Zona Urban yang lebih besar
Zona Urban yang lebih besar (bahasa Inggris: Larger Urban Zone (LUZ)) adalah sebuah konsep yang diciptakan oleh Eurostat, lembaga statistik Uni Eropa, untuk menyesuaikan definisi urbanisasi di Uni Eropa dan di negara-negara di luar Uni Eropa.[1] Definisi ini telah disepakati antara Eurostat dan Kantor Statistik Nasional dari berbagai negara Uni Eropa pada kesempatan Urban Audit Komisi Eropa 2004.[2] LUZ mendapatkan kritik karena tidak mencukupinya sinkronisasi data, yang masih dikumpulkan oleh pemerintah lokal berbagai negara, membuat kadang-kadang sulit untuk membandingkan LUZ dari berbagai negara. Pada tahun 2006, sekitar sepertiga dari definisi LUZ diubah, secara signifikan meningkatkan komparabilitas definisi LUZ di negara yang berbeda. Putaran terakhir dari Urban Audit juga menambahkan kota-kota dari negara kandidat dan negara-negara EFTA.
Daftar
[sunting | sunting sumber]Meskipun putaran terbaru dari Urban Audit juga menambahkan kota-kota dari negara-negara EFTA (Islandia, Liechtenstein, Norwegia dan Swiss) dan negara-negara kandidat Uni Eropa, satu-satunya negara kandidat yang memiliki data hanyalah Turki. Kroasia dan Republik Makedonia, yang juga negara kandidat saat ini, menerima status LUZ pada tahun 2004 dan 2005.
LUZ | Negara | Populasi menurut OECD (2014) [3] | Populasi menurut Eurostat (2006)[4] | Populasi menurut Eurostat (2016)[5] |
---|---|---|---|---|
Amsterdam metropolitan area | Belanda | 2.452.659 | [a] | 2.497.0002.771.661 |
Antwerp | Belgia | 1.081.904 | [b] | 1.406.0001.100.139 |
Athens | Yunani | 3.535.055 | 3.761.000 | 3.863.763 |
WIlayah Metropolitan Barcelona | Spanyol | 3.846.697 | [c] | 4.082.0005.445.616 |
Berlin | Jerman | 4.399.542 | 4.016.000 | 5.005.216 |
Bilbao | Spanyol | 1.013.805 | 947.000 | 1.025.109 |
Birmingham (West Midlands) | Britania Raya | 1.957.078 | 3.701.107 | 2.332.629 |
Bordeaux | Prancis | 1.175.699 | No data | 1.244.264 |
Bremen | Jerman | 1.027.192 | 1.077.000 | 1.244.363 |
Bristol | Britania Raya | 836.621 | 1.041.000 | 1.090.080 |
Brussels-Capital Region | Belgia | 2.588.102 | [b] | 2.639.0002.625.525 |
Bucharest metropolitan area | Rumania | No data | 2.158.558 | 2.403.107 |
Budapest metropolitan area | Hungaria | 2.879.601 | 2.523.000 | 2.993.948 |
Cardiff | Britania Raya | 664.861 | 1.097.000 | 1.085.526 |
Copenhagen | Denmark | 2.025.171 | [d] | 1.881.0001.893.010 |
Dublin Metropolitan Area | Ireland | 1.836.119 | 1.261.332 | 1.263.035 |
Frankfurt/Rhine-Main Region | Jerman | 2.533.311 | [e] | 2.764.0002.573.745 |
Gdansk | Polandia | 1.105.467 | No data | [f] | 1.141.954
Greater Glasgow | Britania Raya | 967.101 | 1.395.000 | 1.789.003 |
Metropolitan Gothenburg | Swedia | 1.015.974 | No data | [g] | 1.006.548
The Hague | Belanda | 906.897 | [a] | 1.404.0001.070.027 |
Hamburg Metropolitan Region | Jerman | 3.008.841 | 2.983.000 | 3.173.871 |
Hanover | Jerman | 1.217.511 | No data | 1.300.687 |
Helsinki Metropolitan Area | Finlandia | 1.498.050 | 1.285.000 | 1.532.309 |
Katowice metropolitan area | Polandia | 2.589.349 | [h] | 3.029.0002.743.929 |
Kraków metropolitan area | Polandia | 1.362.740 | 1.236.000 | 1.276.438 |
West Yorkshire (Bradford - Leeds) | Britania Raya | [i] | 1.774.5522.302.000 | 2.238.127 |
Lille–Kortrijk–Tournai | Prancis/ Belgia |
