I would like to create a map with a layer, like a traffic layer, but with the speed limits of roads (route, highway,...) with the différents speed.
How can I create a layer with speed limits of all roads?
It's practically impossible using just the Road API. You would have to create a route that makes you circle around every street. Also there limitations on how many points you can put in a route request.
My suggestion would be to gather the speed limit info from the Road API and then create a map using the Maps Javascript API to set custom markers that indicate the speed limit on each road.