puskia
Ingrian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *puskëdak. Cognates include Finnish puskea and Estonian puskida.
Pronunciation
edit- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈpuskiɑ/, [ˈpus̠ke̞]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈpuskiɑ/, [ˈpuʃkiɑ]
- Rhymes: -uskeː, -uskiɑ
- Hyphenation: pus‧ki‧a
Verb
editpuskia
- (transitive) to ram
- (transitive) to gore
Conjugation
editConjugation of puskia (type 5/laskia, k- gradation) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indikativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | pusen | en puse | 1st singular | oon puskent, oon puskenut | en oo puskent, en oo puskenut |
2nd singular | puset | et puse | 2nd singular | oot puskent, oot puskenut | et oo puskent, et oo puskenut |
3rd singular | puskoo | ei puse | 3rd singular | ono puskent, ono puskenut | ei oo puskent, ei oo puskenut |
1st plural | pusemma | emmä puse | 1st plural | oomma puskeneet | emmä oo puskeneet |
2nd plural | pusetta | että puse | 2nd plural | ootta puskeneet | että oo puskeneet |
3rd plural | puskoot1), puskevat2), pusetaa | evät puse, ei puseta | 3rd plural | ovat puskeneet | evät oo puskeneet, ei oo pusettu |
impersonal | pusetaa | ei puseta | impersonal | ono pusettu | ei oo pusettu |
Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | pusin | en puskent, en puskenut | 1st singular | olin puskent, olin puskenut | en olt puskent, en olt puskenut |
2nd singular | pusit | et puskent, et puskenut | 2nd singular | olit puskent, olit puskenut | et olt puskent, et olt puskenut |
3rd singular | puski | ei puskent, ei puskenut | 3rd singular | oli puskent, oli puskenut | ei olt puskent, ei olt puskenut |
1st plural | pusimma | emmä puskeneet | 1st plural | olimma puskeneet | emmä olleet puskeneet |
2nd plural | pusitta | että puskeneet | 2nd plural | olitta puskeneet | että olleet puskeneet |
3rd plural | puskiit1), puskivat2), pusettii | evät puskeneet, ei pusettu | 3rd plural | olivat puskeneet | evät olleet puskeneet, ei olt pusettu |
impersonal | pusettii | ei pusettu | impersonal | oli pusettu | ei olt pusettu |
Konditsionala | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | puskisin | en puskis | 1st singular | olisin puskent, olisin puskenut | en olis puskent, en olis puskenut |
2nd singular | puskisit, puskiist1) | et puskis | 2nd singular | olisit puskent, olisit puskenut | et olis puskent, et olis puskenut |
3rd singular | puskis | ei puskis | 3rd singular | olis puskent, olis puskenut | ei olis puskent, ei olis puskenut |
1st plural | puskisimma | emmä puskis | 1st plural | olisimma puskeneet | emmä olis puskeneet |
2nd plural | puskisitta | että puskis | 2nd plural | olisitta puskeneet | että olis puskeneet |
3rd plural | puskisiit1), puskisivat2), pusettais | evät puskis, ei pusettais | 3rd plural | olisivat puskeneet | evät olis puskeneet, ei olis pusettu |
impersonal | pusettais | ei pusettais | impersonal | olis pusettu | ei olis pusettu |
Imperativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
2nd singular | puse | elä puse | 2nd singular | oo puskent, oo puskenut | elä oo puskent, elä oo puskenut |
3rd singular | puskekoo | elköö puskeko | 3rd singular | olkoo puskent, olkoo puskenut | elköö olko puskent, elköö olko puskenut |
1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
2nd plural | puskekaa | elkää puskeko | 2nd plural | olkaa puskeneet | elkää olko puskeneet |
3rd plural | puskekoot | elkööt puskeko, elköö pusettako | 3rd plural | olkoot puskeneet | elkööt olko puskeneet, elköö olko pusettu |
impersonal | pusettakkoo | elköö pusettako | impersonal | olkoo pusettu | elköö olko pusettu |
Potentsiala | |||||
Preesens | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | puskenen | en puskene | |||
2nd singular | puskenet | et puskene | |||
3rd singular | puskenoo | ei puskene | |||
1st plural | puskenemma | emmä puskene | |||
2nd plural | puskenetta | että puskene | |||
3rd plural | puskenoot | evät puskene, ei pusettane | |||
impersonal | pusettannoo | ei pusettane | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | puskia | present | puskeva | pusettava | |
2nd | inessive | puskijees | past | puskent, puskenut | pusettu |
instructive | puskien | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (puskekaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
3rd | illative | puskomaa | |||
inessive | puskomaas | ||||
elative | puskomast | ||||
abessive | puskomata | ||||
4th | nominative | puskomiin | |||
partitive | puskomista, puskomist |
References
edit- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 443