[j] | 1.363.465[k] | 1.379.0002.572.374 |
Lisbon metropolitan area | Portugal | 2.886.662 | 2.591.000 | 2.839.908 |
Liverpool/Birkenhead | Britania Raya | 954.181 | 2.241.000 | 1.352.000 |
Łódź | Polandia | 939.568 | 1.165.000 | 1.116.660 |
London metropolitan area | Britania Raya | 11.701.236 | 13.109.000 | 12.250.000 |
Lyon | Prancis | 1.960.847 | 1.669.000 | 2.188.759 |
Madrid metropolitan area | Spanyol | 7.079.173 | 5.263.000 | 6.378.297 |
Greater Manchester | Britania Raya | 1.935.559 | 2.556.000 | 2.615.144 |
Mannheim | Jerman | 1.230.276 | No data | 1.172.821 |
Marseille | Prancis | 1.773.503 | 1.530.000 | [l] | 1.750.885
Milan metropolitan area | Italia | 4.159.854 | [m] | 4.136.0004.267.946 |
Munich | Jerman | 2.965.871 | [n] | 2.665.0002.808.581 |
Naples metropolitan area | Italia | 4.475.682 | [o] | 4.654.2594.127.390 |
Nice | Prancis | 865.195 | 1.082.000 | 1.017.307 |
Nottingham-Derby | United Kingdom | 863.918 | 1.614.000 | 1.927.550 |
Nuremberg Metropolitan Region | Jerman | 1.169.367 | 1.443.000 | 1.301.504 |
Greater Oslo | Norwegia | 1.299.955 | 1.037.000 | 1.144.883 |
Ostrava | Ceko | tiada data | tiada data | [p] | 1,119,593
Paris metropolitan area | Prancis | 12.037.889 | 13.975.000 | 12.824.000 |
Porto Metropolitan Area | Portugal | 1.313.829 | [q] | 1.245.0001.286.111 |
Portsmouth-Southampton | Britania Raya | 594.455 | 1.547.000 | [r] | 1.498.402
Prague | Ceko | 1.910.396 | 1.669.000 | [s] | 2,224,080
Rhein-Nord[t] (Düsseldorf - Neuss) | Jerman | [u] | 1.427.823[v] | 3.073.0001.527.176 |
Rhein-Süd[t] (Cologne - Bonn) | Jerman | [w] | 1.926.073[v] | 3.070.000[x] | 3.023.545
Riga | Latvia | No data | 1.195.000 | 1.089.767 |
Rome metropolitan area | Italia | 4.149.364 | 4.353.738 | 3.700.000 |
Rotterdam | Belanda | 1.509.373 | [a] | 1.904.0001.818.563 |
Ruhr area | Jerman | [y] | No data[v] | 5.376.0005.045.784 |
Saarbrücken - Forbach | Jerman/ Prancis |
[z] | 570.4791.102.000 | 822.128 |
Seville | Spanyol | 1.500.644 | [aa] | 1.180.0001.877.060 |
Sofia | Bulgaria | No data | 1.260.120 | 1.543.377 |
Metropolitan Stockholm | Swedia | 2.018.208 | 2.171.000 | [butuh rujukan] | 2.034.354
South Yorkshire (Sheffield) | Britania Raya | 920.128 | 1.569.000 | 1.596.298 |
Stuttgart Metropolitan Region | Jerman | 1.965.942 | 2.289.000 | 2.678.795 |
Thessaloniki metropolitan area | Yunani | 975.439 | 1.052.000 | 1.166.914 |
Toulouse | Prancis | 1.309.149 | No data | 1.388.978 |
Turin metropolitan area | Italia | 1.774.507 | [ab] | 1.601.0002.302.353 |
Newcastle-Sunderland | Britania Raya | [ac] | 1.082.7291.599.000 | 1.141.879 |
Valencia | Spanyol | 1.668.153 | [ad] | 1.398.0002.516.818 |
Vienna | Austria | 2.793.631 | 2.584.000 | 2.339.807 |
Warsaw metropolitan area | Polandia | 3.037.890 | 2.785.000 | 3.304.641 |
Zagreb | Kroasia | No data | 1.107.115 | 1.123.374 |
Zürich metropolitan area | Swiss | 1.246.968 | 1.615.000 | 1.984.534 |
Daftar tahun 2004
[sunting | sunting sumber]Per. | Zona Urban yang lebih besar | Negara | Populasi | Area (km²) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Paris | Prancis | 11,217,000 | 12,079.87[6] |
2 | Istanbul | Turki (non anggota UE) | 11,154,928 | |
3 | London | Britania Raya (kini bekas negara anggota UE) | 10,345,124 | 8,900[6] |
