1932 Arkansas gubernatorial election

1932 Arkansas gubernatorial election
	County results; Futrell: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% 90-100%
Governor before election; Harvey Parnell; Democratic	Elected Governor ; Junius Marion Futrell; Democratic

The 1932 Arkansas gubernatorial election was held on November 8, 1932, to elect the governor of Arkansas, concurrently with the election to Arkansas's Class III U.S. Senate seat, as well as other elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections.

Incumbent Democratic governor Harvey Parnell had won office in 1928, and reelection in 1930. During this period, it was customary for governors to be reelected to a second term, but only one governor, Jeff Davis, had served three terms since Reconstruction. In the Solid South, winning the Democratic primary was tantamount to election, a trend that resulted in Democratic control of the Arkansas Governor's Mansion from 1874 to 1967. Chancery judge Junius Marion Futrell won a seven-candidate primary, and was nominated by the party despite insisting he did not want the position. The Republicans nominated James O. Livesay, a lawyer from Foreman in Little River County, who had also been the gubernatorial nominee against Harvey Parnell in 1930.

Futrell defeated Livesay in a landslide election, and would win reelection in 1934. Though the office remained within the Democratic party, the election represented a realignment in favor of the conservative wing of the party. Futrell was the most conservative governor elected in decades, with 1932 marking the end of the reform era in Arkansas.^[3]

Democratic primary

The Democratic primary carried significant weight during the Solid South period, with a primary win essentially tantamount to election. The Republicans selected their candidate in April at their state convention, and many Republicans also voted in the Democrat's open primary. Illustrating the strength of Democratic hegemony, the Fayetteville Daily Democrat published a photo of Futrell after the primary under the headline "Next Governor", three months before the general election. The caption claimed Futrell "possibly will be conceded the office by members of all parties".^[4]

Current governor Harvey Parnell had recently completed two terms, and declined to run for reelection. Though Parnell had enjoyed early popularity as a reform governor, he had become deeply unpopular following the start of the Great Depression, and the perceived flaws of the Martineau Road Law, which he was instrumental in passing as Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas. By February 1933, the situation had devolved so far, the Arkansas House of Representatives adopted a resolution describing the Parnell administration as "the most corrupt since the days of reconstruction and the most extravagant and wasteful in the history of the state". Many Arkansans blamed Parnell for their hardships in the Great Depression, and his unpopularity caused candidates to dodge his endorsement throughout the contest.^[5]

Candidates

A diverse group of state and local politicians sought the nomination, with as many as ten candidates running in the early months. The broad field began to narrow a month before the August primary, with campaign rhetoric and candidate mudslinging also rising. On primary day, August 9, 1932, there was a seven-man field, with four serious candidates: Dwight H. Blackwood of Osceola, chairman of the powerful Arkansas State Highway Commission, chancery judge Junius Marion Futrell of Paragould, former governor Tom J. Terral, and circuit judge A.B. Priddy of Russellville.

Declared

Dwight H. Blackwood, member of the Arkansas State Highway Commission, former Mississippi County Sheriff and Arkansas State Treasurer
Junius Marion Futrell, chancery judge, former member of the Arkansas House of Representatives, acting governor for five months during 1913
A.B. Priddy, circuit judge from Russellville, managed Brooks Hays 1928 gubernatorial campaign^[6]
Howard A. Reed, state comptroller^[7]
Tom J. Terral, former governor and Arkansas Secretary of State^[8]
Winston P. Wilson of Little Rock^[9]
Arley Woodrow of Mena^[10]

Blackwood's campaign was managed by Lee Seamster, a prominent judge from Fayetteville. Futrell's campaign was managed by C.E. Johnson, a chancery judge from Texarkana, and Griffin Smith, who would become an associate justice on the Arkansas Supreme Court.

