doceo

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *dokeō, from earlier *dokejō, causative of Proto-Indo-European *deḱ- (“to take”).^[1] Cognate with Ancient Greek δοκέω (dokéō, “I expect, suppose, seem”) and Ancient Greek δέχομαι (dékhomai, “I accept, receive”). The sense "rehearse, present on stage" is a semantic loan from Ancient Greek διδάσκω (didáskō).

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈdo.ke.oː/, [ˈd̪ɔkeoː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈdo.t͡ʃe.o/, [ˈd̪ɔːt͡ʃeo]

Verb

doceō (present infinitive docēre, perfect active docuī, supine doctum); second conjugation

to teach, instruct; tell, inform; show, demonstrate
Synonyms: īnstruō, discō, ēdūcō, ērudiō, ēdoceō, imbuō, magistrō, fingō

Omnium scientiārum prīnceps, Salmantica docet. ― The University of Salamanca, first in all fields of knowledge, teaches.
(drama) to rehearse, present on stage

Usage notes

The verb doceō takes a double accusative to express both the knowledge taught or given and to whom it is taught.

Conjugation

Conjugation of doceō (second conjugation)

indicative		singular			plural
indicative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	doceō	docēs	docet	docēmus	docētis	docent
	imperfect	docēbam	docēbās	docēbat	docēbāmus	docēbātis	docēbant
	future	docēbō	docēbis	docēbit	docēbimus	docēbitis	docēbunt
	perfect	docuī	docuistī	docuit	docuimus	docuistis	docuērunt, docuēre
	pluperfect	docueram	docuerās	docuerat	docuerāmus	docuerātis	docuerant
	future perfect	docuerō	docueris	docuerit	docuerimus	docueritis	docuerint
passive	present	doceor	docēris, docēre	docētur	docēmur	docēminī	docentur
	imperfect	docēbar	docēbāris, docēbāre	docēbātur	docēbāmur	docēbāminī	docēbantur
	future	docēbor	docēberis, docēbere	docēbitur	docēbimur	docēbiminī	docēbuntur
	perfect	doctus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	doctus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	doctus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
subjunctive		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	doceam	doceās	doceat	doceāmus	doceātis	doceant
imperfect	docērem	docērēs	docēret	docērēmus	docērētis	docērent
perfect	docuerim	docuerīs	docuerit	docuerīmus	docuerītis	docuerint
pluperfect	docuissem	docuissēs	docuisset	docuissēmus	docuissētis	docuissent
passive	present	docear	doceāris, doceāre	doceātur	doceāmur	doceāminī	doceantur
imperfect	docērer	docērēris, docērēre	docērētur	docērēmur	docērēminī	docērentur
perfect	doctus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect	doctus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
imperative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	docē	—	—	docēte	—
active	future	—	docētō	docētō	—	docētōte	docentō
passive	present	—	docēre	—	—	docēminī	—
passive	future	—	docētor	docētor	—	—	docentor
non-finite forms		active			passive
non-finite forms		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		docēre	docuisse	doctūrum esse	docērī	doctum esse	doctum īrī
participles		docēns	—	doctūrus	—	doctus	docendus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		docendī	docendō	docendum	docendō	doctum	doctū

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

Old Occitan: dozer
Old French: duire, doire (homophone for duire 'lead' < dūcere)
- French: duire (archaic or regional (Normandy))
→ Ido: docar

References

^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “doceō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 176

“doceo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“doceo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
doceo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- everyday experience tells us this: res ipsa, usus rerum (cotidie) docet
- experience has taught me: usus me docuit
- to teach children the rudiments: pueros elementa (prima) docere
- the very facts of the case show this: res ipsa docet
- to teach an art: artem tradere, docere
- to teach some one to play a stringed instrument: docere aliquem fidibus
- to study a piece, of the actor); to get a piece played, rehearse it: fabulam docere (διδάσκειν) (of the writer) (opp. fabulam discere
- this fable teaches us (without nos): haec fabula docet
Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “docere”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 3: D–F, page 111

[EDL-1] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “doceō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 176

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