Medan

Medan
Wuri
3°35′22″N 98°40′26″E / 3.5894°N 98.6739°E / 3.5894; 98.6739
Ƴantacciyar ƙasa	Indonesiya
Province of Indonesia (en)	North Sumatra (en)
Babban birnin	North Sumatra (en)
Yawan mutane
Faɗi	2,109,330 (2010)
• Yawan mutane	7,956.73 mazaunan/km²
Labarin ƙasa
Yawan fili	265,100,000 m²
Altitude (en)	26 m
Sun raba iyaka da	Deli Serdang (en)
Bayanan tarihi
Wanda ya samar	Guru Patimpus (en)
Ƙirƙira	1 ga Yuli, 1590
Bayanan Tuntuɓa
Lambar aika saƙo	44332
Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci	UTC+07:00 (en)
Wasu abun
Yanar gizo	portal.medan.go.id

Medan, a tsibirin Sumatra, babban birnin yankin Arewacin Sumatra ce, a kasar Indonesiya. Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a a shekarar 2010, jimilar mutane 2,097,610. An gina birnin Medan a karni na sha shida bayan haifuwan annabi Issa.^[1]

Guru Patimpus, dan kabilar Karone ne ya kafa birnin, wanda ya ba da sunan yankin kasar fadama a mahadar kogin Deli da kogin Babura Kampung Medan Putri. Daga baya ya zama wani ɓangare na Deli Sultanate, wanda aka kafa a cikin 1632. A ƙarshen karni na 19, 'yan mulkin mallaka na Holland masu neman sababbin wuraren shuka sun zaɓi Medan da Deli a matsayin mafi yawan wuraren shuka tare da Kamfanin Deli. Sun kafa gonakin taba, inda suka mayar da Medan ta zama cibiyar kasuwanci a cikin shekaru da yawa kuma suka sami Medan laƙabin Het Land Dollar, ma'ana "ƙasar kuɗin". An san birnin sosai saboda mahimmancin taba a matsayin fitarwa zuwa Turai da Yamma. Ci gaban Medan cikin sauri ya zo tare da layin dogo na Deli, wanda aka kafa don jigilar taba, roba, shayi, katako, dabino, da sukari daga Medan zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa na Belawan, sannan ana fitar da su zuwa kasashen duniya. Medan ita ce babban birnin jihar Sumatra ta Gabas kafin ta zama babban birnin lardin Sumatra ta Arewa. An yiwa Medan lakabi da Parijs van Sumatra saboda kamannin birnin da Paris.

Medan gari ne wanda ke cibiyar kuɗi, kasuwanci, da tattalin arziƙi na lardin Sumatra ta Arewa da duk tsibirin Sumatra. Ga yawancin masu saka hannun jari na ƙasashen waje, Medan yana da wadatar al'adu da tarihi kuma yana gabatar da kansa a matsayin cibiyar tattalin arziki mai ƙarfi ta duniya. A matsayin babban birni mai ƙarfi na Arewacin Sumatra, Medan yana ba da babban tafki na ɗan adam da hazaka, ƙananan farashin aiki, wuri mai mahimmanci kusa da Singapore da Malaysia, da albarkatun ƙasa daban-daban. An san birnin a matsayin cibiyar kasuwanci na fitar da dabino. Arewacin Sumatra yana da kusan kadada miliyan 4 na gonakin dabino. Medan na ɗaya daga cikin kasuwannin da suka ci gaba a cikin ciniki. Kimanin kashi 60% na tattalin arzikin Arewacin Sumatra yana samun goyon bayan ciniki, noma, da masana'antu.^[2]

Bisa ga littafin diary na wani ɗan kasuwa na Portugal a farkon karni na 16, sunan Medan ya samo asali ne daga kalmar Tamil Maidān, wanda kuma aka sani da Maidāṉam, wato Ground, wanda aka karɓa daga yaren Malay. Ɗaya daga cikin ƙamus na Karo-Indonesia wanda Darwin Prinst SH ya rubuta, wanda aka buga a 2002, ya bayyana cewa Medan kuma za a iya bayyana shi da "farfadowa" ko "zama mafi kyau".

Medan ya fara ne a matsayin ƙauye mai suna Kampung Medan (Ƙauyen Medan). Guru Patimpus Sembiring Pelawi, mutumin Karonese daga yankin Karo ne ya kafa Kampung Medan. Kafin ya zama musulmi, shi mabiyin Pemena ne. Bayan tarihin trombo da Hamparan Perak (XII Kuta), Guru Patimpus ya karanci Musulunci daga Datuk Kota Bangun. A lokacin, Guru Patimpus da mutanensa sun so su hadu da Datuk. Ba wai kawai suna son saduwa da shi ba, har ma suna son yin gogayya da shi don neman "iko"^[3]. Duk lokacin da Guru Patimpus ya tafi Kota Bangun, yakan wuce Pulo Brayan. A cikin Pulo Brayan, Guru Patimpus ya ƙaunaci Gimbiya Pulo Brayan. A ƙarshe, ya auri gimbiya kuma ya haifi 'ya'ya maza biyu, Kolok da Kecik. Ma'auratan sai suka juya yankin dajin da ke tsakanin kogin Deli da kogin Babura zuwa wani karamin kauye, inda suka sanya masa suna Kampung Medan (lit. Medan Village). An sanya ranar a matsayin ranar tunawa da Medan, 1 ga Yuli, 1590.^[4]

• 
  Bakin Teku a birnin
• 
  Laburare na birnin
• 
  Medan Indonesiya
• 
  Massallacin Raya, Medan
• 
  Medan Downtown
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  Bentor Medan
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  Jalan DR Mansyur, Medan
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  Massallacin Al-Osmani, Medan

1. ↑ "Medan Het Parijs van Sumatra, Medan Paris di Sumatra". Teknomuda (in Indonesian). 2 September 2017. Archived from the original on 4 August 2020. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
2. ↑ "Medan Business: Top Sectors, Economies, Business Setup". 23 July 2021. Retrieved 12 July 2022.
3. ↑ "Badan Pusat Statistik". bps.go.id. Archived from the original on 5 February 2021. Retrieved 3 February 2021.
4. ↑ Koko Hendri Lubis, Roman Medan: Sebuah Kota Membangun Harapan, PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta, 2018