Historia Scandinaviae

Historia Scandinaviae est historia regionis geographicae in Europa Septentrionali patentis, atque suarum gentium. Quae regio in Dania, Norvegia, et Suecia sensu stricto consistit; Finnia autem et Islandia aliquando, praecipue in civitatibus angloloquentibus, partes Scandinaviae putantur.

Pauca indicia aetatum lapideae, aeneae, ferreaeque in Scandinavia manent, praeter aliquot instrumenta e saxo, aeris, et ferro facta, nonnullas gemmas et ornamenta corporea, et congeries lapidum quae monumenta sepulcralia fuisse putantur. Una autem collectio magni momenti quae exstat in adumbrationibus lapideis consistit, quae petroglypha appellantur.

Cultura humana huius aevi aetas lapidea Nordica appellatur.

Glacie recedente, feri Rangiferi tarandi planas Daniae Sueciaeque terras pascebantur. Hi erant fines culturae Ahrensburgensis, tribuum quae per vastos campos venabantur et in tentoriis lavvu nunc appellatis super tundram habitabant. Silvae hac in regione plerumque carebant, praeter Betulam pubescentem et Sorbum, sed silva borealis (taiga) lente exoriebatur.

Tria milia annorum, ab anno 9000 ad annum 6000 a.C.n. fere (Mesolithico Medio ad Serum), greges vagi vel semisedentarii in Scandinavia habitabant, de quibus pauca certum sciuntur. Venatione, piscatione, collectione vescebantur. Archaeologi circa ducentos locos sepulturae hac in regione investigaverunt.^[1]

Septimo millennio a.C.n., cum rangiferi et venatores ad Scandinaviam septentrionalem migraverant, silvae in terra bene constitutae erant. Cultura Maglemosiana in Dania et Suecia meridiana tum vigebat. Ad septentriones, in Norvegia et plurimis Sueciae meridianae regionibus, vivebant homines culturae Fosna-Hensbackanae, qui plerumque ad margines silvae habitabant. Venatores septentrionales pecudes quaerebant et salmonidas expiscabantur, hiemibus ad meridiem, aestatibus ad septentriones moventes. Hi homines traditionibus culturalibus utebantur quae proprietatibus aliarum regionum septentrionalium, in regionibus Finniae hodiernae, in Russia, ac trans fretum Beringianum in maxime septentrionali Americae Septentrionalis parte, similes erant.

Scandinavia meridiana sexto millennio a.C.n. silvas foliorum latorum et mixtas temperatas^? sustinebat. Inter fauna ibi erant Bos primigenius (nunc exstinctus), Bison bonasus, Alces, et Cervus elaphus. Cultura Kongemosis hoc tempore auctoritate pollebat, cum incolae pinnipedia venarentur et in aquis fertilibus piscarentur.

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