Withdrew

S. Marcus Bone, circuit judge from Batesville (endorsed Terral)^[11]
Leonard D. Caudle, former member of the Arkansas House of Representatives from Greenwood (endorsed Terral)^[12]
C.A. Christian, doctor from Dardanelle^[13]
Dan W. Johnson, former representative from Johnson County^[14]
Richard A. Mann, circuit judge from Little Rock^[15]
Charles A. Walls, former member of the Arkansas State Senate from Lonoke^[16]

Declined

Carl E. Bailey, prosecuting attorney from Little Rock^[17]
William Lee Cazort, Parnell's first lieutenant governor, who had challenged him in the 1930 Democratic primary
Brooks Hays, assistant Arkansas Attorney General from 1925 to 1927^[18]
Sam Rorex, of Russellville^[19]
Lee Seamster, chancery judge, former member of the Arkansas House of Representatives from Fayetteville^[20]^[21] (endorsed Blackwood)^[22]
Lawrence Elery Wilson, Parnell's second lieutenant governor

Results

Public sentiment toward the Parnell administration turned the 1932 election debate toward corruption and good government reforms. One of the main issues was corruption at the Arkansas Highway Department, which is directed by the State Highway Commission, chaired by Blackwood. Public schools were also an issue in the race.^[23]

Priddy promised "a brand new deal", borrowing the term from President Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal. Priddy strongly opposed Blackwood's continued service on the Highway Commission, making a campaign promise to unseat him if elected. Blackwood had "boasted" he could not be removed from the Highway Commission unless indicted. Though Priddy had never supported the Parnell administration, Priddy was known as the governor's favored choice, though he did not give an official endorsement.^[24] Priddy also accused former governor Terral of aligning with Blackwood, saying "the difference would be in name only if either should be elected governor".^[25] Futrell had previously served on an audit committee tasked with investigating the Highway Commission, but resigned before publishing a report. Priddy used his resignation to tar and feather Futrell, and link him to the Blackwood and Parnell as corrupt.

Futrell was a reluctant candidate, saying after winning the Democratic primary, "had no ambition to become governor and would prefer to serve out my time as chancellor among the people who know me best".^[26] A planter from Paragould in Northeast Arkansas, Futrell had significant state government experience, but retained everyman credentials, nicknamed "the commoner from Paragould".^[27] Futrell emphasized retrenchment and good government reforms, including proposal of a constitutional amendment to require a balanced budget.^[28]^[29] Arkansas was facing a $15 million shortfall in 1933-1934, and the repayment of $146 million of highway bonds under the Martineau Road Law now seemed insurmountable.^[30] Futrell planned to modify the funding of highways upon election to ensure a balanced budget.

Democratic primary, 1932^[31]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Junius Marion Futrell	124,139	44.0
	Democratic	Tom J. Terral	59,066	20.9
	Democratic	A.B. Priddy	37,134	13.2
	Democratic	Dwight H. Blackwood	33,147	11.8
	Democratic	Howard Reed	12,117	4.3
	Democratic	W.P. Wilson	7,709	2.7
	Democratic	Other candidates	5,188	1.8
	Democratic	Arley Woodrow	3,541	1.3
Total votes			282,041	100.0

The Democratic primary was a dramatic fight played out via accusations in the press, and ultimately widened major rifts in the party. Though Parnell and Blackwood were already political rivals, the battle continued to escalate. Allegations of corruption flew among several of the candidates, positing other candidates as "members of the machine" or colluding as a political "gang".^[32] Parnell was initially thought to run for Senate, but declined and decided to retire from politics, but remained active in the 1932 primary. On July 24, reports emerged that Governor Parnell had switched his support from Priddy to Futrell.^[33] Parnell issued a statement, saying "his only interest in the present campaign was to defeat Dwight H. Blackwood".^[34] Following Futrell's win, Parnell removed Howard Reed from his state comptroller's position, allegedly for refusing to withdraw as a gubernatorial candidate. Parnell appointed Griffin Smith, manager of Futrell's campaign, to replace Reed. Four of Arkansas's constitutional officers condemned the firing in a statement, calling it "untimely to say the least".^[35]

Futrell tried to strike a conciliatory tone, saying "in the discharge of my duties as governor, all bitterness of the controversy will be forgotten, and the earnest co-operation of those who opposed me, and those who supported me, is necessary".^[36] He also condemned the overheated rhetoric of the campaign, saying "one thing has been definitely established: A campaign of slander and misrepresentation cannot succeed."^[37]

The Democratic state convention was held September 8–10 in Hot Springs. Representative of the conservative wing having taken control of the convention, it adopted as first plank of the party platform, "drastic curtailment of government expenditures and other reforms".^[38]

Republican convention

Republicans did not hold primaries in Arkansas until the 1960s, instead nominating their candidates at the state convention. The Republican convention was held in Little Rock on April 26, 1932.^[39] James O. Livesay, a lawyer and judge from Foreman, and Republican candidate for governor in 1930, was nominated as the Republican gubernatorial candidate.

