mischief
Appearance
English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle English myschef, meschef, meschief, mischef, from Old French meschief, from meschever (“to bring to grief”), from mes- (“badly”) + chever (“happen; come to a head”), from Vulgar Latin *capare, from Latin caput (“head”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈmɪst͡ʃɪf/, /ˈmɪst͡ʃiːf/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈmɪst͡ʃɪf/
- Rhymes: -ɪstʃɪf, -ɪstʃiːf
Noun
[edit]mischief (countable and uncountable, plural mischiefs)
- (uncountable) Conduct that playfully causes petty annoyance.
- Synonyms: delinquency, naughtiness, roguery, scampishness; see also Thesaurus:villainy, Thesaurus:mischief
- Drink led to mischief.
- (countable) A playfully annoying action.
- John's mischief, tying his shoelaces together, irked George at first.
- (collective) A group or a pack of rats.
- 2014, G. W. Rennie, The Rat Chronicles, iUniverse, →ISBN, page 21:
- Kirac, the leader of the rats under his charge, speaks to the major through his telepathic abilities that manifested after the alien virus infected him and his mischief of rats.
- 2015, Rachel Smith, John Davidson, Rats For Kids, Mendon Cottage Books, →ISBN, page 6:
- A group of rats is not a herd or a gaggle, but a pack or a mischief of rats. Rats in general are omnivorous, meaning they will eat almost anything.
- (archaic) Harm or injury:
- (uncountable) Harm or trouble caused by an agent or brought about by a particular cause.
- She had mischief in her heart.
- Sooner or later he'll succeed in doing some serious mischief.
- 1697, Virgil, “The Tenth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 502, lines 139–140:
- Was I the Cauſe of Miſchief, or the Man / Whoſe lawlesſ Luſt the bloody War began?
- 1718 December 15 (Gregorian calendar), Jonathan Swift, “A Letter Concerning the Sacramental Test”, in Thomas Sheridan, John Nichols, editors, The Works of the Rev. Jonathan Swift, […], new edition, volume IV, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], published 1801, →OCLC, page 435:
- I have been tired in history with the perpetual folly of those states, who call in foreigners to assist them against a common enemy: but the mischief was, these allies would never be brought to allow, that the common enemy was quite subdued. And they had reason; for it proved at last, that one part of the common enemy was those who called them in, and so the allies became at length the masters.
- 1815 December (indicated as 1816), [Jane Austen], chapter 8, in Emma: […], volume I, London: […] [Charles Roworth and James Moyes] for John Murray, →OCLC:
- Vanity working on a weak head, produces every sort of mischief.
- 1914 September – 1915 May, Arthur Conan Doyle, chapter 1, in The Valley of Fear: A Sherlock Holmes Novel, New York, N.Y.: George H[enry] Doran Company, published 27 February 1915, →OCLC:
- I fear this means that there is some mischief afoot.
- (countable) An injury or an instance of harm or trouble caused by a person or other agent or cause.
- It may end in her doing a great mischief to herself—and perhaps to others too.
- c. 1589–1590 (date written), Christopher Marlo[we], edited by Tho[mas] Heywood, The Famous Tragedy of the Rich Iew of Malta. […], London: […] I[ohn] B[eale] for Nicholas Vavasour, […], published 1633, →OCLC, Act I:
- [R]eligion / Hides many mischiefs from suspicion.
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Deuteronomy 32:23:
- I will heape mischiefes vpon them, I will spend mine arrowes vpon them.
- (uncountable) Harm or trouble caused by an agent or brought about by a particular cause.
- (law) A criminal offence defined in various ways in various jurisdictions, sometimes including causing damage to another's property.
- (archaic, countable) A cause or agent of annoyance, harm or injury, especially a person who causes mischief.
- Synonyms: bad boy, knave, rapscallion, rascal, rogue; see also Thesaurus:villain, Thesaurus:troublemaker
- 1753 (indicated as 1754), [Samuel Richardson], The History of Sir Charles Grandison. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: […] S[amuel] Richardson; [a]nd sold by C. Hitch and L. Hawes, […], →OCLC:
- To die like a man of honour, Sir Hargrave, you must have lived like one. You should be sure of your cause. But these pistols are too ready a mischief. Were I to meet you in your own way, Sir Hargrave, I should not expect, that a man so enraged would fire his over my head, as I should be willing to do mine over his. Life I would not put upon the perhaps involuntary twitch of a finger.
- 1993, Carlos Parada, Genealogic Guide to Greek Mythology[1], page 71:
- Epimetheus was scatter-brained and a mischief to men for having taken the woman [Pandora] that Zeus had formed.
- (euphemistic) The Devil; used as an expletive.
- 1967, The Statesman, volume 12, page 260:
- What the mischief are you? and how the mischief did you get here, and where in thunder did you come from?
- (Australia) Casual and/or flirtatious sexual acts.
Synonyms
[edit]- (harm or injury): agitation, annoyance, corruption, damage, demolition, destruction, detriment, disablement, disruption, evil, harm, hurt, ill, impairment, incapacitation, injury, nuisance, pique, ravage, sabotage, scathe, trouble, undoing, unmaking, vexation, weakening, wrong
Derived terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]conduct that playfully causes petty annoyance
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harm or trouble caused by an agent or brought about by a particular cause
one who causes mischief
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
Verb
[edit]mischief (third-person singular simple present mischiefs, present participle mischiefing, simple past and past participle mischiefed)
- (transitive, obsolete) To do a mischief to; to harm.
- 1719, Daniel Defoe, The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, page 144:
- […] so, when the two ladders were taken down, no man living could come down to me without mischiefing himself, […]
- 1911, James Matthew Barrie, Peter and Wendy, page 86:
- 'Not now, Smee,' Hook said darkly. 'He is only one, and I want to mischief all the seven. Scatter and look for them.'
- (transitive, obsolete) To slander.
- 1708, John Dunton, The Phenix, page 403:
- And so it hath been divers times; Men mischiefing the Jews to excuse their own Wickedness: as to instance one Precedent in the time of a certain King of Portugal.
Translations
[edit]to do mischief, to get up to mischief
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Further reading
[edit]- “mischief”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- Mischief in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)
Middle English
[edit]Noun
[edit]mischief
- Alternative form of myschef
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- Rhymes:English/ɪstʃɪf
- Rhymes:English/ɪstʃɪf/2 syllables
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- Rhymes:English/ɪstʃiːf/2 syllables
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