gaan

• gaat (Cape Afrikaans)
• gat (Cape Afrikaans)

From Dutch gaan, from Middle Dutch gâen, from Old Dutch gān, from a fusion of Proto-Germanic *gāną and *ganganą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁-, *ǵʰengʰ-.

• IPA^(key): /ˈχɑːn/

• Audio:

  (file)

gaan (present gaan, present participle gaande, past participle gegaan)

1. to go
2. Used to express the future tense, often while implying nearness in time or certainty, like English going to.

From English grand.

gaan

1. big, large

• gaanse (“majority (of something, some group, etc)”, literally “big side”)

• Gaaman (Gaanman)

• Aukan-English Dictionary (SIL), citing Vernon (1985)

From Proto-Philippine *ʀaqan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀaqan.

• IPA^(key): /ɡaˈʔan/ [ɡɐˈʔan̪]
• Hyphenation: ga‧an

gaán (Badlit spelling ᜄᜀᜈ᜔)

1. light (not heavy)

   Antonym: bug-at

2. easy

From Middle Dutch gâen, from Old Dutch gān, from a fusion of Proto-West Germanic *gān and *gangan, from Proto-Germanic *gāną and *ganganą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁-, *ǵʰengʰ-.

• IPA^(key): /ɣaːn/

• Audio (Belgium):

  (file)

• Audio (Netherlands):

  (file)

• Hyphenation: gaan
• Rhymes: -aːn

gaan

1. (intransitive) to go, to move from one place to another

   Ik ga naar het strand. ― I'm going to the beach.

   Die auto gaat nergens naartoe. ― That car isn't going anywhere.

2. (intransitive) to leave or depart, to move away

   Morgen gaan ze weer. ― They're leaving again tomorrow.

3. (intransitive) to lead (in a direction)

   Deze weg gaat helemaal naar Limburg. ― This road goes all the way to Limburg.

4. (intransitive) to proceed (well or poorly)

   Dat ging goed. ― That went well.

   Hoe gaat het? ― How is it going?

   Dat gaat niet. ― That won't work.

5. (auxiliary) Forms the future tense of a verb, similarly to English going to future tense

   Het gaat toch niet werken. ― It is not going to work anyway.

6. (auxiliary) to start to, begin to, to be going to

   De zon gaat weer schijnen. ― The sun is starting to shine again.

   Ik ga slapen. ― I'm going to sleep.

   Het gaat zo regenen. ― It's going to start raining soon.

• Gaan is technically used in the Netherlands as an auxiliary verb for the future tense only if the subject moves to do something, if there is a new action or if someone plans to do something. However, informally, gaan is often used for the senses where zullen should be used instead. This is not generally accepted. The same goes for the past tense, where gingen is increasingly used when it is not necessary.
• In questions, the past tense ging(en) in the sense of “to go” can be used to indicate the present. In Dutch, one can ask “Ging je nog naar die verjaardag vanavond?” which means “Are you still going to that birthday party tonight?”. The question implies there was a plan to go to the said party, and asks for confirmation that the plan is still on. This exceptional use of the past tense with a present meaning is also seen for the verb moeten.

Conjugation of gaan (strong class 7, irregular)
infinitive	gaan
past singular	ging
past participle	gegaan
infinitive	gaan
gerund	gaan n
	present tense	past tense
1st person singular	ga	ging
2nd person sing. (jij)	gaat, ga2	ging
2nd person sing. (u)	gaat	ging
2nd person sing. (gij)	gaat	gingt
3rd person singular	gaat	ging
plural	gaan	gingen
subjunctive sing.1	ga	ginge
subjunctive plur.1	gaan	gingen
imperative sing.	ga
imperative plur.1	gaat
participles	gaand	gegaan
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.

• gang

• Afrikaans: gaan
• Javindo: ha, haat
• Jersey Dutch: xân, xâne
• Petjo: gaan, haan

• ga na, naga

• gwaan
• gwan

gaan

1. okra, Hibiscus esculentus

• gwanforo
• gwannan

From Proto-Athabaskan *-ɢa̓·ŋ-əʔ.

Cognates:

• Apachean: Western Apache -gan, Chiricahua -gan, Jicarilla -gan, Lipan -gąą’, Plains Apache -gąą
• Others: Tsuut’ina -gànὰ’, Hupa -ɢan-, Mattole, -gaane’, Galice gaaneʔ, Chilcotin -gán, Slavey -gǫ́’, Hare -góné’, Dogrib -gǫ̀, Dene Sųłiné -gané, Sekani -gòne’, Dunneza -góné’, Central Tanana -gonaʔ, Hän -gæ̀nn’, Ahtna -ɢaane’, Dena'ina -ɢuna, Eyak -ɢəla’, Tlingit jín ("hand")

• IPA^(key): [kɑ̀ːn], [kɣɑ̀ːn]

-gaan (inalienable, e.g., shigaan "my arm", bigaan "her/his/its/their arm"), compound form: gąą-, gą-, gan-

1. arm, foreleg, limb, branch, front wheel

From Old English gān (“to go”). An alternative (and arguably more phonetically neutral; see the pronunciations given) spelling of gan or gaun.

• Phonetic transcriptions: IPA^(key): [ɡɑːn], [ɡɒːn]
• Phonemic transcription: IPA^(key): /ɡan/

The latter is the more traditional form.

In some compounds it frequently becomes IPA^(key): /ɡən/, e.g. gaan oot IPA^(key): /ɡən ut/, gaan in IPA^(key): /ɡən ɪn/.

gaan (third-person singular simple present gaans, present participle gaan, simple past went or wett, past participle been)

1. (Southern Scots) to go

   Where div ee hink ee'r gaan at this time o night?

   Where do you think you're going at this time of night?

From Proto-Philippine *ʀaqan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀaqan. Compare Bikol Central gian.

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ɡaˈʔan/ [ɡɐˈʔan̪]
  • Rhymes: -an
• (dialectal, Batangas, Quezon) IPA^(key): /ˈɡaʔan/ [ˈɡaː.ʔɐn̪]
  • Rhymes: -aʔan
• Syllabification: ga‧an

gaán or gaan (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜀᜈ᜔)

1. lightness (lack of weight)

   Antonym: bigat

2. facility; ease of doing; easiness

   Synonym: alwan

3. lightness (of sleep)

   Synonym: babaw

4. ease (of life)

   Synonym: ginhawa

• “gaan”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*Raqan”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

• anga, gana, naga

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *ʀaqan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀaqan.

• (Sinūgan Parianun) IPA^(key): /ɡaʔan/ [ɡɑˈʔɑn̪]
• Rhymes: -an
• Syllabification: ga‧an

gaan (Sulat Sūg spelling ݢَأَنْ)

1. lightness (of weight, work, material, etc.)

   Antonym: buggat