Third parties

Candidates

Declared

Clay Faulks (Liberty and Socialist), of Mena^[40]
H.C. Coney (Communist) of England^[41]

General election

Turnout was expected to be high, mostly due to five constitutional amendments and three initiated acts listed on the November 1932 ballot, all of which were defeated at the polls. It was the longest ballot in Arkansas to date.^[42] On election day, turnout broke state records, exceeding even optimistic predictions.

Results

Arkansas gubernatorial election, 1932^[43]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Junius Marion Futrell	200,612	90.4
	Republican	James O. Livesay	19,713	8.9
	Liberty	Clay Faulks	911	0.4
	Socialist	Clay Faulks	461	0.2
	Communist	H.C. Coney	174	0.0
Total votes			221,817	100.0
	Democratic hold

References

^ "Elections" (1950), pp. 25–26.
^ "Elections" (1950), pp. 25–26.
^ "Arkansas" (2002), p. 321.
^ Staff of the Fayetteville Daily Democrat (August 10, 1932). "Next Governor". Fayetteville Daily Democrat. Vol. 37, no. 222. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. p. 1. OCLC 18126013 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.
^ "Denying" (1932), p. 1.
^ "Seeking" (1932), p. 1.
^ "Caudle" (1932), p. 7.
^ "Caudle" (1932), p. 7.
^ "Caudle" (1932), p. 7.
^ "Caudle" (1932), p. 7.
^ "Caudle" (1932), p. 9.
^ "Caudle" (1932), p. 9.
^ "Seeking" (1932), p. 1.
^ "Caudle" (1932), p. 9.
^ "Seeking" (1932), p. 1.
^ Staff of the Fayetteville Daily Democrat (June 3, 1932). "Gubernatorial Candidate to Speak Sat'day". Fayetteville Daily Democrat. Vol. 37, no. 165. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. p. 6. OCLC 18126013 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.
^ "Seeking" (1932), p. 1.
^ "Seeking" (1932), p. 1.
^ "Seeking" (1932), p. 1.
^ Staff of the Fayetteville Daily Democrat (February 12, 1932). "Seamster Now in Little Rock". Fayetteville Daily Democrat. Vol. 38, no. 69. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. p. 1. OCLC 18126013 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.
^ Staff of the Fayetteville Daily Democrat (February 8, 1932). "Lee Seamster May Run for Governorship". Fayetteville Daily Democrat. Vol. 38, no. 65. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. p. 1. OCLC 18126013 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.
^ Staff of the United Press (July 11, 1932). "Lee Seamster to Guide Blackwood's Campaign". Blytheville Courier News. Vol. 29, no. 98. Blytheville: The Courier News Company. p. 1 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.
^ Staff of the Hope Star (April 11, 1932). "Five Now in Race for Governorship". Hope Star. Vol. 33, no. 142. Hope: Star Publishing Company. pp. 1, 3. OCLC 23187909 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.
^ "Denying" (1932), p. 1.
^ "Capacity" (1932), p. 1.
^ "Personal" (1932), p. 1.
^ "Priddy" (1932), p. 13.
^ "Personal" (1932), p. 1.
^ "Arkansas" (2002), p. 321.
^ "Governors" (1995), p. 185.
^ "Elections" (1950), p. 25.
^ "Priddy" (1932), p. 13.
^ "Denying" (1932), p. 1.
^ "Denying" (1932), p. 1.
^ Staff of the Fayetteville Daily Democrat (August 17, 1932). "Many Against Parnell Move". Fayetteville Daily Democrat. Vol. 37, no. 228. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. p. 1. OCLC 18126013 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.
^ "Personal" (1932), p. 1.
^ "Personal" (1932), p. 1.
^ Staff of the Fayetteville Daily Democrat (September 10, 1932). "Futrell Not to Urge Any Solon Choice". Fayetteville Daily Democrat. Vol. 37, no. 249. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. p. 1. OCLC 18126013 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.
^ Staff of the Fayetteville Daily Democrat (April 27, 1932). "'Bone Dry' Plank G.O.P. State Move". Fayetteville Daily Democrat. Vol. 38, no. 133. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. p. 5. OCLC 18126013 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.
^ "Ballot" (1932), p. 1.
^ "Ballot" (1932), p. 1.
^ Staff of the Fayetteville Daily Democrat (November 7, 1932). "State Voters Ready to Poll to New Record". Fayetteville Daily Democrat. Vol. 37, no. 298. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. p. 1. OCLC 18126013 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.
^ "Elections" (1950), pp. 25–26.

