Defense Ministry and is targeting Russian companies". Security Affairs. 2022-02-26. Retrieved 2022-02-27.
  12. ^ "Russian media channels broadcast Ukrainian songs after hacker group Anonymous declare cyber war". inews.co.uk. 2022-02-27. Retrieved 2022-02-27.
  13. ^ Milmo, Dan (2022-02-27). "Anonymous: the hacker collective that has declared cyberwar on Russia". The Guardian. Retrieved 2022-03-02. ...the group had hacked Russian state TV channels, posting pro-Ukraine content including patriotic songs and images from the invasion.
  14. ^ a b c Everington, Keoni (25 February 2022). "Anonymous hacks into Russian website, devices to retaliate for Ukraine invasion | Taiwan News | 2022-02-25 18:18:00". Taiwan News. Retrieved 25 February 2022.
  15. ^ Everington, Keoni (27 February 2022). "Anonymous hacks Russian website, Linux terminal, and nearly ignites gas control system | Taiwan News | 27 February 2022 17:46:00". Taiwan News. Retrieved 27 February 2022.
  16. ^ "Anonymous claims responsibility for Russian government website outages". finance.yahoo.com. 26 February 2022. Retrieved 27 February 2022.
  17. ^ "Anonymous is 'waging war' on Russia: Several broadcasts hacked". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. 7 March 2022. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
  18. ^ "Anonymous says Russia's spy satellites are now hacked. But the nation denies everything". interestingengineering.com. 3 March 2022. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
  19. ^ Faife, Corin (3 March 2022). "Anonymous-linked group hacks Russian space research site, claims to leak mission files". The Verge. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
  20. ^ "Hackers set the intended destination of Putin's $100 million yacht to "hell"". Mic. 2 March 2022. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
  21. ^ Brown, Lee (7 March 2022). "Vigilante group Anonymous hacks Russian state TV with banned Ukraine footage". New York Post. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
  22. ^ "Anonymous hacks more than 300 Russian official websites". www.ukrinform.net. 28 February 2022. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
  23. ^ "Anonymous Claims More Than 2,500 Targets Hacked in First Week of #OpRussia Offensive - HS Today". 4 March 2022. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
  24. ^ Everington, Keoni (9 March 2022). "Anonymous hacks over 400 Russian cameras to support Ukraine | Taiwan News | 2022-03-09 11:39:00". Taiwan News. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  25. ^ "Anonymous hacker group defaces Rosatom's website, launches massive leak of operator's data". www.ukrinform.net. 16 March 2022. Retrieved 6 April 2022.
  26. ^ Everington, Keoni (15 March 2022). "Anonymous hacks into Russian firm running Ukrainian nuclear plant | Taiwan News | 2022-03-15 18:51:00". Taiwan News. Retrieved 6 April 2022.
  27. ^ Kika, Thomas (21 March 2022). "Anonymous hacks into Russian printers to deliver resistance information". Newsweek. Retrieved 6 April 2022.
  28. ^ "Anonymous apparently behind doxing of 120K Russian soldiers in Ukraine war". Newsweek. 3 April 2022. Retrieved 6 April 2022.
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  30. ^ "Anonymous sent 7 million texts to Russians plus hacked 400 of their security cams". HackRead. 2022-03-12. Retrieved 2022-03-12.
  31. ^ Best, Emma; Lorax, B. Horne (2022-03-10). "Release: Roskomnadzor (820 GB)". Distributed Email of Secrets. Retrieved 2022-03-10.
  32. ^ Brewster, Thomas. "An 'Unhappy American' In The Russia–Ukraine Information War Promises A Huge Leak Of Data Stolen From The Kremlin's Internet Censor". Forbes. Retrieved 2022-03-11.
  33. ^ a b "Anonymous releases 364,000 files about Russia's censorship of invasion". UPI. Retrieved 2022-03-13.
  34. ^ "Anonymous hacks Russian federal agency, releases 360,000 documents". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. 10 March 2022. Retrieved 2022-03-10.
  35. ^ a b "Roskomnadzor". Distributed Denial of Secrets. Retrieved 2022-03-10.
  36. ^ "The hunt for 'antimilitarism' Leaked documents indicate that Russia's federal censor has been monitoring the Internet for peace activism since at least 2020". Meduza. Retrieved 2022-04-17.
  37. ^ "Confirmed: Anonymous Hacks Central Bank of Russia; Leaks 28GB of Data". HackRead. 2022-03-26. Retrieved 2022-03-26.