4 | Madrid | Spanyol | 5,804,829 | 8,022 |
5 | Ruhr Area | Jerman | 5,302,179 | 4,435 |
6 | Berlin | Jerman | 4,971,331 | 17,385 |
7 | Naples | Italia | 4,475,682 | 564.95 |
8 | Barcelona | Spanyol | 4,233,638 | 1,796.64 |
9 | Athens | Yunani | 4,013,368 | 3,806.92 |
10 | Ankara | Turki (non anggota UE) | 3,736,359 | |
11 | Rome | Italia | 3,457,690 | 3,666.66 |
12 | Hamburg | Jerman | 3,134,620 | 7,304 |
12 | Milan | Italia | 3,076,643 | 1,348.32 |
13 | Upper Silesian Industrial Region | Polandia | 2,710,397 | 2,650.65 |
14 | Stuttgart | Jerman | 2,663,660 | 3,654 |
15 | Warsaw | Polandia | 2,660,406 | 5,198.52 |
16 | Manchester | Britania Raya (kini bekas negara anggota UE) | 2,539,100 | 1,280 |
17 | Munich | Jerman | 2,531,706 | 5,504 |
18 | Frankfurt | Jerman | 2,517,561 | 4,305 |
19 | Izmir | Turki (non anggota UE) | 2,459,474 | |
20 | Lisbon | Portugal | 2,435,837 | 1,432.49 |
21 | Budapest | Hungaria | 2,393,846 | 2,538[6] |
22 | Leeds | Britania Raya (kini bekas negara anggota UE) | 2,393,300 | 5,114[6] |
23 | Birmingham | Britania Raya (kini bekas negara anggota UE) | 2,357,100 | 1,598 |
24 | Vienna | Austria | 2,179,769 | 4,610.93[6] |
25 | Bucharest | Rumania | 2,140,194 | 662 |
26 | Prague | Ceko | 1,964,750 | 6,977[6] |
27 | Cologne | Jerman | 1,873,580 | 1,626 |
28 | Stockholm | Swedia | 1,860,872 | 6,519 |
29 | Copenhagen | Denmark | 1,806,667[6] | 2,759[6] |
30 | Brussels | Belgia | 1,800,663 | 1,613.91 |
31 | Glasgow | Britania Raya (kini bekas negara anggota UE) | 1,747,100 | 3,346 |
32 | Turin | Italia | 1,745,221 | 1,878.97 |
33 | Lyon | Prancis | 1,717,300 | 5,997.68[6] |
34 | Belgrade | Serbia (non anggota UE) | 1,683,962 | 514 |
35 | Valencia | Spanyol | 1,564,145 | 1,440.58 |
36 | Dublin | Republic of Ireland | 1,535,446[6] | |
37 | Düsseldorf | Jerman | 1,525,029 | 1,201 |
38 | Bursa | Turki (non anggota UE) | 1,474,482 | |
39 | Amsterdam | Belanda | 1,443,258 | 859.28 |
40 | Adana | Turki (non anggota UE) | 1,394,130 | |
41 | Liverpool | Britania Raya (kini bekas negara anggota UE) | 1,365,900 | 821 |
42 | Bielefeld | Jerman | 1,297,876 | 2,921 |
43 | Hanover | Jerman | 1,294,447 | 2,966 |
44 | Nuremberg | Jerman | 1,288,797 | 2,934 |
45 | Sheffield | Britania Raya (kini bekas negara anggota UE) | 1,277,100 | 1,846 |
46 | Kraków | Polandia | 1,264,322 | 2,988.65 |
47 | Sofia | Bulgaria | 1,263,807[6] | 3,424.2[6] |
48 | Seville | Spanyol | 1,249,346 | 3,081.9 |
49 | Bremen | Jerman | 1,249,291 | 5,885 |
50 | Helsinki | Finlandia | 1,224,107 | 2,969.94 |
51 | Rotterdam | Belanda | 1,186,818 | 611.75 |
52 | Łódź | Polandia | 1,163,516 | 2,857.51 |
53 | Ostrava | Ceko | 1,153,876 | 3,889.6[6] |
54 | Zurich | Swiss (non anggota UE) | 1,110,478 | 1,086.14 |
55 | Tricity | Polandia | 1,105,203 | 3,457.32 |
56 | Porto | Portugal | 1,099,040 | 562.32 |
57 | Oslo | Norwegia (non anggota UE) | 1,090,513 | 6,920 |
58 | Newcastle upon Tyne | Britania Raya (kini bekas negara anggota UE) | 1,055,600 | 3,385 |
59 | Gaziantep | Turki (non anggota UE) | 1,052,795 | |
60 | Toulouse | Prancis | 1,052,497 | 4,706.93[6] |
61 | Wrocław | Polandia | 1,031,439 | 4,582.2 |
62 | Poznań | Polandia | 1,018,511 | 3,719.2 |
63 | Gothenburg | Swedia | 1,015,974 | 3,694.86 |
64 | Bristol | Britania Raya (kini bekas negara anggota UE) | 1,006,600 | 1,635 |