Arnold, Morris S.; DeBlack, Thomas A.; Sabo III, George; Whayne, Jeannie M. (2002). Arkansas: A narrative history (1st ed.). Fayetteville, Arkansas: The University of Arkansas Press. ISBN 1-55728-724-4. OCLC 49029558.
Donovan, Timothy Paul; Gatewood, Willard B.; Whayne, Jeannie M., eds. (1995). The Governors of Arkansas: Essays in Political Biography (2 ed.). University of Arkansas Press.
Heard, Alexander; Strong, Donald S. (1950). Southern Primaries and Elections, 1920-1949. University, Alabama: University of Alabama Press. OCLC 500982.
Priddy, A.B. (August 4, 1932). "A.B. Priddy for Governor". Fayetteville Daily Democrat. Vol. 48, no. 30. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. p. 5. OCLC 18126013 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.
Staff of the Associated Press (August 4, 1932). "Caudle Quits, Favors Terral". Fayetteville Daily Democrat. Vol. 48, no. 30. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. pp. 1, 7, 9. OCLC 18126013 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.
Staff of the Fayetteville Daily Democrat (April 11, 1932). "Seven Seeking Governor Post". Fayetteville Daily Democrat. Vol. 38, no. 119. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. p. 1. OCLC 18126013 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.
Staff of the Fayetteville Daily Democrat (July 26, 1932). "Double Political Speaking by Bodenhamer, Priddy Draws Capacity Attendance". Fayetteville Daily Democrat. Vol. 37, no. 210. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. p. 1. OCLC 18126013 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.
Staff of the Fayetteville Daily Democrat (July 26, 1932). "Candidates are Denying Parnell Aid". Fayetteville Daily Democrat. Vol. 37, no. 210. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. p. 1. OCLC 18126013 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.
Staff of the Fayetteville Daily Democrat (August 10, 1932). "Futrell Says His Victory Not Personal". Fayetteville Daily Democrat. Vol. 37, no. 222. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. p. 1. OCLC 18126013 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.
Staff of the Harrison Daily Times (November 4, 1932). "Here's Copy of Tuesday's Ballot". Harrison Daily Times. Vol. 14, no. 30. Harrison: Times Publishing Company. p. 1. OCLC 18545584 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.

[1] "Elections" (1950), pp. 25–26.

[2] "Elections" (1950), pp. 25–26.

[3] "Arkansas" (2002), p. 321.

[4] Staff of the Fayetteville Daily Democrat (August 10, 1932). "Next Governor". Fayetteville Daily Democrat. Vol. 37, no. 222. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. p. 1. OCLC 18126013 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.

[5] "Denying" (1932), p. 1.

[6] "Seeking" (1932), p. 1.

[7] "Caudle" (1932), p. 7.

[8] "Caudle" (1932), p. 7.

[9] "Caudle" (1932), p. 7.

[10] "Caudle" (1932), p. 7.

[11] "Caudle" (1932), p. 9.

[12] "Caudle" (1932), p. 9.

[13] "Seeking" (1932), p. 1.

[14] "Caudle" (1932), p. 9.

[15] "Seeking" (1932), p. 1.

[16] Staff of the Fayetteville Daily Democrat (June 3, 1932). "Gubernatorial Candidate to Speak Sat'day". Fayetteville Daily Democrat. Vol. 37, no. 165. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. p. 6. OCLC 18126013 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.

[17] "Seeking" (1932), p. 1.

[18] "Seeking" (1932), p. 1.

[19] "Seeking" (1932), p. 1.

[20] Staff of the Fayetteville Daily Democrat (February 12, 1932). "Seamster Now in Little Rock". Fayetteville Daily Democrat. Vol. 38, no. 69. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. p. 1. OCLC 18126013 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.

[21] Staff of the Fayetteville Daily Democrat (February 8, 1932). "Lee Seamster May Run for Governorship". Fayetteville Daily Democrat. Vol. 38, no. 65. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. p. 1. OCLC 18126013 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.