  38. ^ "DepaixPorteur on Twitter". Twitter. 2022-03-26. Retrieved 2022-03-27.
  39. ^ "The hacking will continue until Russia stops their aggression". The Tech Outlook. 2022-04-02. Retrieved 2022-04-01.
  40. ^ "The hacking will continue until Russia stops their aggression". The Tech Outlook. 2022-04-02. Retrieved 2022-04-02.
  41. ^ "Hackers steal 900K emails from Russia's largest state-owned media corporation". The Daily Dot. 2022-04-04. Retrieved 2022-04-04.
  42. ^ "Three Russian firms have over 400 GB worth of emails leaked". CyberNews. 2022-04-08. Retrieved 2022-04-08.
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  44. ^ "Anonymous Hits Russian Ministry of Culture- Leaks 446GB of Data". 12 April 2022. Retrieved 13 April 2022.
  45. ^ "Anonymous Collective's Cyber attack on Technotecs Russian Oil Company, Leaves 495,000 emails on DDoSecrets". The Tech Outlook. 2022-04-13. Retrieved 2022-04-13.
  46. ^ "Anonymous collective NB65 hacks 400 GB of files and databases from Continent Express, Russia's largest independent travel agency". The Tech Outlook. 2022-04-16. Retrieved 2022-04-16.
  47. ^ "The Anonymous collective has leaked 222 GB of emails and files from Gazregion". The Tech Outlook. 2022-04-18. Retrieved 2022-04-18.
  48. ^ "Anonymous leaks 15,600 new emails from GUOV I GS via DDoSecrets". The Tech Outlook. 2022-04-19. Retrieved 2022-04-19.
  49. ^ "Anonymous hacked and released data from Worldwide Invest and Sawatzky". The Tech Outlook. 2022-04-22. Retrieved 2022-04-22.
  50. ^ "Anonymous released 426,000 new emails from Tendertech". The Tech Outlook. 2022-04-22. Retrieved 2022-04-22.
  51. ^ "Anonymous leaks 365,000 emails from Accent Capital via DDoSecrets". Security Affairs. 2022-04-22. Retrieved 2022-04-22.
  52. ^ "Anonymous has published nearly 1.1 million emails from ALET / АЛЕТ on DDoSecrets". The Tech Outlook. 2022-04-25. Retrieved 2022-04-25.
  53. ^ "Anonymous collective NB65 hacks Over 480 GB emails from CorpMSP, a Russian government organization". The Tech Outlook. 2022-05-06. Retrieved 2022-05-06.
  54. ^ Mughal, Arsi (12 May 2022). "Anonymous Claims To Have Hacked Russian Streaming Service RuTube On Victory Day". Retrieved 8 June 2022.
  55. ^ "Anonymous NB65 Claims Hack on Russian Payment Processor Qiwi". 9 May 2022. Retrieved 9 May 2022.
  56. ^ "OpRussia update: Anonymous breached other organizations". Security Affairs. 2022-05-14. Retrieved 2022-05-14.
  57. ^ "Anonymous breached Achinsk City government email database with 7000 emails leaked". The Tech Outlook. 2022-05-12. Retrieved 2022-05-12.
  58. ^ "Russian SOCAR Energoresource company became victim of cyber attack by Anonymous Collective". The Tech Outlook. 2022-05-13. Retrieved 2022-05-13.
  59. ^ "Anonymous Collective hacked and released emails data of Metprom Group that has worked on dozens of projects with companies like ArcelorMittal". The Tech Outlook. 2022-05-31. Retrieved 2022-05-31.
  60. ^ "Hackers leaked millions of emails of the Russian Vyberi Radio". The Tech Outlook. 2022-06-01. Retrieved 2022-06-01.
  61. ^ "RKPLaw hacked by anonymous collective and 1 TB data released". The Tech Outlook. 2022-06-03. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
  62. ^ "Operation Russia continues, albeit much more slowly than last month, RKPLaw, Vyberi Radio, and Metprom Group are the last victims". Security Affairs. 2022-06-03. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
  63. ^ "Anonymous Hacktivists Leak 1TB of Top Russian Law Firm Data". HackRead. 2022-06-03. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
  64. ^ Papadopoulos, Loukia (2 September 2022). "A hacker attacked Yandex Taxi and sent dozens of cars to the same location". interestingengineering.com. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
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