65 | Riga | Latvia | 1,003,949 | 5,382.5 |
Keterangan
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ a b c Part of the Randstad polycentric urban region consisting of the metropolitan areas of Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague, and Utrecht (982,000). The total population of the region is 7,100,000.
- ^ a b The Flemish Diamond metropolitan region, which consists of the metropolitan areas of Brussels, Antwerp, Gent, and Leuven, has a total population of 5,103,000.
- ^ Total jumlah penduduk adalah 4,251,000 jika wilayah metropolitan Mataro (169,000) juga dihitung.
- ^ Part of the wider Öresund region, which includes the Swedish metropolitan area of Malmö (961,000). The total regional population is 2,842,000.
- ^ Part of the Rhein-Main metropolitan region with a total population of 4,149,000, which additionally includes the metropolitan areas of Darmstadt (501,000), Wiesbaden (453,000), and Mainz (431,000).
- ^ 2014 data
- ^ 2017 data
- ^ Part of the polycentric Upper Silesian urban region with a total population of 5,294,000. The region additionally includes the metropolitan areas of Ostrava (1,046,000), Bielsko-Biala (584,000) and Rybnik (526,000).
- ^ Leeds and Bradford counted separately.
- ^ Kortrijk not included.
- ^ Part of the wider Lille-Bassin Minier region with a total population of 3,115,000.
- ^ 2014 data
- ^ Part of a wider polycentric urban region with a population of 6,011,000.
- ^ When combined with the Augsburg metropolitan area (606,000), the region has a total population of 3,271,000.
- ^ Part of a wider polycentric urban region with a population of 3,714,000.
- ^ 2015
- ^ Part of a wider polycentric urban region with a population of 1,778,000.
- ^ Excludes Southampton
- ^ 2015
- ^ a b Polycentric metropolitan area
- ^ Excludes Neuss.
- ^ a b c Part of the polycentric urban region of Rhein-Ruhr, which has a total population of 12,190,000.
- ^ Excludes Bonn which has a population of 750,370
- ^ Excludes Bonn
- ^ Essen, Bochum, and Dortmund counted separately.
- ^ Saarbrücken only
- ^ Total jumlah penduduk adalah 1,262,000 jika wilayah metropolitan of Utrera (82,000) juga dihitung.
- ^ Total jumlah penduduk adalah 1,716,000 if the metropolitan of Pinerolo juga dihitung.
- ^ Excludes Sunderland
- ^ Total jumlah penduduk adalah 1,499,000 jika wilayah metropolitan Sagunto juga dihitung.
Referensi
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ "What is the Urban Audit?". Eurostat. 2006. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2009-02-12. Diakses tanggal 2010-11-24.
- ^ "The shift of Eurostat to Urban Statistics". Dr. Berthold Feldmann, Eurostat. March 2006. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2006-09-20. Diakses tanggal 2010-11-24.
- ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag
<ref>
tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernamaOEDC Populations in cities
- ^ European Spatial Planning Observation Network, Study on Urban Functions (Project 1.4.3) Diarsipkan 24 September 2015 di Wayback Machine., Final Report, Chapter 3, (ESPON, 2007)
- ^ http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=urb_lpop1&lang=en
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Data for 2001 (2004 data not yet available)