[22] Staff of the United Press (July 11, 1932). "Lee Seamster to Guide Blackwood's Campaign". Blytheville Courier News. Vol. 29, no. 98. Blytheville: The Courier News Company. p. 1 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.

[23] Staff of the Hope Star (April 11, 1932). "Five Now in Race for Governorship". Hope Star. Vol. 33, no. 142. Hope: Star Publishing Company. pp. 1, 3. OCLC 23187909 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.

[24] "Denying" (1932), p. 1.

[25] "Capacity" (1932), p. 1.

[26] "Personal" (1932), p. 1.

[27] "Priddy" (1932), p. 13.

[28] "Personal" (1932), p. 1.

[29] "Arkansas" (2002), p. 321.

[30] "Governors" (1995), p. 185.

[31] "Elections" (1950), p. 25.

[32] "Priddy" (1932), p. 13.

[33] "Denying" (1932), p. 1.

[34] "Denying" (1932), p. 1.

[35] Staff of the Fayetteville Daily Democrat (August 17, 1932). "Many Against Parnell Move". Fayetteville Daily Democrat. Vol. 37, no. 228. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. p. 1. OCLC 18126013 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.

[36] "Personal" (1932), p. 1.

[37] "Personal" (1932), p. 1.

[38] Staff of the Fayetteville Daily Democrat (September 10, 1932). "Futrell Not to Urge Any Solon Choice". Fayetteville Daily Democrat. Vol. 37, no. 249. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. p. 1. OCLC 18126013 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.

[39] Staff of the Fayetteville Daily Democrat (April 27, 1932). "'Bone Dry' Plank G.O.P. State Move". Fayetteville Daily Democrat. Vol. 38, no. 133. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. p. 5. OCLC 18126013 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.

[40] "Ballot" (1932), p. 1.

[41] "Ballot" (1932), p. 1.

[42] Staff of the Fayetteville Daily Democrat (November 7, 1932). "State Voters Ready to Poll to New Record". Fayetteville Daily Democrat. Vol. 37, no. 298. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. p. 1. OCLC 18126013 – via NewspaperARCHIVE.

[43] "Elections" (1950), pp. 25–26.

[1]

v t e Elections in Arkansas
General	1844 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1900 1902 1903 1904 1906 1907 1908 1910 1912 1913 1914 1916 1917 1918 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1926 1927 1928 1930 1932 1933 1934 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1942 1943 1944 1946 1949 1950 1952 1953 1954 1956 1958 1959 1960 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1972 1973 1974 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022
Governor	1836 1840 1844 1848 1849 S 1852 1856 1860 1862 1864 U 1868 1872 1874 1876 1878 1880 1882 1884 1886 1888 1890 1892 1894 1896 1898 1900 1902 1904 1906 1908 1910 1912 1913 S 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 1934 1936 1938 1940 1942 1944 1946 1948 1950 1952 1954 1956 1958 1960 1962 1964 1966 1968 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014 2018 2022
U.S. President	1836 1840 1844 1848 1852 1856 1860 1864 1868 1872 1876 1880 1884 1888 1892 1896 1900 1904 1908 1912 1916 1920 1924 1928 1932 1936 1940 1944 1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020
U.S. Senate	Class 2: 1833 1839–40 1848 S 1853 1859 1868 S 1870 1876 1883 1885 S 1889 1895 1901 1907 1913 S 1913 1918 1924 1930 1936 1937 S 1942 1948 1954 1960 1966 1972 1978 1984 1990 1996 2002 2008 2014 2020 Class 3: 1837 1843 1845 S 1849 1855 1861 1867 1873 1879 1881 S 1885 1891 1897 1903 1909 1914 1916 S 1920 1926 1932 S 1932 1938 1944 1950 1956 1962 1968 1974 1980 1986 1992 1998 2004 2010 2016 2022
U.S. House	1837 1838 1840 1842 1844 1846 1848 1851 1853 1854 1856 1858 1860 1868 1870 1872 1874 1876 1878 1880 1882 1884 1886 1888 1890 1892 1894 1896 1898 1900 1902 1904 1906 1908 1910 1912 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 1934 1936 1938 1940 (4th S) 1942 1944 1946 1948 1950 1952 1954 1956 1958 1960 (6th S) 1962 1964 1966 (4th S) 1968 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022
'S,' denotes special election; 'U,' denotes election under Federal (Union) military occupation See also: Political party strength in Arkansas

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